国家公共英语(四级)笔试模拟试卷236(题后含答案及解析)

国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷236 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. Use of English 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Writing

Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are THREE parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfe

PART ADirections: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.

听力原文： If you work in the business world, email is undoubtedly a big part of your life. Yet few of us who rely on email as a mode of communication even took a course in its proper use. Below are some tips for you to improve your digital messages and ensure that your electronic correspondence fosters good relations rather than hard feelings. 1. In an email message, never say something about someone else that you would not want that person to see. Keep in mind that email messages can be forwarded to anybody by the recipient. Therefore, never say something in an email that you would be embarrassed to have read back to you. 2. Get the most out of your subject line. Remember that aside from your name, the subject line of your email message is the first thing that a recipient will read. So it pays to take some time to think about your subject line. 3. Do use commonly accepted standards of manners in all email messages that you send. Avoid using all capital letters in your message, which may well give one the impression that you are screaming. In addition, be careful about any use of sarcasm or humor in your email messages. In writing, both sarcasm and humor can easily be misinterpreted. 4. Before sending an email message, consider whether email is the most effective form of communication for your purpose. In business settings, email is best used to convey key information, to confirm appointments, to document decisions, or to contact a decision maker directly. Avoid using an email message to begin a conversation that likely will require input from several people at the same time unless the decision-making process should be documented. Finally, remember the value of face-to-face conversation.

1．

正确答案：communication email

2．

正确答案：appointments

3．

正确答案：subject

4．

正确答案：capital

5．

正确答案：humor

PART BDirections: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below.

听力原文： Rhesus monkey, only 4 months old, has been taken from the shoulders of its mother and put into a small steel cage. Within minutes the fright in its little brown eyes softens into curiosity, and stepping carefully, the monkey makes its way across the cage. But when a man with a white hood over his head walks in and stops two feet away, the baby freezes. It pulls its body away from the cage and quietly looks the other way, appearing to ignore the man until, two minutes later, he leaves. “This is a very inhibited response,” says Dr. Judy Cameron, a neurobiologist and the director of the University of Pittsburgh’s primate laboratory, watching the monkey through an opening in a curtain. “Obviously, the intruder caused this animal a great deal of anxiety. “ More important, for Dr. Cameron’s purposes, the baby monkey can be compared to a highly anxious or depressed human child. Now researchers are putting a spotlight on teenage depression, hoping that by learning how the disorder takes root, they can find ways to keep it from growing into a weak condition and lifelong problem for 9. 5 percent of adults. The monkey studies, it is hoped, will add to the effort to make clear which aspects of brain function are involved in adolescent depression. In monkeys, depression is difficult to diagnose because, obviously, the animals cannot talk about feelings. Anxiety, though, is fairly easy to measure by observing behavior. “Now, we can do all sorts of studies with the anxious monkeys that are harder to do in humans,” Dr. Cameron said. “We can observe their behavior every day. We can take blood samples and look at their hormones. We can assess how they respond to stress. We can ask what’s different about their brains. And ultimately, we can search for genes that may explain people’s anxiety. “

6．

正确答案：curiosity

解析：考查考生对于具体细节信息的听辨能力。关键是该词的拼写，容易拼成“curious”或“curisity”。

7．

正确答案：human child

解析：此题考查考生对于具体信息的听辨能力。原句为“More important，for Dr．Cameron’s purposes，the baby monkey can be compared to a highly anxious or depressedhuman child．”既然是按照录音内容填空，就要忠实原文，光答“human”或是“child”都是不对的。

8．

正确答案：9.5 解析：本题考查考生对于具体数字信息的听辨能力。原句为“．．．hoping that by learninghow the disorder takes root，they can find ways to keep it from growing into a weakcondition and lifelong problem for 9.5 percent of adults．”问题和原句在句子顺序上有所不同，要注意辨析。

9．

正确答案：observing behavior 解析：本题考查考生对于具体信息的听辨能力。要注意动词的变化，是在“by”的后面，必须把“observe”改成“observing”。

10．

正确答案：genes 解析：本题考查考生对于具体细节信息的听辨能力。原句为“And ultimately，we cansearch for genes that may explain people’s anxiety．”关键是该词的拼写。另外，不要忘记该词必须以复数形式出现。

PART CDirections: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.

听力原文： What is it about Paris? For the last two centuries it has been the single most visited city in the world. Tourists still go for the art and the food, even if they have to brave the disdain of ticket-takers and waiters. Revolutionaries on the run, artists in search of the galleries and writers looking for the license to explore their inner selves went looking for people like themselves and created their own fields

filled with experimentation and constant arguments. Would worldwide communist revolution have been conceivable without the Paris that was home to Marx, Lenin and Ho Chi Minh? Would Impressionism or Cubism have become “isms” without Paris as a place to work and as a subject to paint? How Paris came to be, for such a long time, “capital of the world”? The answer lies in the city’s “myths” according to the distinguished Harvard historian Patrice Higonnet in “Paris; Capital of the World. “ In his book, Paris came to stand for all the contradictions of modern life; you went there to experience more fully what modern life had to offer. Paris was imagined, by locals and foreigners alike, as the hothouse of individualism, revolution, scientific progress, urbanism, artistic innovation and cultural sophistication, but it also offered the more dangerous enticements of pornography, prostitution, alienation and, at the end of the line, crime. Higonnet fully appreciates how the two sides of the “myth” complemented each other. A product of two cultures himself—he wrote this book in French—Higonnet is ideally placed to serve as guide to the riches of the Parisian Golden Age, which ran roughly from the French Revolution to 1945. His book is beautifully produced and worth purchasing.

