(英语) 高考英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)

一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解

Amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like, as preparations are made for the world's first free from 3D-printed property (房产).

Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-printed off-site before being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four main sections will then be joined together.

Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year — will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles. The house is the creation of the design company WATG, based in London and California. The design for Curve Appeal draws inspiration from the Case Study House program. The architects leading the program were famed for constantly pushing the limits in terms of minimalist (极简主义) materials, and trying to create open-plan spaces that focused on enhancing (增强) natural light. In a written statement, a spokesman for WATG said, “Employing many of the same modem design principles, Curve Appeal is the next evolutionary step. It's important that the architecture and the environment work together harmoniously. The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.”

WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists. Participants were challenged to design a 600 to 800sq ft single-family home that rethinks traditional aesthetics (美学), ergonomics, construction, building systems and structure.

Over the last year, WATG's Chicago office has been developing their design with Branch Technology. This project is currently underway, working towards breaking ground later this year. Once completed, the Curve Appeal home will have open and light-filled inside living spaces. （1）From the passage we can know that Curve Apple .

A. will be different from an ordinary house B. is the first 3D-printed building C. has apparent walls and a roof D. was ever built in the world （2）Where is the architect located according to Paragraph 4?

A. Far away from the Tennessee River. B. In the woods near the Tennessee River. C. Between the Tennessee River and the woods. D. Next to some modem architectures. （3）What does the Freeform Home Design Challenge do?

A. It motivates participants to design at random. B. It emphasizes traditions rather than modernization.

C. It sponsors competitors when necessary. D. It helps put creative ideas into practice. （4）What's the passage mainly about?

A. What our homes will look like in the future. B. The Freeform Home Design Challenge. C. The world's first freeform 3D-printed house. D. The development of 3D in architecture. 【答案】（1）A

（2）B （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上第一个免费的3D打印房子。 (1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-printed off-site before being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four main sections will then be joined together.”可知，Curve Apple不同于一般的房子。故选A。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.”可知，建筑师住在the Tennessee River附近的树林里。故选B。

(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists.”可知，the Freeform Home Design Challenge有助于把创造性的想法付诸实践。故选D。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year — will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles.”可知，本文主要谈论的是世界上第一个免费的3D打印房子。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Learning, Fast and Deep

Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, and Google.

The standard route into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of America's top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk.

That is changing.

Last month fast.ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100, 000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning. Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast. ai's course can be completed in just seven weeks. To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of Jeremy Howard, who founded fast.ai with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school mathematics is sufficient. \"No. Greek. Letters,\" Mr. Howard intones, pounding the table with his fist for punctuation.

Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems which will be useless at best and dangerous at worst. In the earliest days of the Internet, only a select few nerds, namely computer holies with specific skills, could build applications. Not many people used them. Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages, both good and bad. But it was only by opening up to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping, instant global communications and search. If Mr. Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind. （1）What can we learn about deep learning?

A. It replaces artificial intelligence. B. It attracts rock stars to practice. C. It scans patterns for large companies. D. It helps technicians to create software. （2）Fast. ai is an organization that .

A. ensures one to obtain a PhD B. teaches craft in ivory tower C. offers a course in deep learning D. requires weeks to apply

（3）The underlined words \"No. Greek. Letters\"in Paragraph 5 means doing fast.ai course is . A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. boring （4）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that . A. it is quite reliable for anyone to grasp artificial intelligence B. the Internet has brought forth a flood of useless AI systems C. opening up to all leads to instant global search and online shopping D. simplifying software development may result in unexpected outcomes 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人工智能的深度学习被证明很有用，霍华德和数学家托马斯一起创办的非营利性教育机构致力于让深度学习变得简单。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns…build software for Amazon, Apple, and Google.“可知AI技术的一个分支、运用神经网络处理大量数据并从中寻找模式的\"深度学习\"被证明非常有用，亚马逊、苹果、和谷歌愿意开出

六位数高薪，聘请熟练的专业人员编写软件。这说明深度学习能帮助编写软件，故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Last month fast. ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning.“可知。上月，位于旧金山的非营利性教育机构 fast.ai 进入了它开办深度学习课程的第三年。也就是说fast. ai是一个提供深度学习课程的组织，故选C。

（3）考查句义猜测。根据五段中的”To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn …He says school mathematics is sufficient.“可知让深度学习不再神秘是杰里米·霍华德的目标，为此，他和数学家雷切尔·托马斯一起创立了fast.ai，让任何想学习编写AI软件的人都能学习这门技术。霍华德说有中学数学知识就足够了。这说明fast.ai的课程很简单，仅需要中学数学知识。因此霍华德说\"No. Greek. Letters”没有，希腊，字母“是想说fast, ai的深度学习课程很简单。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”If Mr Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind. “如果霍华德和其他人如愿以偿，那么让AI软件开发变得更容易将会催生出一批新的不同的果实。由此推断简化软件开发可能会导致意料之外的结果。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

It is bad to have food stuck between your teeth for long periods of time. This is because food attracts germs; germs produce acid, and acid hurts your teeth and gums. Flossing (使用牙线) helps to remove the food that gets stuck between your teeth. This explains why flossing helps to keep your mouth healthy, but some doctors say that flossing can also be good for your heart. It may seem strange that something you do for your teeth can have any effect on your heart. Doctors have come up with a few ideas about how flossing works to keep your heart healthy. One idea is that the germs that hurt your teeth can leave the mouth and travel into your blood.Germs that get into the blood can then attack your heart. Another idea is based on the fact that when there are too many germs in your mouth, the body tries to fight against there germs. For some reason, the way the body fights these mouth germs may end up weakening the heart overtime. Not every doctor agrees about these ideas. Some doctors think that the link between good flossing habits and good heart health is only a coincidence. The incidence (发生率) of two or more events is completely random, as they do not admit of any reliable cause and effect relationship between them. For example, every time I wash my car, it rains. This does not mean that when I wash my car, I somehow change the weather. This is only a coincidence. Similarly, some doctors think that people who have bad flossing habits just happen to also have heart problems, and people who have good flossing habits just happen to have healthy hearts. The theory that flossing your teeth helps to keep your heart healthy might not be true. But every doctor agrees that flossing is a great way to keep your teeth healthy. So even if flossing

does not help your heart, it is true to help your teeth. This is enough of a reason for everyone to floss their teeth every day.

（1）From the passage, we know that ________.

A. food stuck between your teeth may hurt your teeth B. all of the doctors agree that flossing is good for your heart C. doctors' judgment about flossing is based on medical research D. not every doctor thinks flossing helps to keep your teeth healthy （2）The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 is to ________.

