外研版九年级专题Module 3语法——形容词

形容词

一、形容词的构成 1. n + y —— adj 2. n + ing /ed —— adj 3. n +ful—— adj

cloud + y —— cloudy

surprise + ing—— surprising use+ ful ——useful

comfort + able —— comfortable

different——difference hope+ less—— hopeless act+ ive—— active

4. n/ v + able —— adj 5. (n.) ce ——t (adj) 6. n +less ——adj 7. V + ive ——adj 【例题】

1. I don’t like soap operas because I think they are ____________.(meaning) 2. Drivers should drive more slowly on ______ days.(rain) 3. The skirt is very _________, and Lucy really likes it.（beauty）

【注意】以-ly结尾的形容词 friendly (

) ) ) )

deadly( lively( silly(

) ) )

brotherly ( lovely( lonely(

【拓展】常见的形容词后缀

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后缀 意义 例词 _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ -n ...的; ....人的 的; 多·的 -y 充满·········材质的 -en ······-al 有......的属性 方向 -ern .....方位的; 朝······-able 可能的,可以的 的 -ful · · · ···的 -less 无·····【例题】

1. It is said that a ________ bridge will be built over the river in the mountain village soon.（wood）

2. In the ___________ Chinese calendar, each year is given a name of 12 kinds of animals.（tradition）

二、形容词排序

形容词在句中的位置，有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前，称为_____形容词；少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后，称为_____形容词。

1）当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时，形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为： （限定词__________）→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→颜色的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→（名词）。

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a beautiful small round old yellow French wooden reading room. 以这个例子编一句顺口溜： 美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。

如：There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village.

【例题】Mr Smith bought a＿＿＿purse for his wife.

A. small black new leather B. small new black leather C. leather small black new D. black small new leather

三、形容词的句法功能

概念：形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征，通常可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述

形容词两类，其位置______(一定 / 不一定) 都放在名词前面。

1. 性质形容词是直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词。

2. 叙述形容词只能作表语,不能做定语修饰名词，所以又称为_____形容词，这类形容词大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid， asleep, awake，alone等。

(1)位于名词前,作定语。 He is a successful pilot. This is really a stupid decision. 【例题】

1. It’s a _______. A. useful book 2. I like ________.

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B. book useful C. useful books D. books useful

A. interesting something B. something interesting

C. interesting anything D. anything interesting

【注意】

①形容词修饰由 some, any, every, no 和body, thing,one等构成的复合不定代词时,应放在复合不定代词_______(前面 / 后面)。 I have something important to tell you.

②表语形容词一般只放在__________ 之后作表语, 但是也可作定语，作定语时必须放在名词的______(前面 / 后面)。 Who is the greatest man alive?

(2)与连系动词连用,作表语。 He was absent from the party. That story sounds interesting.

【拓展】常见的连系动词：be，___________________________________等。

(3)放在主语或宾语之后用作宾语补足语，常与make，___________________等动词连用。 His success made him happy. We find it important to learn English well. 【例题】

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1. You can't sneeze and keep your eyes __________ at the same time. A. open B. opens C. opened D. opening 2. Your room is very dirty. You should keep it ______. A. clean B. dry C. quiet 3. Tom, you have to keep your room ______. A. to tidy B.tidying C. tidy D. tidied

（4）起名词作用

the+ adj. 表示一类人，常见的有：good, bad, rich, poor, young, old, blind等。他们作主语时谓语动词要用___________形式.

四、形容词的比较等级

（一）比较等级：原级、比较级和最高级 1. 规则变化 类别 构成方法 一般直接加-er,-est 原级 Long tall late large easy happy big hot 5

比较级 longer taller later larger easier happier bigger hotter 最高级 longest tallest latest largest easiest happiest biggest hottest 单音节词以不发音的e结尾时,加-r,-st 和少数双音节词 以辅音字母加y结尾时,把y变i,再加-er,-est 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一

个辅音字 母时,双写这一辅音字母,再加-er,-est 多音节词和部分双在原级前加 more,most 音节词

2. 不规则变化

原级 good/well many/much bad/ill little 比较级 better more worse less farther(较远) far further(较远;进一步) older(年纪较大的) old elder(较年长的)