11． Which university did historian Patrice Higonnet graduate from? A．Stanford University B．Harvard University

C．Massachusetts Institute of Technology D．University of Michigan

正确答案：B 解析：此题问“Patrice Higonnet毕业于哪所大学?”，正确答案是“哈佛大学”，其依据是“The answer lies in the city’s‘myths，’according to the distinguished Harvard historianPatrice Higonnet in‘Paris：Capital of the World．’”。这里提到美国的四个著名大学，所以在平时要注意有关英美文化的背景知识，将有助于考生理解听力内容。

12． What is Higonnet’s attitude towards the fact that the two sides of the “myth” complemented each other?

A．Appreciation B．Dislike C．Indifference D．Anger

正确答案：A

解析：问题是“对于‘神话’两方面互补的事实，Patrice Higonnet是何种态度?”，正确答案是“欣赏”，其依据是“Higonnet fully appreciates how the two sides of the‘myth’complemented each other．”。另外，这一类涉及态度的问题，也可以综合全文，做出正确的判断。

13． The so-called Parisian Golden Age ran roughly from the French Revolution to______.

A．1925 B．1935 C．1945 D．1955

正确答案：C

解析：问题是“所谓的法国黄金时代大致从法国到哪一年?”，正确答案是“1945”，其依据是“…the Parisian Golden Age，which ran roughly from the French Revolution to1945．”。这里有一个关键句型：run from…to…，意为：从…到…。

听力原文： The death rate from influenza rose markedly in the 1990’s, federal scientists reported. The explanation, they said, is that a greater proportion of the population is elderly and thus particularly susceptible to flu. There was an average of 36,000 flu deaths a year in the 1990’s as compared to 20,000 a year in previous decades, the investigators, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Ninety percent of influenza deaths were in people 65 and older, said Dr. Keiji Fukuda, the principal researcher for the study. But Dr. Fukuda and his colleagues reported that the virus was especially deadly in people over 85, who might be up to 32 times more likely than those 65 to 69 to die from a flu infection. The researchers also concluded that there were large numbers of deaths among the elderly from another virus, respiratory syncytial virus, known as R. S. V. As many as 78 percent of the 11,000 people who died from R. S. V. each year were 65 and older, the researchers concluded. In an editorial accompanying the paper, Dr. David M. Morens of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said that many people who were particularly vulnerable to influenza did not get flu vaccines, the only method of preventing the disease. Many mistakenly believe that the vaccine, which is made from a killed virus, can give them the flu. Over the last few years, Dr. Fukuda said, just 65 percent to 67 percent of people 65 and older were immunized. Even when they do get the vaccine, he added, it is less effective in the elderly than it is in younger people. And there is no vaccine to protect against R. S. V. Dr. Morens was not optimistic about the immediate future. The best hope, he said, is for improved flu vaccines and a vaccine for R. S. V. But for now, he said, doctors must do a better job of persuading older people to be vaccinated.

14． How many flu deaths a year in the 1990’s? A．20,000 B．26,000 C．30,000 D．36,000

正确答案：D

解析：问题是“在90年代，有多少人死于流感?”正确答案是“三万六千”，其依据是“Therewas an average of 36，000 flu deaths a year in the 1990’s as compared to 20，000 a year inprevious decades…．”。在同一句中出现了两个数字，

分别表示90年代和80年代死于流感的人数，要注意辨析。

15． Dr. Fukuda and his colleagues reported that the virus was especially deadly in people over

A．55 B．65 C．75 D．85

正确答案：D

解析：问题是“Dr．Fukuda和他的同事报道说，病毒对于多大年纪以上的人最为致命?”正确答案是“85岁”，其依据是“But Dr．Fukuda and his colleagues reported that the viruswas especially deadly in people over 85…．”。容易混淆的是“65岁”，这是受感染最多的年龄段。

16． According to the report, which of the following sentences is true? A．The only method of preventing the disease is to get flu vaccines. B．Dr. Morens was optimistic about the immediate future.

C．As many as 87 percent of the 11,000 people who died from R. S. V. each year were 65 and older.

D．The vaccine, which is made from a killed virus, can give people the flu.

正确答案：A

解析：问题是“根据报道，以下哪一句是正确的?”正确答案是“防止疾病的惟一办法是注射感冒疫苗”，其依据是“…get flu vaccines，the only method of preventing the disease．”。