A. provide an example B. make a comparison

C. introduce a new topic D. develop the previous statement （3）Which of the following best states the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. It is a fact that flossing can help your heart as well as your teeth. B. There is no good reason to believe that flossing will help your heart. C. Because doctors find flossing won't help your heart, it is useless to floss. D. Even if flossing is only good for your teeth, you should still do it every day. （4）Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Flossing by Coincidence B. How to Keep Your Teeth Healthy C. Flossing Habits and Healthy Hearts D. Why Doctors Disagree About Flossing 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文提到经过研究，剔牙与保持心脏之间没有必然的联系，但剔牙能保护牙齿的健康是可以肯定的。

( 1 )推理判断题。根据第一段提到It is bad to have food stuck between your teeth for long periods of time. This is because food attracts germs(细菌), germs produce acid, and acid hurts your teeth and gums.(长时间让食物停留在牙齿是有害处的，这是因为食物能吸引细菌，细菌会产生酸，腐蚀你的牙齿)，故选A项。

( 2 )句意猜测题。Not every doctor agrees about these ideas不是每个医生都对这些问题持相同的态度，Some doctors think that the link between good flossing habits and good heart health is only a coincidence.一些医生认为用牙线剔牙与心脏健康之间的关系只是偶然Similarly, some doctors think that people who have bad flossing habits just happen to also have heart problems一些医生认为有剔牙习惯的碰巧有心脏问题，故是发展以前的观点，因此选D项。

( 3 ) 段落大意题。根据最后一段提到剔牙能保持你的心脏健康这一理论可能并不正确的，

但医生同意剔牙能保证牙齿的健康，因此即使剔牙不能有助于你的心脏，肯定能保护你牙齿，这就是每天剔牙的重要原因，故选D项。

( 4 )主旨标题题。本文提到经过研究，剔牙与保持心脏之间没有必然的联系，但剔牙能保护牙齿的健康是可以肯定的，故选C项。

4．阅读理解

On February 6, Space X, a private US aerospace company owned by Elon Musk, has successfully launched its new Falcon Heavy spacecraft, making it the world's most powerful rocket. Falcon Heavy is the largest rocket since the retirement of NASA's Saturn V, which was used for the Moon missions in the 1970s. “Falcon Heavy can launch about tonnes into low Earth orbit-that's almost three times more than the current running biggest launch vehicle, Delta IV Heavy, ”Imperial College astrophysicist David Clements told AI Jazeera. According to Space X, Falcon Heavy can lift into orbit a mass greater than a 737 jet loaded with passengers, crew, luggage and fuel.

The rocket was designed with the idea of earning humans into space and opening the possibility of flying missions with people to the Moon and even Mars. For its first voyage, it carried Musk's $ 100,000 cherry-red Tesla sports car and a fake space-suited human model fixed in the driver's seat. Musk joked that “it may be discovered by some future alien race”.

Falcon Heavy went into space on its last flight on February 6. The launch took place at NASA's Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and Kennedy Space Center in the US state of Florida, the spot also used for the Apollo 11 Moon mission and several space shuttle launches. It was delayed by several hours because of high winds in the upper atmosphere. Minutes after take-off, the two outer boosters (助推器) landed at the nearby Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.

Space X announced plans to eventually use Falcon Heavy to launch two paying space tourists on a trip around the Moon. However, Musk said he will probably reserve that mission for another launch system, the BFR. Recently, Space X scheduled to launch a Falcon 9 rocket for NASA's TESS mission on March 20, 2018. It is reported that Space X is scheduled to complete 30 independent launch missions in 2018, at least half of which will use Falcon 9. （1）Which of the following can function as a rocket?

A. A 737 jet. B. Tesla. C. Saturn V. D. Space X. （2）What do we know about Falcon Heavy from the text?

A. It was the latest rocket in the world. B. It is of the same load as a 737 jet.

C. It is to be found by the creatures in the outer space. D. It was launched at the same place for the Apollo 11 mission.

（3）What delayed the launch of Falcon Heavy?

A. Weather condition. B. Program error. C. Equipment failure. D. Deliberate damage. （4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. The BFR will be completed in 2018. B. The vehicle to launch space tourists is unknown. C. Tourists will be sent into space by Falcon 9. D. Falcon 9 will take 15 launch missions. 【答案】（1）C （2）D

（3）A （4）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇时文报道类文章。2月6日，伊隆·马斯克的私人航天航空公司Space X成功的发射了猎鹰号重型航天器，使得它成为世界上最强大的火箭。文章介绍了猎鹰号重型航天器的具体情况。

（1）推理判断题。由第二段中的“Falcon Heavy is the largest rocket since the retirement of NASA's Saturn V”可知，Falcon Heavy是Saturn V退役之后的最大的火箭。由此可推知，Saturn V曾经是最大的火箭。故C选项正确。

（2）细节理解题。由第四段中的“The launch took place at NASA's Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and Kennedy Space Center in the US state of Florida, the spot also used for the Apollo 11 Moon mission and several space shuttle launches”可知，发射Falcon Heavy是在佛罗里达州的卡纳维拉尔角空军基地和肯尼迪航天中心。该地也被用来执行阿波罗11号的登月任务。结合选项，D选项正确。

（3）细节理解题。由第四段中的“It was delayed by several hours because of high winds in the upper atmosphere”可知，因为天气原因导致它延迟发射。故A选项正确。

（4）推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Space X announced plans to eventually use Falcon Heavy to launch two paying space tourists on a trip around the Moon. However, Musk said he will probably reserve that mission for another launch system, the BFR”可知，Space X宣布最终使用Falcon Heavy将两位付费的游客送入太空进行环月旅游。但是，Musk又说有可能将该任务留给BFR来执行。由此可以推知，到底谁来执行该任务还不确定。故B选项正确。 【点评】阅读理解推理判断题解题技巧：推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。 ①那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。

②推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知；作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。

③要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法；不要脱离原文主观臆断。

5．阅读理解

Spider monkeys have long, thin arms with hook like hands that allow them to swing through the trees. They do not have opposable thumbs(对生拇指).

The brown-headed spider monkey has a prehensile(缠绕性的)tail, which means it can grasp and can be used like a fifth leg to grab trees. During the day, the spider monkey searches for fruits, which make up the main part of its diet. They will also eat flowers, seeds, leaves, and small insects during the dry season when fruits aren't available. They spend most of the daylight hours climbing and swinging through the high branches of trees.

The brown-headed spider monkey lives in a large community of about 20 to 100 male and female monkeys. They split into smaller groups for feeding. Females usually give birth to only a single baby each year or two. Young monkeys are carried on their mothers' stomachs until about 16 weeks old. Then they are strong enough to ride on their mothers' backs. All brown-headed

spider monkey babies are born with a pink face and ears.

Spider monkeys hug each other and wrap their tails around each other. They are very intelligent and have strong memories. They were named spider monkeys because they look like spiders as they hang upside down from their tails with arms and legs swinging. Their genus (属)name is Ateles, which means “imperfect”. This refers to the fact that they don't have thumbs. Hunting the brown-headed spider monkey is now barred in Ecuador, a country in northwestern South America, but humans have killed them for their meat for hundreds of years. （1）Spider monkeys live mostly on ________.

A. insects B. fruits C. flowers D. leaves （2）What can we learn about spider monkeys?

A. They have five legs B. They live in small groups C. Their tails can take their weight D. Their genus is the same as spiders' （3）What does the underlined word “barred” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Permitted B. Forbidden C. Encouraged D. Ignored （4）Where do newly-born spider monkeys stay?

