NJBST Co.,Ltd. QCD-014 Rev.:0 Page:1 of 8 Title: PROCEDURE FOR MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION 磁 粉 检 验 操 作 工 艺 规 程 CONTROLLED 在控本□ UNCONTROLLED 非在控本□ COPY NO 副本编号： PREPARED BY 编制： DATE 日期： REVIEWED BY 审核： DATE 日期： APPROVED BY 批准： DATE 日期： NJBST Co.,Ltd. QCD-014 Rev.:0 Page:2 of 8 Title: PROCEDURE FOR MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION DEMONSTRATION CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this procedure has been demonstrated on a test specimen with known defects to the satisfaction of the Authorized Inspector according to T-150 of ASME Code Section V, as required by Appendix 6 of Section Ⅷ . Test Specimen No.: Demo. Report No.: NDE Level Ⅲ: AI: NJBST Co.,Ltd. QCD-014 Rev.:0 Page:3 of 8 Title: PROCEDURE FOR MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION 1. General 1. 概述 性材料和焊缝的磁粉检验。 磁粉检验方法适用于在铁磁性材料表面或其附近探测裂纹和其它不均匀性缺陷。 This procedure is applied to the magnetic particle 本规程适用 于ASME规范产品铁磁examination of ferromagnetic materials and welds for ASME Code items. The magnetic particle examination method is suitable for detecting cracks and other discontinuities on or near 本规程适用于磁轭湿粉连续磁化the surface in ferromagnetic materials. 法技术。此法仅适用于检出工件表面 This procedure is applied to wet continuous 开口缺陷。 magnetization by yoke, which shall only be applied to 本规程在执行之前须通过演示，使detect discontinuities that are open to the surface of the part. This procedure shall be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the AI prior to implementation. 2. Personnel AI审查满意。 2. 人员 从事磁粉检验的NDE人员必须是根据南京宝色钛业有限公司<
>(资料号：QCD-011)进行考试和 The NDE personnel who engage in magnetic particle 资格任命的合格人员。 examination shall be qualified and certified according to 3. 方法综述 NJBST Co.,Ltd.’s “Written Practice for NDE Personnel 原则上，磁粉检验方法是指在工件Training, Examination, Qualification & 受检区域表面施加铁磁粉，裂纹或其它缺陷会导致正常磁场畸变，使表面上的磁粉形成一定图形，这些图形通常是探测到的缺陷特征。 Certification”(No.:QCD-011). 3. Description of Method In principle, the magnetic particle examination method 磁粉检验法的灵敏度以表面缺陷involves magnetizing an area to be examined, and applying 处为最高，并随离表面深度的增加而ferromagnetic particles to the surface. The particles 迅速降低；因此，本方法仅适用于检will form patterms on the surface where cracks or other 验材料或部件的表面或近表面缺陷。 discontinuties cause distortions in the normal magnetic field. These patterns are usually characteristic of the type of discontinuity that is detected. 4. 磁化设备校验 MT设备采用CDX-4型磁轭式探伤仪。 设备校验 The sensitivity of the magnetic particle examination is 校验周期：每一带电流表的磁化设greatest for surface discontinuities and diminishes 备至少应每年校验一次；设备进行过rapidly with increasing depth of discontinuities below 重要电源修理，周期大修或损坏时，the surface. Therefore, this method can only be used for 必须得到校验。如果设备已一年或一detecting the discontinuities on or near the surface of the material or parts to be tested. 4. Magnetization Equipment and Calibration 年以上未使用，则在第一次使用之前必须校验。 磁轭提升力的校验 提升力用标准重块提升法来校验。 The MT equipment to be used is Yoke, with Type CDX-4. 交流电磁轭提升力至少为 Calibration of Equipment Frequency of calibration: 10lb(44N)(最大磁轭间距);直流电磁轭提升力至少为40lb(177N)( 最大 Each Magnetizing Equipment with an ammeter shall be 磁轭间距)。 calibrated at least once a year，or whenever the equipment has been subjected to a major electric repair, periodic overhaul or damage. If equipment has not been in use for a year or more, calibratioon shall be done prior to first use. Calibration for lifting power of the Yoke 5. 