外研版八年级英语下学期期中考试试题(含答案解析)

（时间：100分钟，满分：100分）

第一部分 选择题

一、单项选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)

1．The Indian took ________ X-ray and then he showed ________ X-ray to the doctor. A．a; the

B．an; an

C．an; the

D．the; the

2．—Do you know the song Gangnan Style? —Of course. It interesting. A．tastes

B．smells

C．sounds

D．feels

3．Luke's mother will be _____him if he wins the reading competition. A．proud of

B．tired of

C．worried about

D．strict with

4．Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and______is noisy. A．another

B．the other

C．other

D．others

5．—Could you tell me _______ it takes to walk to the Disneyland? —About 20 minutes. A．how far

B．how long

C．how often

D．how soon

6．—Jack, could you help me when the plane will take off on the Internet? —I’m sorry, my computer doesn’t work. A．get out

B．look out

C．take out

D．find out

7．Li Na is famous all the tennis fans in China know her. A．too; to

B．enough; to

C．as; as

D．so; that

8．—Did you and your cousin go to Mr. Green’s party last Sunday? —No. ________ of us went there. A．Neither

B．None

C．Both

D．All

9．Eating ________ food is good for your _________. You can live _________. A．health, healthy, healthily C．healthy, healthily, health

B．healthy, health, healthily D．healthy, healthy, healthily

10．Wanda Square _______ for half a year, but I _______ there so far. A．has opened, haven't got C．has been open, haven't gone

B．has been open, haven't been D．has opened, haven't been

11．I feel ________ necessary to accept his advice because it’s of great ________ to me.

A．it’s, important B．that, importance C．this, important D．it, importance

12．Please stop________ and go out for a walk. Remember ________ warm clothes. A．to study; wearing C．to study; to wear

B．studying; to wear D．studying; wearing

13．I was too excited to fall ________ last night. I was still ________ until 11 o'clock. A．sleepy; awake

B．awake; sleep

C．asleep; awake

D．awake; asleep

14．The joke was so funny that it made him ________ again and again. A．laugh

B．to laugh

C．laughed

D．laughs

15．一Would you mind my opening the window? 一 . I've got a cold. A．Never mind C．All right

B．You'd better not D．With pleasure

二、完型填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)

Do right things at the proper time, or it’s too late to regret for what has passed. A grasshopper（蚱蜢）was playing the violin when he saw some ants busy ___16___ food.“Why are you working on such a beautiful day?”he asked.

“We must collect food now,” said the queen of the ants. “If we don’t, what will we do when___17___comes?”

“Oh, winter is a long way off,” said the grasshopper. “You take life much too ___18___ .”

“But you must __19__ today if you want to eat tomorrow,” said the little ant. “You can play your violin after you’ve finished your work.”

The grasshopper didn’t want to follow her _20_. He went away, singing.

Spring soon passed and the warm summer came. All day long the grasshopper played the _21_. Soon summer was over. And then autumn passed, too. One morning, the grasshopper woke up and was ___22___ to find that snow had fallen during the night. “Why? Had the long winter come? ” he said to himself.

The grasshopper wandered around looking for a place to keep _23_ but there was no such a place. “How_24_ I was not to listen to the ants. While I am dying of cold and __25__ they are sitting in their warm nest with plenty to eat.”

The grasshopper was soon frozen stiff（冻僵的）.The ants picked him up and carried him to their nest. The grasshopper learned a lesson he would never forget.

16．A．planting 17．A．Spring 18．A．granted 19．A．Sleep 20．A．steps 21．A．violin 22．A．glad 23．A．quiet 24．A．silly 25．A．influence

B．collecting B．summer B．slow B．play B．advice B．drums B．surprised B．clean B．clever B．pride

C．making C．autumn C．easy C．work C．pattern C．chess C．anxious C．silent C．helpless C．regret

D．producing D．winter D．seriously D．relax D．request D．guitar D．shame D．warm D．useful D．hunger

三、阅读单选(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)

A

Elephants are the largest animals on land. For a long time, they are very helpful. They carry big trees, take people from place to place, and are even used in wars.

