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语法填空中的词类转化题
作者：万静
来源：《广东教育·高中》2011年第11期
一、考点分析
在近五年的广东高考语法填空中，每年都考查了词类转换题，这是一个必考点。因此，我们在复习备考中要引起重视，根据该词在句中所作的句子成分，五年来共考查了三种情况： 1. 形容词变成副词
在句中修饰动词、形容词，或另一副词，作状语，要用副词形式。
[例1]（2007广东卷）We drank together and talked 38 （merry）till far into the night. 答案：merrily
解析：修饰动词talked，作状语，用副词形式merrily。
[例2](2010广东卷) His teacher took a deep drink, smiled 34 （warm）, and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. 答案：warmly
解析：修饰动词smiled，作状语，用副词形式warmly。 [例3]（2011广东卷）He must be20(mental) disabled. 答案: mentally
解析：修饰后面的形容词disabled，作状语，用副词形式mentally。 2. 动词变成名词
在句中作主语或者宾语，要用名词形式。
[例4]（2009广东卷）But Jane knew from past experience that her36choose）of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 答案：choice
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解析：括号中所给的词choose 虽然是动词，但在句中作主语，应当填choose的名词形式choice。顺便提提，在形容词性物主代词后通常要接名词。 3. 名词变成形容词，在句中作表语，定语或补语
[例5]（2008广东卷） This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their39(nature) course. 答案：natural
解析：在名词course前作定语，应当用形容词natural。
虽然近几年的高考中仅仅只考查了这三种变化，但是根据句子意思和前后逻辑关系，名词变动词，以及词义转换，词类不变，如在词根前加un-, il-, im-, 在词根后加-less，-ness，-ment等情况，在考试中也是有可能会出现的，所以在平时的复习中，也应当注意。 二、模拟演练
1. Her《》35(curious) got the best of her(2010惠州一模) 2. As a result, many children are becoming less
20 (depend), determined and ambitions than in the past. (2012惠州一调) 3. They are happy as long as I perform 23(wonder) in my exams. (2012惠州一调)
4. Now, the merchant’s first wife is a very loyal partner and has made great 8 (contribute) in maintaining his wealth.(2011茂名一模)
5. In order to avenge his father’s19 (die), Fu let him live in a shabby stone house by his father’s tomb.(2011清远一模)
6. Here is Moorehouse’s18 （describe) of her unbelievable flight. (2011佛山二模)
7. At one time I was far above the church towers, and seemed to be carried at a 21(distance) place. (2011佛山二模)
8. And maybe the most famous25 (treat), having someone scare you, also helps beat the hiccups.(2011广州二模)
9. There are 21 (comfort) feelings, often as any kind of physical pain.(2011广州一模)
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10. Problems are the serious test that tells success from22 (fail). (2011广州一模)
11. English language is not an abstract system. Instead, it is a living form of25 (express).(2011揭阳一模)
12. With the wide16 (popular) of digital entertainment products, it is not uncommon to see people wearing headphones.(2011六校联考) 13. However, doctors warn that such behavior can 19 (potential) damage their hearing. (2011六校联考)
14.20 (apparent), although no one wants to be alone all the time, everyone needs some degree of privacy.(2011阳江一模)
15. That means that they are under an22 (usual) amount of pressure or stress. (2011阳江一模) 答案与解析
1. curiosity 在物主代词her的后面，要用名词形式；也可以这样判断：作主语，要用名词。curiosity意为“好奇心”。
2. independent 在系动词are becoming之后作表语，用形容词，与后面的形容词determined 和 ambitious构成并列表语；同时根据逻辑关系，应当用否定形式，故填independent，意为“自主的”。
3. wonderfully 修饰前面的动词perform，作状语，意为“不可思议地，极好地”。 4. contributions 在“动词(made)+形容词(great)”之后，用名词作宾语。意为“贡献”。 5. death 在名词所有格father’s之后，用名词，意为“死亡”。 6. description在名词所有格后用名词。
7. distant 在名place前作定语，用形容词。distant意为“遥远的”。 8. treatment 在句中作主语，用名词，意为“治疗方式”。
9. uncomfortable 在名词feelings前作定语，用形容词；根据逻辑关系，应当加上前缀 un-，意为“不舒服的”。
10. failure 作介词的宾语，要用名词，意为“失败”。
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11. expression作介词的宾语，要用名词。
12. popularity 作介词with的宾语，要用名词，意为“普及”。
13. potentially 修饰后面的动词damage，作状语，用副词。意为“潜在地，可能地”。 14. Apparently 在句首，修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词，意为“显然”。注意首字母要大写。
15. unusual 在冠词与名词之间，应当用形容词；根据上下文的逻辑，应当用否定形式，加上un-，意为“不寻常的，与众不同的”。 （作者单位：惠州市博罗县杨侨中学） 责任编校 蒋小青