检验介质 The lifting power will be calibrated with the methods of lifting a standard weight cake. Each alternating-current electromagnetic yoke shall have a lifting power of at least 10lb(44N). at the maximum pole spacing. Each direct-current electromagnetic yoke shall have a lifting power of at least 40lb(177N). at the maximum pole spacing. 5. Examination Medium The examination medium shall be the finely divided NJBST Co.,Ltd. QCD-014 Rev.:0 Page:4 of 8 Title: PROCEDURE FOR MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION ferromagnetic particles which have high permeability and 检验介质是具有高导磁率和低顽磁low retentivity. The size and shape of the magnetic 性的细铁磁粉，其尺寸和形状必须易particles shall be suitable for forming magnetic particle indications. The black magnetic particles HK-1-400or 350, made by yixin Citong Co Ltd., shall be used. 于形成磁粉显示。 应使用宜兴磁通探伤材料公司生产的黑磁粉HK-1-400或350。 磁悬液的液体介质必须是变压器油、无味煤油或水。磁悬液的温度和 The fluid medium for the magnetic suspension fluid shall 工件表面温度均不得超过1350F 0be transformer oil, smelless kerosene or water. The (57C) 。 temperature of the wet particle suspension and the surface 湿磁粉悬浮液的浓度 of the part shall not exceed 1350F(570C). Concentration of wet magnetic particle suspensions The initial bath concentration of suspended magnetic 磁悬液浓度应按制造厂推荐，用沉淀量值验证，务使日常浓度一定。浓度不当，会大大影响探伤结果。 除制造厂另有规定外，非荧光磁粉particles should be as specified of as recommended by the 悬浮液浓度应为每100ml 的水平。 manufacturer and should be checked by settling volume 槽中磁悬液浓度通常是用ASTM的measurements and maintained at the specified 梨形离心管测定其沉淀值来确定的，沉淀柱；在取样以前，将悬浮液在再循环系统中至少流动30分钟，以保证所有磁粉的完全混合，否则磁粉可能在油盘滤网和沿槽的壁或底沉淀concentration on a daily basis. If the concentration is 对非荧光磁粉悬液为 芯柱刻度)的not maintained properly, test results can vary greatly. The bath concentration shall be maintained within to ml per 100ml of vehicle for nonfluorescent particles unless otherwise specified by the particle manufacturer. 下来，从软管或管嘴取100ml悬浮液 Bath concentration is normally determined by measuring 并使它沉淀大约30分钟，大管底沉its setting volume through the use of an ASTM Pear-shaped centrifuge tube with a stem divisions )for nonfluorescent suspensions. Before sampling, run the 淀的体积 是槽液磁粉浓度指示值；假如磁悬液中磁粉浓度大低，加足够量的磁粉以获得所需浓度；假如磁悬液中磁粉浓度大高，则加足够的液体suspension through the recirculating system for at least 介质以获得所需浓度。 30-min to assure thorough mixing of all particles which 假如沉淀磁粉表现为松散的团块，could have settled on the sump screen and along the sides 而不是紧密的敷层，则应作第二次取or bottom of the tank. Take a 100-mL portion of the 样试验，如果还是团块，说明磁粉可suspension from the hose or nozzle and allow it to settle for approximately 30 min. The volume settling out at the bottom of the tube is indicative of the particle 能已被磁化，这时需更换悬浮液。 6. 磁化过程 磁轭法 可采用直流的、交流的电磁轭或永concentration in the bath. If the bath concentration is 久磁轭、来磁化一个局部区域、形成low in particle content, add a sufficient amount of 一个纵向磁场。 particle materials to obtain the desired concentration. 交流电磁轭的提升力应至少在两If the suspension is high in particle content, add 极间距离最大时为10磅公斤)。 sufficient vehicle to obtain the desired concentration. If the settled particles appear to be loose agglomerates rather than a solid layer, take a second sample. If still agglomerated, the particles may have become magnetized, replace the suspension. 