听力原文：Questions 17—20 are based on a report about high style cameras. With its 2x optical zoom lens, 3. 2 megapixels and the size of a credit card, the Canon Digital PowerShot s230 camera, introduced in September, 2002, might strike some as a marvel. But the company is betting that its new target market of young white-collar women, who have not been the primary buyers of digital cameras, will love the tiny wonder for its look. Inspired by companies like Nokia, which early on emphasized design in an effort to sell cellphones to the increasingly style-conscious public, camera makers, too, are now promoting their products as fashion accessories. Canon is among a growing number of manufacturers playing up not only the latest in fancy technology but also what marketers call the “cool factor,” a combination of high-tech features and streamlined, compact design. In its print and television ad campaigns, the Canon PowerShot dangles from a clothes hanger. “Stainless steel goes with everything,” the copy reads. Casio, the maker of the Ex-ilim, has taken a similar style. Its print ads show a photo of a fashionable young woman in jeans, her compact digital protruding from her hip pocket over the slogan “No visible camera lines. “ Now that digital technology is no longer a novelty, Sony is also seeking a new group

of consumers, mostly women in their 20’s and early 30’s. And the latest of Sony’s print ads features a shapely blonde sheathed in a clingy black dress, an ATM-card-size CyberShot U suspended like a necklace. “It looks like cool jewelry, and that’s the point,” Jim Malcolm, Sony’s senior marketing manager for digital cameras, said.

17． What is Canon Digital PowerShot s230 camera’s size? A．Similar to a credit card B．Similar to a necklace C．Similar to a cigarette box D．Similar to a dressing case

正确答案：A 解析：问题是：“Canon Digital PowerShot s230照相机的大小如何?”，正确答案是“类似于一张信用卡”，其依据是“with its 2x optical zoom lens，3．2 megapixel and the size of acredit card，the Canon Digital PowerShot s230 camera…”。

18． What are the target consumers of Digital PowerShot s230 camera? A．Young white-collar men

B．Middle-aged white-collar men C．Young white-collar women

D．Middle-aged white-collar women

正确答案：C 解析：问题是：“Canon Digital PowerShot s230照相机的目标消费者是谁?”，正确答案是“年轻的白领女性”，其依据是“…its new target market of young white—collar women，who have not been the primary buyers of digital cameras，will love the tiny wonder forits look．”。关键是“target”一词，表示“目标”。

19． There is an ad that shows a photo of a fashionable blonde sheathed in a clingy black dress, an ATM-card-size camera suspended like a necklace. Which Company takes this ad?

A．Canon B．Sony C．Nokia D．Casio

正确答案：B 解析：问题是：“有一则广告，是一个穿紧身黑衣的金发女郎的照片。一个只有信用卡大小的照相机像项链一样挂在她的脖子上。是哪家公司采用了这个广告?”，正确答案是“ sony”，其依据是“And the latest of Sony’s print ads features a fashionable blonde sheathedin a clingy black dress，an ATM—card—size camera suspended like a necklace．”在此文中，出现了很多为人们所熟悉的品牌，例如：Canon，Sony，Nokia，Casio等等，需要考生加以辨析。

20． According to the report, which of the following sentences is NOT true? A．Now manufacturers are seeking a combination of high-tech features and “cool” design

B．Those young white-collar women have not been the primary buyers of digital cameras

C．Digital technology is still a novelty nowadays.

D．The Canon Digital PowerShot s230 camera is introduced in September, 2002.

正确答案：C 解析：问题是：“根据报道，以下哪个句子是不正确的?”，正确答案是“数字技术仍旧是一个新鲜事物”，其依据是“Now that digital technology is no longer a novelty，Sony is alsoseeking a new group of consumers，mostly women in their 20’s and early 30’s．”。要注意问题是“哪个句子是不正确的”，可以采取排除法进行判断。

Section II Use of English (15 minutes)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language. It is also the variety which is normally 21 by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other 22 situations. The difference between standard and nonstandard, it should be noted, has 23 in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial 24; standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants. 25 , the standard variety of English is based on the London 26 of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one 27 by the educated, and it was developed and promoted 28 a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the 29 that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today, 30 English is arranged to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are 31 the same everywhere in the world where English is used; 32 among local standards is really quite minor, 33 the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties are really very 34 different from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are 35 . Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous 36 on all local varieties, to the extent that many of long-established dialects of England have 37 much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be 38 . This latter situation is not unique 39 English; it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are 40 . But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational (的) ones.

21． A．said

B．told C．talked D．spoken

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。speak表示“说话”，着重开口发声，不着重所说的内容，一般为不及物动词，在作为及物动词时，宾语只能是语言(如Chinese／English)、真话(truth)等少数的词，不能接that名词性从句，例如：I have heard him speak of you．原句出现的宾语English说明，此处选项[D]spoken正确。选项[A]say表示“说出，说道”，着重所说的话，用直接引语时只能用say，例如：(1)He said little that we didn’t know yet．(2)Hesaid，“I don’t know what happened．”选项[B]tell表示“告诉”，兼有嘱托、命令之意，除了较少的情况，如tell the truth／a lie之外，一般后面接双宾语，tell sb．sth．／to do sth．或tell sb．about sth．例如：She told me to wait for her．选项[C]talk与speak意思相近，一般也用作不及物动词；用作及物动词时，宾语只能是某国语言，如nonsense等词，但talk含有“话是对某人说的”意思，有较强的对答、讨论意味，例如：He went on talking fora long time，but he spoke so fast that few of us could catch what he said．