（二）形容词比较等级的用法 1.形容词原级的用法

(1)说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用形容词原级。 The flowers in the garden are very beautiful.花园里的花很漂亮。

eldest(最年长的) furthest(最远;最大限度) oldest(年纪最大的) 最高级 best most worst least farthest(最远) careful beautiful more careful Most careful more beautiful most beautiful 6

【例题】

1. Your idea really sounds______(good).

2. Nothing in the world is________(possible)if you set your mind to do it. (2)当有副词 very,so,too,enough,quite 等修饰时用形容词原级。 The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。 【例题】

1. Fishing with Dad was so_______(bore) for little Sam that he almost fell asleep. (3)表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。 ①肯定句中的结构:\"A...+as+形容词原级+as+B\"

English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和汉语一样有趣。 【例题】

1. —I have three English dictionaries.

—I have nine. I have three times _______ you.

A. as much as B. as many as C. as little as D. less than ②否定句中的结构:\"A...+as/so+形容词原级+as+B\" This book isn't so new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。 【例题】

1. — Do you like western food?

—No. The food of our country is ________ that of western countries. A. rather good than B. much better than C. more better than D. so good as

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【注意】否定句的结构中,部分双音节和多音节形容词除使用“not...as/so+形容词原级+as\"结构外,还可使用“less+形容词原级+than\"结构。

He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.他认为汉语没有英语有趣。 ③表示\"A是B的.倍”时,用“A +倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B\"结构。

Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。 ④half as+形容词原级+as\"表示“ 是..的一半”。

Her room is half as big as yours.她的房间是你房间的一半大。 2.形容词比较级的用法

(1)表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为\"A...+比较级+than+B\" Lily's room is bigger than mine.莉莉的房间比我的房间大。 【例题】---How about the dishes?

---Fantastic! Nothing tastes__________.

A. nice B. better C. terrible D. worse

(2)有表示程度的副词 a little,a bit,a great deal,a lot,much, even, still, far等修饰形容词时,该形容词可以用比较级。

It is much colder today than yesterday.今天比昨天冷得多。 【例题】

1. We have sent some books to the children in that village. However, they still need_____(many)books.

2. Now the air in our city is _______ than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it.

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A. very good B. much better C. rather bad D. even worse

(3)表示在两者之间进行选择“哪一个更......\"时 , 用句型“\"Which/Who+be+形容词比较级, A or B?\"表示。

Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?谁更高,李明还是王涛? (4)表示“几倍于 \"时,用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。 【例题】你的房间是我的三倍大。（翻译）

Your room is_______ ________ ______ than mine. 【拓展】倍数表达法

① A is N times as great（long, much，…）as B. ② A is N-1 times greater （longer, more，…）than B. ③ A is N times the size （length, amount，…）of B.

以上三句都应译为：A的大小（长度，数量，……）是B的N倍. Our school is three times as big as theirs. 【例题】 这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍。

1. This book is ______ _______ _______ long as that one. 2. This book is________ _______ longer than that one. 3. This book is_______ _______ the length of that one. (5)表示“两者之间比较...的一个”时,常用“the+比较级+of\"结构。 【例题】

1. Mary is __________(tall) of the twins.

2. Mrs.Scott was worried about both of her sons,especially the______ (young)one. (6)表示“越来越 ..\用比较级重叠结构,即“比较级+and+比较级”,当形容词为多音节词或部分双

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音节词时,用“more and more+形容词原级\".

It's getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和了。 【例题】

1. The car is running ______. It seems to be flying. A. more and faster B. more and fast C. fast and fast D. faster and faster (7)表示“越.,就越..\"时,用“the+比较级...,the+比较级...\"结构。 【例题】

1. The _________ (careful )you are,the________ (many) points you will get. 2. The_______(much) you eat,the_______(fat) you will be. 3.形容词最高级的用法

(1)表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。形容词最高级前常加定冠词 the,句末常跟一个in/of 短语来表示范围。

Jack is the cleverest student in his class.杰克是他班上最聪明的学生。 【例题】

1. (2018·天津)Tianjin is one of ____ cities in China.