A. In a large community B. In trees with high branches C. On their mothers' backs D. On their mothers' stomachs 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了蜘蛛猴。蜘蛛猴主要以水果为食，当水果不够时，也可以以花朵，种子，树叶和小昆虫为食。蜘蛛猴是群居动物，小蜘蛛猴挂在妈妈的腹部，直到它们16周大可以骑在妈妈的背上。但人类捕杀蜘蛛猴已经几百年了。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的\" The brown- headed spider monkey lives in a large community of about20to100 male and female monkeys.”这只棕色的蜘蛛猴生活在一个大的社区里,大约有20到100只雄性和雌性猴子,故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ Spider monkeys hug each other and wrap their tails around each other. They are very intelligent and have strong memories.\"蜘蛛猴互相拥抱.互相用尾巴包围。他们非常聪明有很强的记忆。他们叫蛀蛛猴是因为他们看起来像蛀蛛挂颠倒与胳膊和腿摆动尾巴。可以推断出他们的尾巴可以承受他们的体重。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Hunting the brown-headed spider monkey is now barred in Ecuador, a country in northwestern South America, but humans have killed them for their meat for hundreds of years.”蜘蛛猴互相拥抱,互相用尾巴包围。他们非常聪明,有很强的记忆。他们叫蜘蛛猴是因为他们看起来像蜘蛛挂颠倒与胳膊和腿摆动尾巴。故选B。 （4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Young monkeys are carried on their mothers' stomachs until about 16 weeks old.”意思是“年轻的猴子是在母亲的肚子直到16周大。”故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Lately a popular eight-floor bookstore in Hefei,Anhui province,has risen to fame because it becomes the world's first shared bookstore,in a move meant to encourage more reading among Chinese citizens.

It comes to people's attention as more than 200,000 visitors flooded the store on its first day as a shared bookstore on July 16 this year,a record high since it was reopened to the public in 2013.Some 4,000 books were brought home on the first day,Thepaper.cn reported.

Customers are allowed to borrow up to two books valued under 150 yuan per visit after registering with an app and paying the 99 yuan deposit fee（押金）.

All books on sale in the bookstore are available for sharing.Returned books that are damaged are sold at a discount.The bookstore also provides a bonus for bookworms.People who finish reading 12 books in three months receive eight percent of their deposit back,and members can be rewarded one yuan for every book read.

\"We want to bring down the cost of reading so people could read more books,\"Xu Xinwei,who helps run the bookstore,told Thepaper.cn.

Some parents buy a lot of books for their children,but they usually end up collecting dust as their children grow up.Similarly,some popular novels for young people also fall out of fashion,according to Xu.\"Books are more effectively circulated when they're shared.\" （1）The bookstore becomes a shared one .

A. to make more money B. to make more room for new books C. to inspire more people to read D. to recommend new books

（2）What does the underlined phrase “risen to fame” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Become well-known. B. Settled down. C. Broken up. D. Taken over. （3）What can we infer from the passage?

A. The bookstore was once the best in Anhui province. B. The books that are sold here can't be borrowed.

C. More than 4,000 books were taken home on July 16 in 2013. D. The cost of reading can be reduced by sharing the books.

（4）What does the bookstore do to attract more readers?

A. The bookstore encourages parents to buy more books for their children. B. The readers are allowed to borrow the books unconditionally.

C. The readers who are members can receive one yuan for every book read. D. The bookstore is considering offering a bonus for anyone who likes reading. 【答案】（1）C （2）A （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，最近，安徽省合肥一家受欢迎的八楼书店，由于成为世界上第一家共享书店，因此鼓励更多中国公民读书。本文以此展开，主要讲述了共享书店的运营模式。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“in a move meant to encourage more reading among Chinese citizens.”可知这个书店成为一家共享书店为了让更多的公民阅读。故选C。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中popular一词，以及提到这家书店成为世界上第一家共享书店，可见这家书店应该“名声大振”。risen to fame译为“名声大振”。故选A.

（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“\"We want to bring down the cost of reading so people could read more books,”可推知，共享图书可以降低阅读成本，这样人们可以更多的阅读。故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“and members can be rewarded one yuan for every book read.”可知，所有的阅读者都可以得到每本书一元钱的奖励。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

As kids, my friends and I spent a lot of time out in the woods. \"The woods\" was our part-time address, destination, purpose, and excuse. If I went to a friend's house and found him not at home, his mother might say, \"Oh, he's out in the woods,\" with a tone (语气) of airy acceptance. It's similar to the tone people sometimes use now a days to tell me that someone I'm looking for is on the golf course or at the gym, or even \"away from his desk\". For us ten-year-olds, \"being out in the woods\" was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.

We sometimes told ourselves that what we were doing in the woods was exploring (探索). Exploring was a more popular idea back then than it is today. History seemed to be mostly about explorers. Our explorations, though seemed to have less system than the historic kind something usually came up along the way. Say we stayed in the woods, throwing rocks, shooting frogs, picking blackberries, digging in what we were briefly persuaded was an Indian burial mound. Often we got \"lost\" and had to climb a tree to find out where we were. If you read a story in which someone does that successfully, be skeptical; the topmost branches are usually too skinny to hold weight, and we could never climb high enough to see anything except other trees. There were four or five trees that we visited regularly-tall beeches easy to climb and comfortable to sit in.

It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end. By then some of us has reached seventh grade and had begun the rough ride of adolescence (青春期). In March, the month when we usually took to the woods again after winter, two friends and I set out to go exploring. We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that we really were rather big to be up in a tree. Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria.

（1）The author and his friends were often out in the woods to . A. spend their free time B. play golf and other sports C. avoid doing their schoolwork D. keep away from their parents （2）What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A. The activities in the woods were well planned. B. Human history is not the result of

exploration.

C. Exploration should be a systematic activity. D. The author explored in the woods aimlessly （3）The underlined word \"skeptical\" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to . A. calm B. doubtful C. serious D. optimistic

（4）The reason why we visited the four or five trees regularly is the following except that . A. they were tall beeches B. they were easy to climb C. they were not hi to climb D. they were comfortable to sit in （5）How does the author feel about his childhood? A. Happy but short. B. Lonely but memorable. C. Boring and meaningless. D. Long and unforgettable. 【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B （4）C （5）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时侯玩耍的“树林”对与作者和朋友们的意义。讲述了我们在“树林”中所从事的活动——探索，以及随着年龄的增长，不再去那里的经历。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“For us ten-year-olds, “being out in the woods” was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.”可知，作者和朋友们经常“去树林中”是为了度过他们的休闲时光。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Our explorations, though seemed to have less system than the historic kind something usually came up along the way. ”可知，但是我们的探索与历史上的相比不够系统，有些东西通常都是在沿途中偶然出现的，因此推断作者探索是无目的的。故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“the topmost branches are usually too skinny to hold weight, and we could never climb high enough to see anything except other trees.”可知，最高的树枝通常太细以至于不能承重，所以我们从来不能爬到可以看到除了树以外的其它事物。因此推断爬到树上找出路是“不可信；怀疑的”的，与B项意义相近。故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“There were four or five trees that we visited regularly-tall beeches easy to climb and comfortable to sit in.”可知，有四五棵树是我们经常去参观的——它们由高大的树枝，容易爬上去，坐在上面也很舒服。故选C。

（5）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ For us ten-year-olds, ‘being out in the woods” was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.’”可知，作者和小伙伴们在“树林”里很快乐；以及最后一段中的“We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that we really were rather big to be up in a tree. Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria.”可推断在不知不觉间作者和小伙伴们都已经长大了，时光过的很快。所以作者对童年的感觉应该是快乐的，短暂的，但又是难忘的。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Imagine yourself on the other side of the college admissions desk. It's not so glorious, apparently. At the very least, you need to be good-natured. Joseph Connolly, a guidance counselor at New Oxford High School in the United States, wanted to know the things that annoy admissions officers the most. He sent out a request to members of the National Association for College Admissions Counselors and received hundreds of responses. Apparently, college admissions officers were waiting for an opportunity to unload their frustrations. The responses fall into several areas: Communication

Silly or stupid email addresses; sending emails that use texting shorthand, such as \"im w8ing 4 some1 2 call me.\"

Leaving a message with just a first name and no telephone number. For example, \"Hi, this is Suzie. Please call me back.\"

Acting distracted during a one-on-one interview; nervous habits like foot-tapping or \"um\\"like\" and \"you know\ Not responding to emails from the admissions office. Over-involved parents

The very common comment from parents, \"We are in the process of completing applications.\" Parents attending interviews, and worse yet, speaking for their children. Essays

Not identifying which question they are responding to.