Some people think it’s not easy to hurt an elephant because its skin is thick and hard. In fact, that’s wrong. Sometimes, a needle can also be very dangerous for the elephant.

People say elephants are afraid of mice. This is wrong, too. In fact, elephants have very poor eyesight, so they usually cannot see a mouse even if one comes very close to them. If a person has a good memory, people will say that he has an elephant memory. However, up to now, no study shows that elephants have a better memory than any other animal.

People also believe that when it is time for elephants to die, they will hide themselves in a so-called “elephant graveyard”. Often, hunters try to find such places to get ivories（象牙）, but few people really find places like that. In fact, when elephants are old or get sick, they will stay in deep and secret caves until they get better or die. 26．What can’t elephants help people do? A．Carry heavy trees.

C．Carry people to different places.

B．Help people build houses. D．Help people fight in the war.

27．Which of the following is TRUE about elephants? A．Elephants are afraid of mice. C．Elephants cannot see very clearly.

B．Elephants have very poor memory. D．Elephants never go to caves.

28．What is the possible meaning of the underlined word “graveyard”? A．A place for hiding dead bodies.

B．A place for animals to play in.

C．A place with yards and flowers.

29．What will elephants do when they get sick? A．They will go to see a doctor. B．They will ask other animals for help. C．They will ask humans for help. D．They will stay in deep caves themselves. 30．What is the main idea of this article? A．Elephants are man’s best friends.

B．Different countries have different elephants.

D．A place where elephants are safe.

C．Elephants are the world’s biggest animals on land. D．Some of our ideas about elephants are not correct.

B

Everybody will have some health problems. Here are Mr. Black's problems and his doctor's advice. I hope they can help you. Mr. Black's problems

My name is David Black. I live in a small house. I never go out when the weather is cold or hot, because I am worried I'll have a cold. I don't go out often because I don't want to talk with others. I hardly exercise, but sometimes I take a walk in my garden. After I walk for a few minutes, I have to take a rest. I am always very weak and tired. I often have a headache but I don't want to see a doctor. What should I do? Dr. Smith's advice

Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. I think you have too much yin because you are always worried about something and you don't like going out or talking with others. I think you should eat some yang foods, like beef and you need to exercise more. Also, talking with others can make you feel relaxed. And if you don't feel very well, it's important for you to go to see a doctor. And you will feel better after you take some Chinese medicine.

31．The underlined word \"they\" in Paragraph 1 refers to \"______\". A．Mr. Black and Dr. Smith B．only Mr. Black's problems

C．only Dr. Smith's advice D．Mr. Black's problems and Dr. Smith's advice 32．Mr. Black doesn't go out when the weather is cold or hot, because he is worried ______. A．he will be hungry or thirsty

B．he has to talk with others C．he will

have a cold D．he will get lost

33．If you are always worried and you don't like going out, maybe you ______ . A．have too much yang

C．have a balance of yin and yang 34．Which is NOT Dr. Smith's advice? A．To eat some yang foods. C．To stay at home and rest.

B．To play more sports.

D．To take some Chinese medicine. B．have too much yin D．need to eat some yin foods

35．Which of the following is RIGHT according to the passage? A．Mr. Black often has yang foods.

B．Mr. Black has to have a rest after a short walk. C．Mr. Black often sees a doctor when he feels bad. D．Mr. Black likes to eat beef very much.

第二部分 课本知识应用

四．根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 36．Look！This is my ________ spacecraft. I have just finished it. 37．My father reads sports ________ in newspapers every morning. 38．We have lots of ways to c________ with friends all over the world. 39．An unhappy home ________(环境) can affect a child's behavior. 40．________(火星) is the fourth planet from the sun. 41．I’ve got two kinds of ________(蜡笔). 42．Are there any ________(橡皮擦) in the box? 43．This is my pencil. Where is ________(你的)? 44．He is happy to ________(找到) his cat here. 45．There are a lot of ________(手表) in the shop.