22． A．same B．similar C．equal D．identical

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。similar表示“类似的，想像的，不是同一的”，例如：The twohouses are very similar in appearance．原句谈及标准英语使用的情况或场合，由other一词可知这种场合不是与news broadcasts一样的场合，而是相似的场合，故选项[B]similar正确。选项[A]same表示“相同的，同一的”，例如：The same mistake occurs threetimes in the paragraph．同样的错误出现了三次。选项[C]equal表示“(指事物在数量价值方面)相等的，平等的，胜任的”，例如：(1)We divided the cake into three equal parts．(2)He was equal to the occasion．他能应付这场面。选项[D]identical表示“同一的，完全相同的”，例如：(1)It’s the identical coat which was stolen from me．(2)The tests are identical to those carried out last year．全句可译为：它通常指用于印刷品的书面英语，在学校里所教授的英语。它也指那些受过教育的人所使用的英语。标准英语也常常用于新闻广播或其他类似的场合。

23．

A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything

正确答案：C 解析：此题属于词语搭配题。have sth．／nothing to do with表示“与…有(无)关”，例如：It had nothing to do with the committee’s decision．根据原文意思，标准英语与非标准英语的差别是否与正式语言和口头语言的差别有关，由下文，标准英语既有正式语言也有口语，因此，从原则上来说，二者没有关系，故选项[C]nothing正确。其他选项：[A]anything，[B]something和[D]everything均与句意不符。

24．

A．language B．vocabulary C．idioms D．words

正确答案：A

解析：本题属于语意搭配题。language表示“语言”，此处缺一个名词。下面解释的句子中用到了variants一词，只有language一词与之范围相当。故选项[A]language正确。其他选项：[B]vocabulary(词汇); [C]idioms(成语)；[D]words(单词)。

25．

A．Surprisingly B．Historically ‘ C．Interestingly D．Generally

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。Historically表示“在历史上”，根据上下文意思，前面谈的是标准英语是什么，下文谈到标准英语的起源，故选项[B]Historically正确。选项[A]Surprisingly表示“令人吃惊地”；选项[C]Interestingly表示“令人感到有趣的是”；选项[D]Generally表示“一般地，通常”，例如：Generally，he doesn’t take medicine，but sometimeshe does．又如：It’s generally believed that…(人们普遍认为……)。

26． A．accent

B．pronunciation C．spelling D．dialect

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。dialect表示“方言”，属于一种语言形式，根据下文出现thisdialect一词，可知此处指伦敦方言，故选项[D]dialect正确。选项[A]accent(口音)；选项[B]pronunciation(发音)；选项[C]spelling(拼写)，都属于语

言的内容，故不符合题意。全句可译为：就标准英语的发展来说，它是建立在伦敦方言的基础上的。诺曼底征服后，宫廷从温彻斯特搬到伦敦，伦敦方言不断发展。

27．

A．preferred B．learned C．praised D．created

正确答案：A 解析：此题属于语意搭配题。prefer表示“比较喜欢”，例如：He prefers to work alone．根据上下文的意思，上文谈到标准英语从伦敦方言发展而来，而受过教育的人们使用的是标准英语，那么，伦敦英语肯定曾经受过这些人青睐(prefer)，喜欢该语言并喜欢使用它，故选项[A]preferred正确。选项[B]learned(学习的)；选项[C]praised(赞扬的)，没有体现出人们爱用伦敦方言的意味；选项[D] created(创造的)，伦敦方言并不是由受过教育的人创造出来的。

28． A．to B．in C．as D．for

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语法题。as表示“成为”，根据句子意思：这种方言逐渐发展，成为了一种标准，故选项[C]as正确。其他选项：[A]to．[B]in；[D]for均不符合题意。全句可译为：伦敦方言得到了那些受过教育的人的青睐。对于社会上越来越多的人来说，它已经发展成为一种标准。

29． A．basis B．norm C．rule D．variety

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。norm表示“标准”，例如：One child per family is becomingthe norm in some countries．根据上下文，前面谈到伦敦方言已经发展成为一种标准(norm)，下文提及正是这个norm漂洋过海，传到海外，因此选项[B]norm正确。其他选项．[A]basis(基础)；[C]rule(规则)；[D]variety(变体)，伦敦英语是英语的一种变体，但这种变体已发展成为一种标准、模式，传到海外的是这一标准。全句可译为：这种标准后来漂洋过海，传到了海外。但在传播过程中它并非一成不变。

30． A．formal B．colloquial C．non-standard D．standard

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。standard表示“标准(的)”，根据文章内容，所谈论的都是standard English，因此选项[D]standard正确。其他选项：[A]formal(正式的)；[B]colloquial(口语的，口语体的); [C]non—standard(非标准的)，均不符合题意。

31． A．not B．very C．much D．hardly

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于词语搭配题。much the same表示“差不多，几乎一样”，例如：The patientis much the same．根据原文句意：世界各地所用的语法和词汇基本相同，故选项[C]much正确。选项[A]not(不)，表示否定意味，与题意不符；选项[B]very不与same连用；选项[D]hardly(几乎不)，与题意相反。

32．

A．variation

B．standardization C．unification D．transformation

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。variation表示“变化，如生物学中的变种，音乐上的变调”，例如：(1)The same story was told，with slight variations，of many legendary heroes．(2)The variations of temperature in that district are very great．同源名词variety表示“[不可数名词]多样性；[可数名词]同类的不同品种”，例如：There are numerous varieties of tree peonies(牡丹)．又如：the tremendous variety of the themes；根据上下文，前文谈到世界各地所用的语法及词汇基本相同，各地之间的差异就应该很小，此处差异即[A]variation。选项[B]standardization(标准化)，与下文的minor搭配不当；选项[C]unification表示“联合，统一”，不合题意，例如：The traffic laws of the different states need unification．选项[D]transformation表示“转变”，原指形式的改变，引申为性质、特点的改变，例如：the social and political transformation of a country，用在语言学里，指句子结构的转换，与题意不符。