Writing about something they were great at in the seventh grade but haven't pursued since then.

（1）What is the purpose of the text?

A. To complain about the process of college application. B. To provide tips for college students in achieving high grades.

C. To list unwelcome behaviors in college application. D. To prove that admission officers are under great pressure.

（2）Which behavior may leave admission consolers a bad impression?

A. To use inappropriate and incomplete language. B. To leave a complete telephone number. C. To focus on the interview and stay calm. D. To reply to e-mails quickly. （3）What should parents avoid doing in an interview?

A. Letting kids to fill in the application form. B. Attending the interview on time. C. Getting dressed neatly for the interview. D. Answering questions for their kids. 【答案】（1）C （2）A （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学生申请大学时出现的一些令招生人员烦恼的不好的行为。

（1）考查写作目的。根据第一段中的“Joseph Connolly, a guidance counselor at New Oxford

High School in the United States, wanted to know the things that annoy admissions officers the most.”和“The responses fall into several areas:”可推断，文章的写作目的是为读者列出在申请大学时不受欢迎的行为。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据● Communication部分中的“Silly or stupid email addresses; sending emails that use texting shorthand, such as “im w8ing 4 somel 2 call me.”可知，使用不合适的和不完整的语言会给招生人员留下不好的印象。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据● Over-involved parents部分中的“Parents attending interviews, and worse yet, speaking for their children.”可知，父母不应该在面试中为代替孩子回答问题。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作目的两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Whether you are a national or an international student, we welcome you to Middletown University. Our reputation is built on providing high-quality education in both academic and vocational (职业的) subjects. As well as priding ourselves on our traditional face-to-face learning, we have recently introduced a range of distance-learning courses. What do they cost?

Costs for our coursers vary considerably. Click on each department's homepage for more information. Scholarships and bursaries an available for certain courses, particularly for those in the sciences and education. SAMPLE COURSE OVERVIEW BA in English Language and Literature

The main purpose of this course is to develop your ability to describe, analyze and manipulate features of the English language, and to see how these are expressed in literature. As well as taking core modules which cover these areas, students will be able to specialize in their fields of interest.

Duration: three-year course Course: Choose 12 out of 20 modules.

Weekly timetable: eight hours of lectures/four hours of seminars

Assessment: essays, exams and an 8,000-word dissertation at the end of the third year Requirements: academic experience and interest in the subject; good school-exam grades Diploma in teaching

In the first term, you will learn about the theory of teaching and how to be an effective teacher. In the second term, you will also begin teaching in a school. The third term is completely practical. Duration: one-year course

Course: Choose six out of ten modules (three are compulsory).

Weekly timetable: six hours of lectures/ two hours of seminars/ six hours of classroom teaching Assessment: combination of essays and classroom observation Requirement: first degree in specific subject area （1）What is Middletown University famous for?

A. Academic and vocational education. B. Traditional teaching methods. C. Distance-learning courses. D. Face-to-face communication. （2）What do the two sample courses have in common? A. They both last for three years.

B. They both require students to hand in essays. C. They both offer total freedom to choose modules. D. They both favor students with interest in the subject. （3）What is the main purpose of the text? A. To advertise certain online courses. B. To stress the need for distance learning. C. To introduce distance-learning techniques. D. To suggest a way of pursuing further education. 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，一所大学就该校最近开设的在线课程就行了简单的介绍，包括课程目的，时长，评价，要求等。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Our reputation is built on providing high-quality education in both academic and vocational (职业的) subjects.“可知，这所大学因为在学术和职业课程上提供高质量的教学而获得名誉，即它以高质量的学术和职业教学而出名。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据BA in English Language and Literature部分中的”Assessment: essays, exams and an 8,000-word dissertation at the end of the third year“和Diploma in teaching 部分中的”Assessment: combination of essays and classroom observation“可知这两门课程的共同点是都需要提交文章。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”As well as priding ourselves on our traditional face-to-face learning, we have recently introduced a range of distance-learning courses.“我们在提供传功课程的同时也提供了大量的在线课程，以及下文所叙述的两种课程的课程内容，时长，评价和要求等，可推测本文的主要目的是为一些在线课程打广告。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Volunteer Opportunities

Ring the bells

The Salvation Army needs bell ringers for its annual Red Kettle Christmas Campaign. Two hour shifts begin on Nov.12 and run Mondays through Saturdays. Volunteers can contact Jim Evers at jimevers@usc.salvationarmy.org or at 7-0962, or sign up online at ringbels.org. Read to children

Join the United Way and Child Care Aware in supporting the development and learning of

young children. Volunteers are needed to spend 30 minutes a week reading to children and guiding related activities using literacy kits（识字工具包）provided by Childcare Aware of Eastern Kansas .A two-hour literacy training will be provided. To ensure continuity for the children in the program, we are asking that volunteers make a six-month commitment. Please contact Shelly at 865-5030, ext.301 or at volunteer@unitedwaydgco.org. Garden with a neighbor

Douglas Country Housing Inc. is looking for volunteers to assist a senior man in need of help with an overgrown garden before winter arrives. One to two hours of your time will make a huge difference in someone's quality of life. No previous gardening experience is required. Please e-mail rsovista@ldcha.org or call 842-1533. Feed your friends

Just food fights hunger in our community. Help Just Food kick off the holiday season by packing. Thanksgiving meal boxes for families in need. Every year Just Food provides Thanksgiving meals to families in Douglas Country that will otherwise go without. Your help is needed for distributing these meals in advance of Thanksgiving. Help is needed on the following days and times: 9 a. m. –7 p. m. Monday, Nov. 21. 9 a. m. –7 p. m. Tuesday, Nov. 22.

The maximum number of volunteers is 15 at a time. To sign up, click here. （1）What should people do if they choose to read to children? A. Get trained. B. Make a plan.

C. Promise to teach devotedly. D. Work 30 minutes a day. （2）If you like to help with gardening, you can get in touch with ________. A. They take place on holiday. B. They can be reached by phone. C. They are about seeking volunteers. D. They need some experience. （3）What do the four activities have in common?

A. They take place on holiday. B. They can be reached by phone. C. They are about seeking volunteers. D. They need some experience. 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）C

【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四个志愿者的工作机会。并且详细的介绍了每项工作的具体内容，工作时间，联系方式等。

（1）考查细节理解题。由文中Read to children部分中的A two-hour literacy training will be provided可知，如果选择给孩子们读书就要接受一个小时的培训，故答案选A。

（2）考查细节理解题。由文Garden with a neighbor部分中的 Please e-mail rsovista@ldcha.org or call 842-1533.可知，如果你想在园艺方面做志愿者，可以发邮件或者打电话联系。故答案选B。

（3）考查推理判断题。这四项工作后面都留有联系方式，可知他们都是想招募志愿者。C选项正确。

【点评】英语阅读理解细节题具体方法与步骤：

①排除干扰项 ，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论

断，可先排除干扰项。

② 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example，first，second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。

③ 快速通篇跳读，自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。

④注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语，如同义词、近义词、代词等。

11．阅读理解

The annual World Economic Forum (经济论坛) took place in Davos, Switzerland, in Jan 23 -26, 2018. What did Chinese entrepreneurs (企业家) speak in the forum? Are there some quotable quotes for you?

Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of Alibaba Group

“I think globalization cannot be stopped --- no one can stop globalization, no one can stop trade. If trade stops, the world stops. Trade is the way to dissolve the war not cause the war,”said Ma in Davos, “Google, , Amazon and Alibaba we are the luckiest companies of this century. But we have the responsibility to have a good heart, and do something good.” Richard Liu, founder and chief executive officer of JD

“Business is not only a way to make money but also a way to contribute yourself, to help people,” Liu said in a speech in Davos.”How can we face the fractured (分化的) world? That's the topics of the Davos this year. I think a very important thing in business is cooperation. If we can unite, work together, (if) we work very closely, I think we can bring more hope to the people and we can build more trust between the people, countries and companies and partners,” he said. Jane Sun, CEO of Ctrip

“Tourism is a sunrise industry. Since I entered Ctrip, every year there are new comers, which, first of all, shows that tourism is booming.” Sun told Sina.com in Davos. “We invested heavily in ABC. A refers to AI, B is big data, and C is cloud computing. As we continue to expand overseas, these three will be very good weapons for us. So we think those mean opportunity,” she said. Hu Xiaoming, president of Aliyun

“In 2018, people will see the development in various countries more closely connected with cloud computing. More manufacturing enterprises and financial institutions will start to use 'cloud', and cloud computing will increase the efficiency of technology and finance,” Hu told Xinhua in Davos.

（1）What do Chinese entrepreneurs like Jack Ma and Richard Liu focus more on? A. More huge jumps in profits. B. The joined efforts of mankind. C. Reducing production costs. D. The role of science in business. （2）What is the main business of Ctrip?

A. Tourism. B. The creation of AI. C. Computer. D. Financial service online. （3）What does Hu think will promote global economic development? A. Economy recovery. B. The World Economic Forum. C. Cloud computing. D. Financial efficiency.

【答案】（1）B （2）A （3）C

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国企业家在达沃斯论坛上发表的一些观点。

（1）推理判断题。根据Jack Ma中I think globalization cannot be stopped-no one can stop globalization, no one can stop trade.和Richard Liu中I think a very important thing in business is cooperation. If we can unite, work together, (if) we work very closely, I think we can bring more hope to the people and we can build more trust between the people, countries and companies and partners.可知这企业家更关注合作和人类的共同努力，故答案选B。 （2）细节推理题。根据Jane Sun中Tourism is a sunrise industry. Since I entered Ctrip, every year there are new comers, which, first of all, shows that tourism is booming.可知Ctrip的主要业务是旅游业，故答案选A。

（3）细节推理题。根据最后一部分In 2018, people will see the development in various countries more closely connected with cloud computing. More manufacturing enterprises and financial institutions will start to use 'cloud'. And cloud computing will increase the efficiency of technology and finance可知各个国家的发展与云计算有着更紧密的联系，云计算将提高技术和金融的效率。故答案选C

【点评】新闻报道类阅读理解的解题技巧

1）仔细阅读导语，掌握新闻主旨：导语(即文章的第一句话或第一自然段)往往是对整篇文章的高度概括，正文部分则对导语展开叙述，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。2）运用查读的方法明确新闻的细节：根据题干的关键词，采用查读的方法搜寻所考查的细节描述，然后与选项进行比较，最后确定答案。3）把握文章基本框架，抓住长句和难句的主干：在阅读新闻报道类文章时，首先要了解其基本框架结构，始终把重点放在文章最主要的内容上，不要被细枝末节、和主旨不相关的难句所迷惑。其次，检测的关键句常常是长句或者含有习语、难词的句子。

12．阅读理解

The noise of chattering mouths subsided（平息）as the teacher entered classroom. “Good morning class. I am Riffat Monaf, and I will be your geography teacher.” Riffat Monaf, an interesting name and an even more interesting person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life.

Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes. It was in her class that I traveled to the highest mountains and to the deepest seas from the comfort of the classroom. I learned about the vast oceans, the erupting volcanoes, the snow-capped mountains and the green valleys. She would often relate her adventures about traveling to different parts of the world.

Never can I forget the glory of her face when she talks about how truly beautiful this world is. If I search back my love for the environment and geography, I find her to be the source of my love for preserving nature. If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll thank her for it.

Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students “my children”. Mrs Monaf's morals and values rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her advice into consideration. She has been one of the most consistently good things in my life. Currently, she is fighting a battle against breast cancer, and it pains me to know that after all she has done for me; I can do nothing for her except pray. Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she has been in my life. .

（1）What can we learn from the second paragraph?

A. The writer traveled a lot. B. Mrs Monaf was a learned person. C. The writer did well at school. D. Mrs Monaf enjoyed telling stories. （2）The underlined word “rubbed off” means .

A. moved B. shocked C. influenced D. defeated （3）What do we know from the last paragraph?

A. Mrs. Monaf was an optimistic person. B. Breast cancer made Mrs. Monaf upset. C. Another great person may appear in my life. D. Praying for Mrs. Monaf made the writer tremble.

（4）What would be the best title for the passage?

A. My Interesting School Life B. The Teacher-student Friendship C. An Influential Person in My Life D. Brave Fight Against Breast Cancer 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）A （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了生命中有影响力的人。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes”.可知Mrs Monaf是一个有学问的人。故选B。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll thank her for it. ”如果有一天我成为了环保主义者，我知道我会感谢她的。；“Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students ‘my children’”.除此之外，她总是张开双臂欢迎我，她称她的学生为“我的孩子”。；“ Mrs Monaf's morals and values rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her advice into consideration.”Mrs Monaf'的道德和价值观深深地影响了我，我也一直把她的建议考虑进去。由此可推知划线部分的意思是“影响”，故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she has been in my life. ”可知Mrs. Monaf是一个乐观的人。故选A。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Riffat Monaf, an interesting name and an even more

interesting person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life.”可知讲述的是“我生命中有影响力的人”。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行分逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

Throughout history, artist, inventors, writers and scientists have solved problems in their dreams. Now, let's have a look together at some of them. ⒈Paul McCartney Found Yesterday in a dream

Paul McCartney is one of the most famous singers/songwriters of all time. According to the Guinness Book of Records, his Beatles song Yesterday(1965) has the most cover（翻唱） versions of any song ever written and, according to record label BMI，was performed over seven million times in the 20th century.

The tune for Yesterday came to Paul McCartney in a dream.

“I woke up with a lovely tune in my head. I thought, 'That's great, I wonder what that is?' There was an upright piano next to me, to the right of my bed by the window. I got out of bed, sat at the piano, found G, found F sharp minor---- and that leads you through then to B to E minor, and finally back to E. It all leads forward logically. I liked the melody a lot, but because I'd dreamed it, I couldn't believe I'd written it. I thought, 'No, I've never written anything like this before.' But I had the tune, which was the most magic thing! ” ⒉Mary Shelley's Frankentein Inspired by a Dream

In the summer of 1816, nineteen-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin and her lover, the poet Percy Shelley (whom she married later that year), visited the poet Lord Byron at his villa beside Lake Geneva in Switzerland. Stormy weather frequently forced them indoors, where they and Byron's other guests sometimes read from a volume of ghost stories. One evening, Byron challenged his guests to each write one themselves.