6. Magnetization Procedure Yoke Technique The direct, alternating current electromagnetic yokes or permanent magnet yokes shall be used for localized magnetization to form a longitudinal magnetic field. The alternating current electromagnetic yoke shall have a lifting power of at least 10 lb. at maximum pole spacing. The direct current electromagnetic yoke 经验磁轭式磁场强度可测量它 shall have a lifting power of at least 40 lb. at the maximum pole spacing. The field strength of yokes can be empirically determined NJBST Co.,Ltd. QCD-014 Rev.:0 Page:5 of 8 Title: PROCEDURE FOR MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION by measuring its lifting power. examinations shall be carried out on each area. The second examination shall be with the lines of magnetic flux approximately perpendicular to those used for the first examination in that area. 的提升力来确定。 Direction of magnetization: At least two separate 根据经验磁轭式磁场强度可测量它的提升力来确定。 磁化方向 每一区域应至少进行两次分别检验。在第二次检验中，磁通线的方向应大致与第一次检验区域所采用的方向相垂直。 The area to be examined shall be restricted to the 受检区域应在两磁极连线的双侧，area which is equal to 1/4 maximum pole spacing on both 相当于1/4最大磁极间距的范围内，磁极（25毫米）的搭接。 sides of the line through two poles. The pole spacing 间距每次至少有1英寸 7.磁场强度 使用专用的碳钢/铜板磁场指示器来校验零件表面的磁场强度和方向是否满足要求。如果铜板边有清晰的磁粉线条，则shall at least have 1in. (25mm)overlap each time. 7. Magnetic Field Strength The special carbon steel / copper plate type field indicator is used to verify that an adequate field 表明磁场强度是足够的。 strength and direction for the surface of part is 8．检验要求 obtained. If the clear magnetic particle pattern is 表面制备 shown on the copper plate side of the field indicator, 经焊接、轧制、铸造、锻造等加工的零it indicates that adequate field strength is obtained. 8. Examination Requirements Surface Preparation 件，一般会取得满意的效果。然而，表面不平（不均匀）会掩饰缺陷的显示，则这些地方要通过打磨或机加工进行表面制备。 Satisfactory results are usually obtained in the 在磁粉检验之前，被检验的表面及其附as-welded, as-rolled, as-cast, or as-forged 近至少1英寸（25mm）的区域内应实干燥conditions. However, surface preparation by grinding 的，并且没有任何污垢、纤维屑、锈皮、or machining may be necessary where surface 焊剂和焊接飞溅、油污或其他能妨碍检验irregularities could mask indications due to 的外来物。 discontinuities. Prior to magnetic particle examination, the surface to be examined and all adjacent areas within at least 1in.(25mm) shall be dry and free of all dirt, grease, 可使用去污剂、有机溶剂、除绣剂、除绣液、去漆剂、蒸气除油、喷沙或超声波清洗等方法达到清洁的目的。 如果在被检验部件表面存在漆层等覆盖物，必须进行演示实验，使缺陷能透过覆lint, scale, welding flux and spatter, oil, or other 盖层最厚处显示出来。使用磁轭法时，应extraneous matter that could interfere with the 按ASME法规第Ⅴ卷第7章强制性附录Ⅰexamination. 之要求，验证涂层厚度的影响。 Cleaning may be accomplished using detergents, 除非图纸或其他技术文件中另有规定，organic solvents, descaling solution, paint removers, vapor degreasing, sand or grit blasting, or ultrasonic cleaning methods. 任何零件均应在完工的表面状态，或最终机加工状态，或最终热处理状态下进行磁粉探伤。 零件上的小开口、槽或孔，应在检验前 If coatings are left on the part in the area being 堵塞好以防磁粉进入。 examined, it must be demonstrated that indications can 检验时应有足够的重叠(至少10%)，保be detected through the existing maximum coating 证受检零件在规定的灵敏度下能得到thickness applied. When AC yoke technique is used, the 100%的履盖。 demonstration must be in accordance with Mandatory AppendixⅠof Article 7 of ASME Code SectionⅤ. Unless specified on the drawings or other technical documentation, the magnetic particle examination shall be carried out on the parts with finished surface condition, or finished-machined condition and final heat treatment condition. The small opening, slots or holes in the parts can be blocked to prevent the magnetic particle from getting into. Examination shall be conducted with sufficient overlap NJBST Co.,Ltd. QCD-014 Rev.:0 Page:6 of 8 Title: PROCEDURE FOR MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION (at least 10%) to assure 100% coverage at the 受检工件上经返修的区域，应按原来established sensitivity. The repaired area shall be reexamined according to the original examination procedure. The intensity of the visual light at the surface of 的检验程序重新检验。 