A. big B.bigger C.the biggest D.the bigger 2. The fifth orange is _______ of all. Give it to hat small child. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest 3. Allan is one of ______ popular teachers in the school. A. more B. the more C. most D. the most

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(2)表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时,用“Which/Who+be+the+最高级,A,B or C?”结构。 【例题】

1. Which city is _____________,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful

(3)表示“最......的之一”时,用\"one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构。 【例题】

1. Jay Chou is one of ___________(popular) singers.

2. I think that\"duang\"must be one of the_____(hot) words on the Internet this year. 3. Nanjing isn't so large as Shanghai;however,it's the second______(large)city in East China.

(4)形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,表示“第几最.......”。 【例题】

1. The Yellow River is the________ (two) longest river in China.

【拓展】“比较级+than+any other+单数名词+范围”或“比较级+than+the other+复数名词+范围”结构,形式上是比较级,但表示最高级的意义。 【例题】

1. He is taller than ________________student in class. =He is taller than_________________ students in class. 2. I think P.E. is ______ any other subject.

A. the more important B. the most important

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C.as important than D. as important as

【辨析】“比较级+than+any other+单数名词+范围” & “比较级+than+any +单数名词+范围”的区别

Hefei is bigger than any other city in Anhui Province. Hefei is bigger than any city in Shanxi Province.

总结：“比较级+than+any other+单数名词+范围 ”该句中主语本身________ 比较范围之中，因此是在同一范围就主语与其他任何一个进行比较。

“比较级+than+any +单数名词+范围”该句中主语________ 比较范围之内，因此主语可以和该范围内的任何一个作比较。 【例题】

1. She is nicer than ________ girl in her class. 2. She is nicer than _________ girl in her sister’s class.

【注意】形容词最高级前面可以用物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不能再用定冠词。

This is our best lesson today.这是我们今天最好的一节课。 五、形容词词义辨析 1.-ing 和-ed形容词的区别

-ing形容词 amazing 令人吃惊的 tiring 使人疲倦的 -ed形容词 amazed 吃惊的;惊愕的 tired 感到疲倦的 12

fascinating迷人的 fascinated着迷的 特点:表示主动意义,多指事特点:表示被动意义,多指人对事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物 物的感受,一般修饰人 【例题】

1. He has an _________(amaze) appetite for hard work. 2. I was _________(amaze) by the news of his sudden death. 3. We had a very ________(tie) trip last week. 4. I'm ________(tie) after finishing so much homework. 2.意近形容词的区别 ① farther 和 further

易混词 意义及用法说明 far的比较级,在谈论地点、方向或距离时,farther 和farther further 可以互换 far的比较级,表示“更多,进一步,额外”等含义,这时不further 能与 farther互换 【例题】

1. A table stood at the ________ end of the kitchen. 2. He went abroad for ________ study. ②older 和elder

易混词 意义及用法说明 常用于比较句型中,表示“较老的、较旧的、年纪较older 大的\"

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elder 【例题】

一般用于比较一家人的年龄长幼,意为“年长的” 1. Your bike is _________ than mine. 2. He's my ________ brother. ③black 和 dark

易混词 black dark 【例题】

1. The doors are painted ________. 2. This is a _______ house. ④good,well,fine,nice

易混词 意义及用法说明 形容词,作表语和定语,表示电影、书籍等某种东西的内容好,还good 可表示人品好、善良等 well 既是形容词又是副词,作形容词时,只作表语,指身体健康 fine 通常指天气好、气质好、发育好等 意义及用法说明 意思是“黑色(的)”,指颜色,其反义词是 white 意思是“暗、天黑、黑暗”,指无光 nice 往往指人、味道、言语、天气 等“令人喜悦的、讨人喜欢的” 【例题】

1. It's a _______ film.

2. Take the medicine three times a day, and you will be ________ soon. 3. What a _______ day today!

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4. The flowers smell ________. ⑤ill 和 sick

易混词 两个词都表示“病的,生病的”,都可sick 【例题】

1. He is not an _______ boy.

2. She has been ______ for two weeks. 2. The ________ woman is his aunt. 【补充】形容词既可以形容人也可以形容物 形容词 big colourful 意义 巨大的,重大的,严重的 色彩鲜艳的,有趣的 形容词 great heavy hot high huge 意义 大的,数量大的,伟大的 重的,工作(或活动)多的,猛烈的 热的,觉得闷(或燥、湿)热的,辛辣的 高的,地位高的 巨大的 大的,大规模的,大量的; crazy (发)疯的,神经病的,不理智的 large (服装、食物、日用品等)大型号的 different excellent