33．

A．therefore B．but C．so that

D．nevertheless

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语法题。so that连词，连接结果状语从句，根据句子意思，前半句讲地区差异很少，下半句讲新加坡、南非等地的英语差别不大，是前半句的结果，故选项[C]sothat正确。选项[A]therefore副词，连接因果状语从句，例如：Those people have theirumbrellas up；therefore，it must be raining．选项[B]but(但是)；选项[D]nevertheless表示“然而”，连接转折状语从句，例如：He was very tired；nevertheless，he kept working．

34． A．great B．much C．no D．little

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。此题需填一个表示差别大小的副词，根据上下文意思：语言变体的差别很小，故选项[D]little正确。其他选项：[A]great，[B]much和[C]no均不符合题意。

35． A．talked B．concerned C．mentioned D．involved

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于词语搭配题。as far as…be concerned表示“就…而言”，例如：As far as Iam concerned，I cannot object to your decision．此题属固定搭配，故选项[B]concerned正确。选项[A]talked(谈论)，不符合题意；选项[C]mentioned(提到)，例如：He casuallymentioned that he was leaving his job．选项[D]involved表示“涉及，卷入，牵涉”，常与in／with搭配，例如：(1)The four men were all involved in organizing and carrying outthe murders．(2)Winning the game involves both skill and fortune．(想赢这场比赛，既要技巧也要运气。)全句可译为：现在，在使用英语的地方，标准英语已经达到了语法和词汇基本相同的程度，各地之间的地方差异很小。因此，就语法和词汇而言，新加坡、南非以及爱尔兰的英语并没有什么不同。

36． A．press B．pressure C．power D．force

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于词语搭配题。exert pressure on表示“施加压力”，根据句子意思：标准英语太强大，以至于对地方英语产生极大的影响，亦即施加压力。另外，下文也出现pressure一词，故选项[B]pressure正确。其他选项：[A]press(强迫)，[C]power(力量)和[D]force(力量)，均不符合题意。

37． A．lost B．gained C．missed D．got

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。lose one’s vigor表示“失去活力”，根据句子意思：地方英语受到标准英语的影响，许多使用很久的方言失去了活力，故选项[A]lost正确。选项[B]gained(获得)和选项[D]got(得到)与句意不符；选项[C]missed表示“错失(因各种原因)”，例如：I hate missing the beginning of a film．

38．

A．abandoned B．changed C．standardized D．reformed

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。standardize表示“标准化”，根据上下文意思可知：那些使用很久的方言(有特点的地方性语言)失去了活力，并面临着被标准化的压力，故选项[C]standardized正确。选项[A]abandoned表示“被遗弃，放弃”，例如：The village had already been abandoned．又如：abandon one’s attempt to do(放弃)；选项[B]changed(改变)；选项[D]reformed表示“变革”，有变化之意，但用在此处不够准确。

39． A．in B．of C．for D．to

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于词语搭配题。be unique to表示“独一无二的”，例如：None of these socialproblems is unique to this country．其他选项：[A]in，[B]of和[C]for均不符合题意。

40．

A．in the way B．under way C．out of the way D．all the way

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。under way表示“在进行中”，例如：We have several projectsunder way．根据原文意思，在标准化进程实行的过程中，故选项[B]under way正确。选项[A]in the way表示“挡道的，妨碍人的”，例如：If you’re going to help，at least don’tget in the way．选项[C]out of the way表示“不挡道的，得到解决的”，例如：While thefight was going on，he tried to keep out of the way．选项[D]all the way表示“一直地，完全地”，例如：I ran all the way to the office．另外与way连用的常见短语有：by the way(顺便地)；find one’s way(设法到达)；in a way(在某种程度上)；in no way(决不)；makeway(让路)；one way or another(用某种方法)；give way(让步，屈服)；on the way out(行将过时的)；see one’s clear way to do／doing sth．(愿意做某事)。

Section III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes)

Part BDirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Humour, which ought to give rise to only the most light-hearted and gay feelings, can often stir up vehemence and animosity. Evidently it is dearer to us than we realize. Men will take almost any kind of criticism except the observation that they have no sense of humour. A man will admit to being a coward or a liar or a thief or a poor mechanic or a bad swimmer, but tell him he has a dreadful sense of humour and you might as well have slandered his mother. Even if he is civilized enough to pretend to make light of your statement, he will still secretly believe that he has not only a good sense of humour but is superior to most. He has, in other words, a completely blind spot on the subject. This is all the more surprising when you consider that not one man in ten million can give you any kind of intelligent answer as to what humour is or why he laughs. One day when I was about twelve years old, it occurred to me to wonder about the phenomenon of laughter. At first I thought it is easy enough to see what I laugh at and why I am amused, but why at such times do I open my mouth and exhale in jerking gasps and wrinkle up my eyes and throw back my head and halloo like an animal? Why do I not instead rap four times on the top of my head or whistle or whirl about? That was over twenty years ago and I am still wondering,