受检工件表面的观察亮度必须至少为50fc(500lx)。 9. 显示评定及合格标准 磁粉显现评定 the part /work piece undergoing examination shall be a 磁粉保留一段时间回显示出磁线，并minimum of 50fc (500lx). 不是所有显示出来的都是缺陷，因受检，导磁 9. Evaluation of indications and acceptance standards 表面粗燥（如在热影响区边缘） Evaluation of indications Indications will be revealed by retention of magnetic particles. All such indications are not necessarily imperfections, however, since excessive surface 发生变化等原因，会产生类似于缺陷的显示。 只有被确认为机械缺陷的显示，且显示的尺寸大于1/16英寸（）时才被认为有效显示； roughness, magnetic permeability variations (such as at a. 线形显示是指其长度超过宽度3倍the edge of heat affected zones), etc., may produce similar indications . An indication is the evidence of a mechanical imperfection. Only indications which have any dimension greater than 1/16in. shall be considered relevant. a. A linear indication is one having a length greater than three times the width. 的显示。 b. 面形显示是指一个圆形和椭圆的长度或等于宽度的3倍的显示。 c. 可疑的、有争议的显示均应重新检验以决定它们是否为有效显示。 d. 主要区域被积聚的不连续的磁粉遮盖是不允许的，对这些区域应重新检验。 b. A rounded indication is one of circular or 合格标准（根据第Ⅷ卷第一分册附录elliptical shape with a lenth equal to or less than three 6） times the width. c. Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be reexamined to determine whether or not they are relevant. 除特殊材料指定使用更严格的标准外，通常应采用如下合格标准。 所有受检表面不允许有如下缺陷显示： a. 有效的线形显示； d. Broad areas of particle accumulation which might b. 尺寸大于3/16英寸有效的面形显mask indications from discontinuities are prohibited, 示； and such areas shall be cleaned and reexamined. c. 一条直线上边缘间隔等于或小于 Acceptance standards (per Appendix 6 of Section Ⅷ 1/16in.的4个或更多的有效的面形显 These acceptance standards shall apply unless other more restrictive standards are specified for specific materials or applications. All surfaces to be examined shall be free of : a. relevant linear indications; b. relevant rounded indications greater than 3/16in. ; 示。 d.缺陷显示可能大于缺陷本身，但是以显示尺寸作为合格评价的基础。 10. 退磁 当剩磁对零件附加工或使用有影响时，该零件在磁粉检验后应及时进行退磁。 c. four or more relevant rounded indications in a line 11. 清洁 separated by 1/16in.or less, edge to edge; d. an indication of an imperfection may be larger than the imperfection that causes it; however, the size of the indication is the basis for acceptance evaluation. 10. Demagnetization When residual magnetism in the part could interfere with subsequent processing or usage, the part shall be demagnetized any time after completion of the examination. 11. Cleaning Post-test cleaning is necessary where magnetic particle material could interfere with subsequent processing or usage. NJBST Co.,Ltd. QCD-014 Rev.:0 Page:7 of 8 磁粉材料会妨碍后继加工或使用时，检验后应进行清理。 12. 记录和报告 操作员必须记录检验详情和结果，必要时要用胶带纸、照相或其他 Title: PROCEDURE FOR MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION 12. Records and report 方法作永久性记录。 The examination details and results shall be recorded NDE报告应由操作者编制，由NDE Ⅱby the operator. When necessary, the permanent records may be made by adhesive tape, photograph or other means. 级或Ⅲ级探伤员审核，并经指定的NDE Ⅲ 级人员批准，然后提交AI认可。 NDE report shall be prepared by the operator, reviewed 报告形式见第8页。 by the NDE LevelⅡor Ⅲ and approved by the Level Ⅲ prior to submission to the AI for acceptance. Report form, see Page 8 of 8.