Mary's story, inspired by a dream, became Frankentein（科学怪人）.

“When I placed my head upon my pillow, I did not sleep, nor could I be said to think----My eyes shut ,I saw------with my acute mental vision----the pale student of unholy arts kneeling beside the thing he had put together. I saw the ugly figure of a man stretch out, and then, on the working of some powerful engine, show signs of life, and tremble with an uneasy motion, extremely frightful. The next morning I announced that I had thought of a story. I began that day with the words, 'It was on a dull night of November', making only a transcript(文字稿) of the cruel terror of my waking dream.”

（1）We can learn from the whole passage that_________.

A. Some great stories, poems and songs were created while their writers slept B. Paul McCartney likes writing songs in dreams

C. Frankentein was written by Byron's guests D. Byron was an ugly frightful Frankentein （2）The underlined word“melody”has the similar meaning of _______. A. dream B. song C. tune D. instrument

（3）Which is the best title of the whole passage?

A. The Greatest writers B. The most famous song and story C. Great dreams that come true D. How to dream 【答案】（1）A （2）C （3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，纵观历史，很多艺术家、发明家、作家和科学家都曾经在梦中解决问题。本文举例讲述了两个梦境成真的故事。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Throughout history, artist, inventors, writers and scientists have solved problems in their dreams. Now, let's have a look together at some of them.”可知，很多艺术家、发明家、作家和科学家都曾经在梦中解决问题。因此可知，一些伟大的故事，诗歌和歌曲是在作家睡觉的时候创作的。故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据 ⒈Paul McCartney Found Yesterday in a dream部分中的“I woke up with a lovely tune in my head.”可知，“我”醒来脑海中还有那可爱的旋律，结合下文的叙述，我身边正好有钢琴，我下了床，坐在钢琴边，谱出了曲子合乎逻辑，因此可知，此处表示我非常喜欢这个曲调。melody指的是曲调。故选C。

（3）考查主旨大意。根据开篇所说，结合下面的举例可推知，文章主要是在讲梦想照进现实，梦在现实中成真了。因此推断C项“好梦成真”为最佳标题。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

14．阅读理解

What do Leonardo da Vincii, Marie Curie, and Albert Einstein have in common? They were all left-handed, along with other famous people including Brad Pitt Prince William, and Barack Obama. In fact, an estimated 13 percent of the world's population may be left-handed and still most people around the world are right-handed.

What makes a person become right-handed rather than left-handed? As yet no one really knows for sure. One simple idea suggests that people normally get right-handedness from their parents. Studies have found that two right-handed parents have only a 9.5 percent chance of having a left-handed child, whereas two left-handed parents have a 26 percent chance of having a left-handed child. Another common theory is that left-handed people suffer mild brain damage during birth, which makes them left-handed. However, if this theory were true, it would not explain why the percentage of left-banded people is so similar in every society, when birth conditions vary so much from society to society.

Whatever the reasons behind it, people's attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. Statistics show that although 13 percent of young people (10-20 years old) are left-handed, only 6 percent of the elderly are left-handed. Left-handed children used to be punished until they began using their right hand like other children, but today people who are left-handed are no longer looked down on nor are they considered abnormal. For most people

today, either case is perfectly acceptable. （1）What makes one right-handed?

A. The environment. B. Mild brain damage during birth. C. The reason is uncertain. D. Other people.

（2）Why is the number of young people who are left-handed bigger than that of the elderly? A. Because the elderly are forced to become right-handed. B. Because left-handed people are considered abnormal.

C. Because left-handedness can be cured. D. Because the young are easily damaged. （3）What does the text mainly talk about?

A. Left-handed people are looked down upon. B. General facts about left-handed people. C. Some famous left-handed people. D. The reasons why people are left-handed. 【答案】（1）C （2）B （3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，关于左撇子现象作者进行了介绍和说明。 （1）考查细节理解。第二段中讲了很多右手的使用比左手平常的可能性原因，根据” As yet no one really knows for sure.”可知，虽然对于右手的使用比左手更为普遍这一现象有不同猜测，但是原因不明。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段“Statistics show that although 13 percent of young people (10-20 years old) are left-handed, only 6 percent of the elderly are left-handed. Left-handed children used to be punished until they began using their right hand like other children, but today people who are left-handed are no longer looked down on nor are they considered abnormal.”可知，以前的左撇子孩子都会受到鄙视或者被认为是不正常的，所以，那一代的孩子会被惩罚直到他们改变这样的习惯，但是，现在人们的态度已经转变了。故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。本文以客观、中立的态度描写了关于“左撇子”的一些事实，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

15．阅读理解

Little New Year (Chinese: Xiaonian), usually a week before the lunar New Year, falls on Feb 8 this year. It is also known as the Festival of the Kitchen God, the deity(神) who oversees the moral character of each household. Here are six things you should know about the Little New Year, another sign of the start of spring. ⒈Offer sacrifices to Kitchen God

One of the most distinctive traditions of the Little New Year is the burning of a paper image of the Kitchen God, who will report on the family's conduct over the past year. The offerings to the Kitchen God include pig's head, fish, sweet bean paste, melons, fruit, boiled dumplings, barley sugar, and Guandong candy, a sticky treat made out of glutinous millet and sprouted wheat. Most of the offerings are sweets of various varieties. It is thought that this will seal the Kitchen God's mouth and encourage him to only say good things about the family when he ascends to heaven

to make his report. ⒉House cleaning

According to Chinese folk beliefs, during the last month of the year ghosts and deities must choose either to return to Heaven or to stay on Earth. It is believed that in order to ensure the ghosts and deities' timely departure people must thoroughly clean both their persons and their houses, down to every last drawer and cupboard. ⒊Eat Guandong candy

Guandong candy, a sticky treat made out of glutinous millet and sprouted wheat, is a traditional snack that Chinese people eat on the Festival of the Kitchen God. ⒋Paste paper-cuts to windows

In the Little New Year, old couplets and paper-cuts from the previous Spring Festival are taken down, and new window decorations, New Year's posters, and auspicious(吉利的) decorations are pasted up.

⒌Bath and hair-cut

As the old Chinese saying goes, whether they're rich or poor, people often have a haircut before the Spring Festival. The activity of taking bath and haircut is often taken on the Little New Year.

⒍Preparations for Spring Festival

People start to stock up necessary provisions for the Spring Festival since the Little New Year. Everything needed to make offerings to the ancestors, entertain guests, and feed the family over the long holiday must be purchased in advance.

（1）What is the most unusual tradition in the Little New Year?

A. Offering sacrifices to the Kitchen God B. Burning paper image of Kitchen God C. Preparing the necessity for the New Year D. Cleaning house and people themselves （2）What is the Kitchen God's duty in the man's world?

A. Collecting the information of the man's world B. Protecting the character of each home C. Gathering sacrifices for other Gods in heaven D. Overseeing the moral people in the world （3）Why are most of the offerings sweets?