except that I now no longer even take my first assumption for granted, I no longer clearly understand why I laugh at what amuses me nor why things are amusing. I have illustrious company in my confusion, of course. Many of the great minds of history have brought their power of concentration to bear on the mystery of humour, and, to date, their conclusions are so contradictory and ephemeral that they cannot possibly be classified as scientific. Many definitions of the comic are incomplete and many are simply rewording of things we already know. Aristotle, for example, defined the ridiculous as that which is incongruous but represents neither danger nor pain. But that seems to me to be a most inadequate sort of observation, for of at this minute I insert here the word rutabagas, I have introduced something in congruous, something not funny. Of course, it must be admitted that Aristotle did not claim that every painless in congruity is ridiculous but as soon as we have gone as far as this admission, we begin to see that we have come to grips with a ghost when we think have it pinned, it suddenly appears behind us, mocking us. An all-embracing definition of humour has been attempted by many philosophers, but no definition, no formula had ever been devised that is entirely satisfactory. Aristotle’s definition has come to be known loosely as the “disappointment” theory, or the “frustrated expectation”, but he also, discussed another theory borrowed in part from Plato which states that the pleasure we derive in laughing is an enjoyment of the misfortune of others, due to a momentary feeling of superiority or gratified vanity in appreciation of the fact that we ourselves are not in the observed predicament.

41． Which of the following can be inferred from the first paragraph? ______ A．People don’t like to be considered as one with no sense of humour. B．People will give you a satisfactory answer to what humour is. C．People would like to be a liar or a coward.

D．People can make light of other’s comment on their sense of humour.

正确答案：A

解析：本题的相关信息在文章第一段。作者讲到：人们可以承认自己有其他方面的缺点，但要说他的幽默感差极了，这跟诋毁他母亲一样令他痛苦。由此可见，本题的正确答案应当为[A]。其他几个选项的意思均与原文内容不符。

42． The purpose of two questions in the second paragraph is to______. A．demonstrate why people are amused B．display what people laugh at

C．bring to light the phenomenon of laughter D．accent what a phenomenon laughter really is

正确答案：D

解析：在文章的第二段中，作者的两个反问句都是针对笑及笑时的表情，其目的在于强调笑的现象究竟是什么。所以本题的正确答案应当为[D]。

43． The writer feels that the answer to the mystery of humour given by the great minds of history is______.

A．dispassionate B．unsatisfactory C．satisfactory D．intelligent

正确答案：B

解析：根据文章的第三段的最后一句话，“历史上许多伟大的人物曾经设法利用他们的智慧来解开幽默这个谜，但至今他们所得出的结论互相矛盾，经不起时间的考验，所以是不能称之为科学的。”由此可见作者认为这些定义都是令人不满意的。因此本题正确答案应当为[B]。

44． The word “rutabagas” is inserted in Para. 4 to______.

A．support the writer’s opinion on Aristotle’s explanation of humour B．show his agreement with Aristotle’s definition C．explain Aristotle’s definition of the ridiculous

D．prove that the ridiculous is that which is incongruous but represents neither danger nor pain

正确答案：A 解析：文章第四段中作者介绍了亚里士多德对可笑下的定义，对此他认为这一定义不完整，不严密。因此他给出例子插入一个与文章毫不相干的词来支持自己对亚里士多德的定义的评论。[B]、[C]、[D]三个选项均与作者的观点不吻合，正确答案应该为[A]。

45． The paragraph following will most likely discuss______. A．the writer’s intelligent definition of humour B．more theories about the mystery of laughter C．why there is humour D．the mystery of humour

正确答案：B 解析：根据文章最后一段的具体内容，谈论亚里士多德的另一个部分理论源于柏拉图的幽默理论。文章前面部分作者曾提到历史上有许多伟大的人物试图解释什么是幽默这一问题，而作者到目前为止还只涉及了一个伟人的理论，我们可以推测作者在后面的文章里很有可能会讨论更多伟人的幽默理论。所以本题的正确答案应当为[B]。

Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing

professionalisation of scientific activity. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word “amateur” does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialisation in nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way. Although the process of professionalisation and specialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.

46． The growth of specialisation in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as______.

A．society and chemistry B．physics and psychology C．sociology and psychology D．physics and chemistry

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。文章第二段最后一句告诉我们；学科专业化趋势在以数学训练和实验室训练为基础的科学领域中显得尤为突出。[D]项的两门学科属于此领域，所以[D]为正确答案。

47． We can infer from the passage that______.

A．there is little distinction between specialisation and professionalisation B．amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science C．professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community D．amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones

正确答案：B

解析：推断题。答案同样可在第二段最后一、二句中找到：19世纪学科的专业化使得从事科研活动的非专业化人员面临越来越大的困难，在以数学训练和实验室训练为基础的科学领域中显得尤为突出。由此可推断，非专业化人员可以在除了这些领域外与其他专业人员一争高下。[B]项合题意。[A]项与第一段内容不符；[C]、[D]两项与第三段内容不符。

48． The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate______. A．the process of specialisation and professionalisation B．the hardship of amateurs in scientific study C．the change of policies in scientific publications

D．the discrimination of professionals against amateurs

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。答案同样在第二段最后一句。句中的trend指的就是学科的专业化趋势。[A]项为正确答案。而[B]项和[C]项是这个趋势中出现的具体问题。[D]项：专业人员歧视非专业人员，在文章中并未提到。

49． The direct reason for specialisation is______. A．the development in communication B．the growth of professionalisation C．the expansion of scientific knowledge D．the splitting of academic societies

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。文章第一段第一句告诉我们：专业化是对科学知识日益积累的反应。所以[C]正确。

The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect”, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not

give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.” George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. “It’s like surgery,” he says. “We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’re a physician, you can risk your patient’s suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide. “ On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying. Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life. Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. “Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse.” He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear... that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension. “

50． From the first three paragraphs, we learn that______.