意义及用法说明 只能作表语,表示“生病的”;作定语时意为“坏 的”,相当于bad 可作定语,表示“生病的” ill 以作表语 comfortable 舒适的,愉快放松的,安逸的 cool correct 凉的,凉爽的,冷淡的 精确的,正确的,恰当的 与众不同,有区别的 优秀的,杰出的,(用以表示愉快light little 15

光亮的,浅色的,轻的 小的,微不足道的 或赞同)好极了 fair famous free fresh full pretty 公正地,公正的 著名的,出名的 免费的,自由的,随心所欲的 新鲜的,清新的,精力充沛的 满的,吃饱了的 漂亮的,可爱的 实际存在的,真的(非假冒的),real 名副其实的 nice noisy old rich quick attractive 令人愉快的,友好的,美好的 吵闹的,嘈杂的 旧的,老的 丰富的,富裕的 迅速的,敏捷的 迷人的,楚楚动人的 poor popular perfect bad 贫穷的,可怜的,劣质的 受欢迎的,当红的,通俗的 完美的,完全正确的 令人不快的,坏的,质量差的 perfect 完美的,完全正确的 lovely lively new great heavy hot 可爱的,美丽的 有活力的,活泼的,生动的 新的,新鲜的 大的,数量大的,伟大的 重的,工作(或活动)多的,猛烈的 热的,觉得闷(或燥、湿)热的,辛辣的 beautiful 美丽的,风和日丽的 awful 专项习题

糟糕的,极讨厌的,可怕的 【命题点1】形容词比较等级

1.I felt much ___ after I told the problems to my close friend. A.good B.well C.better D.best

2.There was a big fire yesterday. ___ ,no one was hurt. A.Luckily B.Loudly C.Angrily D.Badly

3.The boy broke the record.He runs ___ anyone else in his school.

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A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest

4.Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project.I'm sure he can do the work with ___ money and ___ people.

A.less;less B.fewer;more C.more;fewer D.less;fewer 5.My time in the middle school was one of ___ periods of my life. A.exciting B.more exciting C.the more exciting D.the most exciting 【命题点2】形容词辨析(含短语辨析)

1.(2019海南)Mr.Black's speech is ___ .It helps us have a better understanding of life. A.silly B.awful C.excellent

2.(2019福建)More and more people have realized that clear waters and green mountains are as ___ as mountains of gold and silver. A.central B.special C.valuable

3.(2019安徽)-The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away. -It's really___.

A.secret B.direct C.amazing D.traditional

4.(2019山西)When we read a piece of news online, we'd better make sure it's ___ before sending it to others.If not,we may spread something bad. A.true B.special C.strange

5.(2019天津)-Diana,I forget new words quickly. How can I remember them?

-Don't worry.It's to forget new words!I suggest you read the words and try to use them. A.rude B.exciting C.perfect D.natural

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6.(2019江苏扬州)-Tan Dun does not use any musical instruments in his music Water. -That's really amazing!He is so . A.energetic B.modest C.serious D.creative

7.(2019湖北武汉)-Why not ask Bob to join us in the trip to the zoo tomorrow? -Everyone in our group loves animals,but he always seems . A.anxious B.personal C.cruel D.careless

8.(2019江苏淮安)-What do you think of working as a doctor? -It's a good job to help people keep . A.busy B.strict C.healthy D.generous 9.(2019辽宁抚顺)-Tom speaks Chinese quite well now. -Yes,he has made progress in Chinese learning. A.common B.simple C.perfect D.rapid

10.(2019广西北部湾经济区)-Why is Mike so popular in your class? -Because he always tells jokes.He is . A.humorous B.polite C.honest D.friendly

11.(2019江苏无锡)-You haven't said a word since last Friday.What's wrong? -Nothing.Just leave me alone.

A.simple B.single C.similar D.silent 12.(2019湖北孝感)-How do you like this plan? 一 !It's just what I've been expecting.