A. Because the Kitchen God loves sweet foods. B. As it is the traditional customs. C. As people hope the God says good for them. D. Because sweets are the best sacrifices. （4）Which of the following statements is probably TRUE according to the passage? A. Little New Year always falls in February. B. House cleaning is to welcome the New Year. C. In the Little New Year only paper-cuts are pasted up. D. People will make full preparations for the coming New Year. 【答案】（1）B （2）D （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国Little New Year的六种民间习俗，“小年”也预示着春季的开始。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“One of the most distinctive traditions of the Little New

Year is the burning of a paper image of the Kitchen God,”可知，小年夜最与众不同的传统之一是烧灶神像。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“it is also known as the Festival of the Kitchen God, the deity(神) who oversees the moral character of each household.”可知，灶神在人间的职责是监管各家各户。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It is thought that this will seal the Kitchen God's mouth and encourage him to only say good things about the family when he ascends to heaven to make his report.”可知，人们用甜品贡灶神是为了让灶神替他们在天上美言。故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第一段“…falls on Feb 8 this year.”可知A项不正确，根据第三段中的“It is believed that in order to ensure the ghosts and deities' timely departure people must thoroughly clean…”可知B项不正确，根据第五段可知C项不正确，根据最后一段可知D项正确，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

16．阅读理解

It was when I was walking to my office, trailed by three young people whose ages ranged from 16 to 25, flowing down the corridor behind me like the tail of a kite, that I thought of it for the first time.

This could be because I am not actually a mother. Until recently, I was not a \"real\" stepmother either. But I have been living with the man who is now my husband, Bernardo for 10 years and in those 10 years, not only have his younger daughters spent every other weekend and half of their school holiday with us but also his son has lived with us full-time. In fact, when Bernardo asked me to move in, he asked his son for permission first.

Being a step mum is hard enough but being a sort-of-step-mother is about the most awkward position a mature woman can find herself in. With my sort-of-steppies, I have occupied a place of influence, power and sometimes extreme anger by turns. I have stepped on a delicate path between being a grown-up friend, a bridge of influence with their father, the woman of the house, and a figure of authority – but not too much.

Love the kids or hate them, you must always remember that no matter how much you cook, clean, hug, comfort and discipline, you will never actually count.

To survive, I trained myself to love the stepkids as hard as I could, but not to care. It's a handy piece of good mental health trickery I recommend to anyone in my position. I can help with homework, yes, but not bother about the results of that homework. I can teach them good manners, but not care about the bad habits they learn at home. Semi-detached is the position. （1）Which of the following is true about Bernardo?

A. Bernardo seldom cares about the kids. B. Bernardo dislikes living with his kids.

C. Bernardo respects the opinion of his kids. D. Bernardo doesn't recognize his wife as a \"real\" stepmother.

（2）What does the author think of her role in the family?

A. She was totally favored by the kids. B. She has acted as an enemy of the kids.

C. She didn't have any influence in the family. D. She was the communication bridge between kids and their father.

（3）What's the author's advice for stepmothers in the last paragraph? A. Be partly engaged in kids' life. B. Care little about kids' behavior.

C. Seldom get involved in kids' homework. D. Become the absolute authority of the family. 【答案】（1）C （2）D （3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作为一个继母应该如何与孩子相处才是一个适当的度。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“In fact, when Bernardo asked me to move in, he asked his son for permission first.”Bernardo再婚让妻子搬进家里，还要征求孩子们的同意，由此可推断出Bernardo尊重孩子的意见。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“I have stepped on a delicate path between being a grown-up friend, a bridge of influence with their father, the woman of the house, and a figure of authority ...”我走上了一条微妙的道路，既是成年孩子的朋友，又是孩子与父亲的之间影响的桥梁，既是家里的女主人，又是权威人物…”故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It's a handy piece of good mental health trickery I recommend to anyone in my position. I can help with homework, yes, but not bother about the results of that homework. I can teach them good manners, but not care about the bad habits they learn at home. Semi-detached is the position.”可知，作者对于继母的建议就是部分地参与到孩子们的生活中。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

17．阅读理解

The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the \"Gaokao\" exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its undergraduate courses in 2019. High school students who complete the \"National Higher Education Entrance Examination\or Gaokao, with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman.

Gaokao is usually taken by students in their last year of senior high school and, every year, each province in China sets the grades required to gain admission to its universities. It is usually held across China in early June. Students are tested in Chinese, Mathematics, a Foreign Language and social sciences or natural sciences.

University of Birmingham Vice-Chancellor Professor Sir David Eastwood said: \"The University of Birmingham has been challenging and developing great minds for more than a century. We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community. We are further opening access to

Birmingham's wealth of education opportunities for the brightest and most dedicated Chinese students by accepting this strict and important qualification. I look forward to welcoming these high-flying students to the University of Birmingham. \"

Gaokao is increasingly accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Birmingham will only be considering high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language requirements.

Professor J on Frampton, Director of the University of Birmingham's China Institute said:\" The University of Birmingham has a long history of educating students from China and one of our most famous graduates is Li Siguang-the founding father of Chinese geology. I am delighted that the University is now accepting the Gaokao. This gives the brightest and best Chinese students an opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and experience the benefits of studying at a global Top 100 university, such as Birmingham. \"

（1）What do Chinese students have to do to enter the University of Birmingham before 2019? A. Go through a foundation year.

B. Prepare Birmingham degree programmes. C. Acquire the right to permanent residency.

D. Score over 800% of the university's qualification examination. （2）Who is the announcement intended for?

A. The foreign students in China. B. All people living in the UK. C. The students of the UK. D. Chinese students.

（3）Which of the following best explains \"integral\" underlined in paragraph 3? A. Complete. B. Necessary. C. Indifferent. D. Unimportant. （4）What does the text mainly talk about? A. The introduction to the \"Gaokao\" of China. B. The history of the University of Birmingham. C. The high quality students accepted by top universities. D. The University of Birmingham's admission to Gaokao. 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了世界一流大学——英国伯明翰大学从2019年起开始承认中国高考成绩，为更多的中国高水平学生提供更多到世界名校深造的机会。 （1）细节理解题。第一段倒数第一句“with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman.”可知在伯明翰大学承认高考成绩之前，中国学生需要进行一年的预科学习之后才能进入专业课程学习。故答案选A。

（2）推理判断题。第一段第一句“The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the \"Gaokao\" exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its. undergraduate courses in 2019.”可知伯明翰大学的通告主要针对中国学生发布的。故答案选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段划线部分句子“We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community.”句意：我们欢迎来自世界各地的人们来伯明翰学习，中国学生是我们教育和研究领域不可或缺的一部分。可知integral意思为“不可或缺的”，故答案选B。

（4）主旨大意题。本文介绍了世界一流大学——英国伯明翰大学从2019年起开始承认中国高考成绩，为更多的中国高水平学生提供更多到世界名校深造的机会。即伯明翰大学对高考成绩的承认，故答案选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

18．阅读理解

If conditions get bad enough, almost any kind of weather can become a storm.

Stormy weather can cause people to cancel their plans. It can cause major events to be postponed. And severe stormy weather can be dangerous to people, fortune and anima1. If you weather the storm, or ride out the storm, you survive and move on without harm or injury. For example, 1et's talk about Tornado Alley, the name for part of the central United States. During springtime, this area often has a large number of powerful tornadoes. People who live there are taught to shelter in the safest place they can find and wait for the storm to pass. People who live in Tornado Alley are used to weathering many storms!

You can also weather a storm, but it doesn't involve actual weather. “To weather the storm” can also mean to make it through a difficult experience or trying times. So, if the stock market(股市)crashes, you might have to weather a financial storm.

Often before a big storm, conditions are calm. The calm before the storm can happen anytime. It is the time before something bad happens. For example, at the beginning of a family reunion, the adults were all talking happily. But the older children knew it was just the calm before the storm. They've seen it happen before. The adults talk happily for about an hour. Then they start arguing about events from the past—things that should really stay buried!