A．doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients’ pain B．it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives C．the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide D．patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide

正确答案：B

解析：推断题。文章第一段说：最高对于医生协助病人自杀的裁决，对如何使用药物来减轻病人的痛苦有着重大的意义。第二段说：尽管没有赋予医生去帮助病人自杀的权力，实际支持了医疗界的“双效原则”。第三段说：医生们正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期(terminally ill)病人注射吗啡提供正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终致病人于死地。由此从第二段可推断，[B]项：医生们帮助病人自杀仍是非法的，为正确答案。[A]项：医生过去常用增加剂量的方法来控制病人的痛苦与第三段的增加吗啡剂量不符合。[C]项：最高强烈反对医生帮助病人自杀，与[D]项：没有赋予病人自杀的权力，都与文章内容不符。

51． Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

A．Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients’ death.

B．Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery. C．The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication should be prescribed.

D．A doctor’s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.

正确答案：C

解析：是非题。文章第二段第一句说：法庭实际上(in effect)认可了医疗界的“双效”原则。第三段又说，医疗界正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期(terminally ill)病人注射镇痛剂提供了正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终使病人致死。由此可知，法庭实际上同意给病人开大剂量的止痛药。这与[C]的意思相符。A项“如果医生冒使病人致死的危险，将被认定有罪”与文章内容不符，[B]项“现代医学已经帮助晚期病人无痛康复”，文中未提。[D]项“医生用药再也不会因为他的用药意图而被认为合理正当了”与文章内容不符。

52． According to the NAS’s report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is______.

A．prolonged medical procedures B．inadequate treatment of pain C．systematic drug abuse D．insufficient hospital care

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。根据第七段：NAS的报告指出了医生临终护理存在着两个问题：一是护理不力，二是使用无效而强制性的医疗程序。由此可知，[B]对病痛护理不够为正确答案。

53． Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive” (line 3, paragraph 7)?

A．Bold B．Harmful C．Careless D．Desperate

正确答案：A

解析：语意题。aggressive意为1)咄咄逼人的，好斗的；2)攻略性的，侵略的；3)有闯劲的，大胆的。根据上下文，aggressive应为“大胆的”。所以，A为正确答案。

54． George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they______.

A．manage their patients incompetently B．give patients more medicine than needed C．reduce drug dosages for their patients

D．prolong the needless suffering of the patients

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。在第八段中，Annas指出：许多医生对病人所受的不必要的痛苦漠不关心，甚至到了“系统地虐待病人”的程度。并指出病人痛苦地死亡如果被认为是医生护理不力的后果，那就应吊销他们的行医执照。[D]项：延长病人不必要的痛苦为正确答案。此处[A]项：护理病人不力，是个迷惑项。因为Annas认为吊销医生执照的前提是病人痛苦地死亡。

The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect”, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patients. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death. “ George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. “It’s like surgery,” he says. “We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’re a physician, you can risk your patients’ suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide. “ On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying. Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death; Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life. Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. “Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse.” He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear... that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension. “

55． From the first three paragraphs, we learn that______.

A．doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients’ pain B．it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives C．the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide D．patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide

正确答案：B

解析：推断题。文章第一段说：最高对于医生协助病人自杀的裁决，对如何使用药物来减轻病人的痛苦有着重大的意义。第二段说：尽管没有赋予医生去帮助病人自杀的权力，实际支持了医疗界的“双效原则”。第三段说：医生们正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期(terminally ill)病人注射吗啡提供正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终致病人于死地。由此从第二段可推断，B项：医生们帮助病人自杀仍是非法的，为正确答案。A项：医生过去常用增加剂量的方法来控制病人的痛苦与第三段的增加吗啡剂量不符合。C项：最高强烈反对医生帮助病人自杀，与D项：没有赋予病人自杀的权力，都与文章内容不符。

56． Which of the following statements is true according to the text? A．Doctors will be held guilty it they risk their patients’ death.

B．Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery. C．The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication should be prescribed.

D．A doctor’s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.

正确答案：C

解析：是非题。文章第二段第一句说：法庭实际上(in effect)认可了医疗界的“双效”原则。第三段又说，医疗界正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期(terminally ill)病人注射镇痛剂提供了正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终使病人致死。由此可知，法庭实际上同意给病人开大剂量的止痛药。这与C的意思相符。A项“如果医生冒使病人致死的危险，将被认定有罪”与文章内容不符，B项“现代医学已经帮助晚期病人无痛康复”，文中未提。D项“医生用药再也不会因为他的用药意图而被认为合理正当了”与文章内容不符。

57． According to the NAS’s report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is______.