A.Perfect B.Terrible C.Meaningless D.Awful

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13.(2019江苏连云港)While watching the _____ film yesterday,I couldn't stop laughing at some moments.

A.humorous B.challenging C.dangerous D.surprising

14.(2019浙江温州)The living room becomes as the sunlight comes in through the windows.

A.bigger B.cleaner C.quieter D.brighter

15.(2019山东日照)Just be ;you can't lose weight in a day. A.careful B.patient C.honest D.brave

16.(2019辽宁本溪)The Greens like the quietness in the countryside.The city is too for them.

A.comfortable B.dangerous C.noisy D.perfect 17.(2019湖北襄阳)-It's a good way to study English with a group. -That's true.I find it to improve our pronunciation. A.thankful B.harmful C.helpful D.careful

18.(2019西)-After the big exams,we can finally have a good rest. -How I a chance to have a trip!I can't wait. A.am worried about B.am thirsty for C.am good at

19.(2019云南昆明)The PLA Navy(中国人民海军)has been greatly helping keep world peace.As a Chinese,I am it.

A.responsible for B.proud of C.full of D.known for

20.(2019青海)We are all little Mary because she won the first place in the piano competition.

A.thankful to B.interested in C.proud of

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21.(2019 辽宁抚顺)Not only Chinese kids but also Western kids ___ Journey to the West. A.are famous for B.are afraid of C.are worried about D.are interested in

22.(2019 辽宁辽阳)The land is because it hasn't rained for several months. A.known for B.useful to C.harmful to D.thirsty for 【命题点3】 形容词的比较等级

1.(2019北京)Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is than her brother.

A. patient B.more patient C.most patient D.the most patient

2.(2019重庆A卷)Nobody worked the math problem out.It was___ one of all.

A.easier B.the easiest C.more difficult D.the most difficult

3.(2019广东)Fishing is one of activities among the middle-aged people. A.popular B.more popular C.most popular D.the most popular

4.(2019海南)Shanghai has a population than that in many other cities. A.large B.larger C.largest

5.(2019 河南)More and more people agree that expressions such as\"LOL\"and\"hahaha\" are making our speech more direct but____interesting and creative. A.less B.more C.the least D.the most

6.(2019 河北)The High Speed Rail is amazing.It makes travel___.

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A.easier B.harder C.higher D.slower

7.(2019 江西)-What do you think of the band's performance? -It could be .I think they're feeling very nervous. A.good B.better C.bad D.worse

8.(2019贵州贵阳)Everyone wants to win in the contest.But I think is to learn something and have fun.

A.the most important B.important C.more important

9.(2019湖南长沙)Of the two physics problems,Martha just finished one. A.the most difficult

B.the least difficult

C.the less difficult

10.(2019湖北黄冈)-Mike plays the drums so wonderfully! -Of course.He is than any other student in his class. A.talented C.less talented

B.more talented D.the most talented

11.(2019四川成都)Compared with newspapers or TV,the Internet offers people information. A.much

B.more

C.most

12.(2019湖北鄂州)-Paul,do you prefer weekdays or weekends? -Weekdays,of course.I'm___on weekends. A.busy

B.much busier

C.more busier D.the busiest

13.(2019湖北孝感)-There will be no winner in the trade war between China and the US. --I agree.If we can't avoid it,the relationship will get___ as time goes on. A.bad

B.badly C.worse D.worst

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14.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特)-He is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane. --What? I have never heard of idea before. A.a crazier B.the crazier C.a craziest

D.the craziest

15.(2019江苏苏州)The flying squirrel might be one of ___animals you could meet during the

trip.

A.strange B.stranger C.strangest D.the strangest

16.(2019山东青岛)To make rivers than before,everybody is supposed to protect them. A.dirty B.dirtier C.clean D.cleaner

17.(2019四川自贡)-I don't want this book because of the price.May I have another one? --How about this one?It is as interesting as that one and ___expensive. A.more B.less C.little

18.(2019江苏无锡)-Guess what?The university has accepted my application! -Wow!That's news I've heard this year.Boris!Let's celebrate! A. a worse B.the worst C.a better D.the best

19.(2019湖南邵阳)-Shaoyang has changed a lot in the past few years. -Yes.It is getting . A.clean B.cleaner C.cleanest

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