But after the storm begins and you find yourself in the middle of it, you are in the eye of the storm. In the world of weather, the eye of the storm is the calmest part, in the center of a hurricane, for example. However, in the English language, if you are in the eye of the storm, you are in the most intense part of a conflict. For example, she had no idea that walking into the meeting would put her in the eye of the storm.

However, a brainstorm does not exist in the world of weather. To brainstorm means to try to solve a problem by talking with other people. And don't worry. If we have trouble thinking of an idea for the next program, we can always brainstorm with you! （1）What's mainly discussed in the 3rd and 4th paragraphs? A. What the meanings of weathering the storm are. B. How we can weather the storm.

C. Weathering a storm doesn't involve actual weather. D. People in Tornado Alley can survive the storm.

（2）Why does the author mention a family reunion in the fifth paragraph? A. To stress the importance of weather forecast. B. To develop the awareness of family. C. To explain the meaning of an expression. D. To praise the older children for being clever.

（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. A problem can't be solved if you worry too much. B. A brainstorm often appears in the world of weather. C. Difficulties can be dealt with by teamwork. D. To brainstorm can cause troubles in the program. （4）What's the author's purpose in writing the text? A. To tell us stormy weather can cause destruction. B. To tell us some expressions about storm. C. To tell us a storm can cause conflicts. D. To tell us we should be ready for a storm. 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个英语中与“风暴”有关的表达。 （1）段落大意题。第三段第一句“If you weather the storm，or ride out the storm，you survive and move on without harm or injury. ”可知本段讲述weather the storm或者ride out the storm指安全度过；和第四段最后一句“To weather the storm can also mean to make it through a difficult experience or trying times. 可知第四段讲述To weather the storm指度过难关。故可知第三四段主要讲述weather the storm的意义是什么。故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“The calm before the storm can happen anytime. It is the time before something bad happens. ”可知暴风雨前的宁静任何事都可能发生，这是一段某些不好的事情将要发生的时间。接着作者用家庭聚会作为例子来解释这一种说法的含义，故选C。

（3）推理判断题。最后一段第二句“To brainstorm means to try to solve a problem by talking with other people. ”可知头脑风暴的意思是尝试通过与他人交流来解决一个问题，即困难可以通过团队合作来解决，故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。根据文章内容，如第五段提到暴风雨前的宁静，第六段讲 “in the eye of the storm”处于风口浪尖上，最后一段说明“brainstorm”头脑风暴，可知文章主要介绍与“风暴”有关的表达， 故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及段落大意，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

19．阅读理解

Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How to Get to Holker

By Car: Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6, M6.Approximale travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester----1 hour 30 minutes.

By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports. Opening Times

Sunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November. Admission Charges

Hall & Gardens Gardens £8.00 £5.5 Adults: £12.00 Groups £9 Special Events Producers: Market 13th April

Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.

Holker Garden Festival 30th May

The event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening. National Garden Day 28th August

Holker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide. Winter Market 8th November

This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.

（1）How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester? A. 20 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C. 45 minutes. D. 90 minutes. （2）How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens? A. ￡12.00. B. ￡9.00. C. ￡8.0. D. ￡5.50. （3）Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show? A. Producers' Market. B. Holker Garden Festival. C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market. 【答案】（1）D （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了去Holker Hall& Garden 旅游的相关信息，如：出行方式，开放时间，旅行费用以及主要活动等。

（1）考查细节理解。根据How to Get to Holker部分中By car里的“Approximate travel times”

面内容可知，从Manchester到Holker要用1 hour and 30 minutes，即90分钟，故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据Admission Charges可知，团体中的一员去Hall & Gardens 需要支付9英镑。故选B。

（3）考查细节理题。根据Winter Market部分中的“Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.”可知，如果想去看现场表演需要去Winter Market。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇旅游指南，要求考准确在捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

20．阅读理解

A bunch of strangers showed up at the gym in the early morning of the last Sunday of April. A few athletes were already stretching their arms, but most of us could barely focus. As I was burning off last night's wrong decision—a big meal, I spotted a poster about a gym's 21-day workout challenge, and I immediately signed up. I always wanted to train for a marathon, so I considered this as my warm-up. Besides, I needed to stop being lazy and this was my chance to make a change.

It was easy to promise on paper, but three weeks of recommended exercise routines and diet restrictions wouldn't be easy. I stuck to working out 30 minutes a day, and I didn't disturb my normal routine. Instead, I had to be faced with the tough work of being more creative in my spare time, thus breaking some bad habits.

Overcoming weaknesses with willpower was my goal for the next part of the journey. But the difficult part about making a challenge is realizing that \"wanting\" and \"doing\" are two very different things. Just like a career, you have to physically work for it rather than just wait for it to happen. But that's hard. Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising. However, finally I overcame that negative thought and kept working out.

At the end of the challenge, I learned something even more important: Feeling the results is better than seeing them. I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. I even felt a little smarter as I researched which foods were better for my body, and learned how to make healthier meals. I felt a sense of accomplishment, too, because even though I wanted to give up dozens of times, I didn't. I felt my waist got smaller and my arms got stronger, and I no longer felt guilty after having a piece of cake or a drink. （1）What was the author's wrong decision?

A. Going to the gym early. B. Training for a marathon. C. Eating a lot the previous night. D. Stopping being lazy for a change. （2）What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A.Some of the author's bad habits.

B.Some ways of the author's killing his spare time. C.The importance of sticking to the normal daily routine. D.The difficulty of the author's keeping on with the workout plan.

（3）What does the underlined word \"sabotage\" in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A.Prevent. B.Hear. C.Improve. D.Distinguish.

（4）What did the author learn from the workout challenge? A.Eating healthy food is more important than exercising. B.Overcoming a challenge could bring good feelings to him. C.It's more important to see what he likes than just feel it. D.There was no need to feel guilty about things he disliked to do. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一张宣传健身锻炼的海报让作者开始马拉松的热身。虽然三个星期的锻炼计划和饮食是很难坚持的，但是作者坚持每天锻炼。最后，锻炼给作者带来了好心情。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“As I was burning off last night's wrong decision—a big meal, I spotted a poster about a gym's 21-day workout challenge”可知，昨晚我做了一个错误的决定：吃了一顿大餐。因此作者的错误决定是前一天晚上吃得很多。故选C。

（2）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“It was easy to promise on paper, but three weeks of recommended exercise routines and diet restrictions wouldn't be easy.”可知，将承诺写在纸上是很容易的，但是坚持三个星期的锻炼和饮食并不容易。因此该段的主要内容是作者坚持锻炼计划的困难。故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising.”中的and前后两句是承接关系，and前面说的是“在这21天里，我经常告诉自己，挑战是没有意义的。” 由“However, finally I overcame that negative thought and kept working out.”可知，然而我终于克服了这种消极的想法继续锻炼。however前后的内容是转折关系。因此可以推断出and后面的内容是“不想再锻炼下去”，故选A。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段的“At the end of the challenge, I learned something even more important: I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. I even felt a little smarter …I felt a sense of accomplishment…I felt my waist got smaller and my arms got stronger, and I no longer felt guilty after having a piece of cake or a drink.”可知，在锻炼的最后我头痛少了，精力充沛了，而且更快乐。我甚至觉得自己更聪明了也有一种成就感，我觉得我的腰变小了，胳膊变壮了，吃了一块蛋糕或一杯饮料后，我不再感到内疚。因此作者感受到了克服运动挑战能给他带来好心情。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。