A．prolonged medical procedures B．inadequate treatment of pain C．systematic drug abuse D．insufficient hospital care

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。根据第七段：NAS的报告指出了医生临终护理存在着两个

问题：一是护理不力，二是使用无效而强制性的医疗程序。由此可知，B：对病痛护理不够为正确答案。

58． Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive” (line 3, paragraph 7)?

A．Bold B．Harmful C．Careless D．Desperate

正确答案：A

解析：语意题。aggressive意为：1)咄咄逼人的，好斗的；2)攻略性的，侵略的；3)有闯劲的，大胆的。根据上下文，aggressive应为“大胆的”。所以，A为正确答案。

59． George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they______.

A．manage their patients incompetently B．give patients more medicine than needed C．reduce drug dosages for their patients

D．prolong the needless suffering of the patients

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。在第九段中，Annas指出：许多医生对病人所受的不必要的痛苦漠不关心，甚至到了“系统地虐待病人”的程度。并指出病人痛苦地死亡如果被认为是医生护理不力的后果，那就应吊销他们的行医执照。D项：延长病人不必要的痛苦为正确答案。此处A项：护理病人不力，是个迷惑项。因为Annas认为吊销医生执照的前提是病人痛苦地死亡。

Part DDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

In less than 30 years’ time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain’s nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall. 61) There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. 62) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived. According to BT’s futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of 1,000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life. 63) Pearson has pieced together to work of

hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040. Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer human links. “By linking directly to our nervous system, computers could pick up what we feel and, hopefully, simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck,” he says. ) But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration:”It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century. “ Through his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, cause problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the droids. 65) And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder—kitchen rage.

60．

正确答案：到时将出现由机器人主持的电视聊天节目，以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标，监控器就会令其熄火。

解析：句子的框架是个表将来状况的there be句型：There will be…，and…。后半句里出现两个代词them和they；它们指向同一个“被代对象”，这个对象不是monitors，而是cars。过去分词短语hosted by robots作定语修饰shows。that引导定语从句，修饰cars。when引导时间状语从句。英语中监控器和电脑显示器都被称作monitor。offend原意为“触犯”，在此应转译为“超标排污”。

61．

正确答案：儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视机前休闲，届时数字化时代就来到了。

解析：句子框架是Children will play with…，computers…will be regarded as…，relaxation will be…，and digital age will have arrived。整句是一个由四个简单句组成的并列长句。personality chips译为“个性化芯片”。

62．

正确答案：皮尔森汇集世界各地数百位研究人员的成果，编制了一个独特的

新千年技术历，它列出了人们有望看到数百项重大突破和发现的最迟日期。

解析：句子的框架是Pearson has pieced together the work…calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect…to take place。关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰calendar。此从句中又包含一个由关系副词when引导的定语从句。piece常用作名词，意为“碎片，片”，在本句中作动词译为“汇集，聚集”。produce在此根据上下文应译为“编制”。

63．

正确答案：但是皮尔森指出这个突破只是人机一体化的开始。“它是人机一体化漫长过程的开端，最终会使人们在下世纪末之前研制出完全电子化的仿真人。”

解析：句子的框架是由两部分构成，一个间接引语的宾语从句，但语序上稍有不规则，理顺后为Pearson points out…but that is only the start of man—machine integration；后面再紧跟一个直接引语。本句中有两个that：第一个that是指示代词，代指上文的break—through(突破)，第二个that是关系代词，引导一个定语从句修饰integration。Pearsonpoints out是插入语。

．

正确答案：家用电器也将会变得如此智能化，以至于控制和操作它们将会引发一种心理疾病——厨房狂躁症。

解析：句子的框架是个so…that结果状语从句：And home appliances will(also)become so smart that…。result in表示“导致，引发”。

Section IV Writing (35 minutes)

65． Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures—National and International”.In the essay you shouldI) describe the picture and interpret its meaning , and2) give your comment on the phenomenon.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)An American girl in traditional Chinese costume(服装)

正确答案： A pretty American girl is presented in this picture. Interestingly, she is neither in Apple Jeans nor in Red Taps nor in anything typically American, rather, she prefers traditional Chinese costume. In my opinion, what the picture conveys is beyond a new fashion trend, and it carries cultural implications as well. On the process of globalization, to be national or to be international is a dilemma for almost every culture. While global economic integration has fostered thorough cultural interchanges and made purely national culture practically impossible, many countries with their distinct national culture still hold a conservative attitude toward being international for fear of losing their own national identity. Admittedly, as it is the reflection of the outlook of a people, national culture is especially to her people as priceless spiritual treasure and ought to be cherished and preserved. However,

there are also positive reasons to advocate an international culture. As the traditional Chinese costume in the picture adds some irresistible oriental glamour to her beautiful figure, the embracing of elements from other cultures will surely do great benefit to a culture. The fresh ideas coming in, controversial or even unreasonable as they may seem at first sight, provide a different perspective for us to observe the world, which is essential to social progress. It is multiculturalism in a society that essentially makes the society and its people diverse, colorful, vigorous, and open-minded. As the picture raises the thought-provoking question in a light manner, the answer to the question is also implied in it. In my eyes, to be international is undisputedly the better choice if the nation wishes to adopt an open-minded way of progressing.