五．用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 46．A large number of tourists ________ (visit) Mount Tai.

47．My father isn’t ________ (satisfy) with the coat I bought on the Internet. 48．When I saw him, I couldn’t help ________ (laugh). 49．Keep ________ (work) hard, and you will get good grades. 50．In Chinese history, there were many national ________ (hero). 51．Aunt Mary _____________________(ill)for more than three days. 52．Take the medicine three ____________________(time) a day.

53．You’d better do some _____________________(exercise) to keep fit. 54．Reading in the sun is __________________(harm) to your eyes.

55．Mr.Liu __________________(stay)in his office since eight o’clock this morning. 六、阅读回答问题(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)

The haze season is back. How much do you know about haze? Haze can also be called \"Smog\". The word \"smog\" is from the words \"smoke\" and \"fog\". It first appeared in the early 20th century. It is a kind of air pollution caused mostly by cars and factories.

Smog will do great harm to your health, especially lungs (肺). It can make you cough and cause skin and eye problems. It seems that we can do nothing to stop it, but only wait until the wind blows all the smog away. However, there are some easy ways to prevent it hurting you.

1. Don't do exercise in the open.

Exercising in the open makes you breathe deeply, and you will take in the particles deep into your lungs.

2. Stay indoors and keep the air clean.

If you can, just stay in your room and keep the doors and windows closed. Remember to air your room twice a day, you can open the window at noon or at night for half an hour.

3. Wear a mask.

Paper and cotton masks cannot help you in the haze weather. Some special masks, such as N95 masks, can keep you from breathing in the particles in the air.

4. Change your diet.

Scientists find that vitamin A, C and E can greatly help protect your eyes, nose and lungs.

So eat more green vegetables and fresh fruit every day. What's more, do not eat food with too much fat , it's bad for your lungs.

If you follow these things, I believe you will be healthy 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 56．What is haze also called?

_______________________________________________________ 57．According to the article, what mostly causes haze?

_______________________________________________________ 58．Can smog cause skin problems?

_______________________________________________________ 59．Why shouldn't we eat food with too much fat?

_______________________________________________________ 60．How many easy ways are there to prevent haze from hurting us? _______________________________________________________ 七、语法填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)

The human story began around 65 million years ago, when animals first appeared on Earth. Over thousands of years, their bodies became almost human. Their brains became ____61____ (big), and they learned how to use language, light fires and make tools. Modern human-people like us-developed ____62____ these creatures about 100,000 years ago.

Many scientists believe modern humans first appeared in Africa. By 20,000 B．C．, they had travelled and settled all over the world. They travelled farthest during _____63_____ Ice Ages, when most seas were frozen, leaving bridges of dry land, ________ people could walk across.

The first farmers on Earth lived in the Middle East. Around 9,000 B．C．, people ____65____ (find) that grains of wheat and barley dropped on the ground grew and produced seeds, ____66____ they cleared land and planted more seeds. By around 6000 B．C．, people in Southeast Asia had discovered how to grow rice. By 5000 B．C．, in Central and South America, people were growing ____67____ (potato) and corn.

Early peoples had to make the big discoveries-how to build homes, farm the land, communicate and protect ____68____ (they). The world we live in has been built on the work of past generations, and it is still changing today. As each year ____69____ (pass), it becomes another chapter in our ____70____ (amaze) history. 八、作文(共15分)

71．2021年7月，、印发了《关于进一步减轻义务教育阶段学生作业负担和校外培训负担的意见》（以下简称为“双减”）。假如你是李华，请给你的笔友John 写一封电子邮件，向他介绍“双减”后你学习生活上的变化，并分享你的感受。要点如下表格：

“双减”后相关活动 课后作业 课后辅导班 时长 少于90分钟 没有 压力小 开心 感受 锻炼 睡眠 与？相处

大于1. 5小时 多于9小时 ？ 身体健康 学习更专注 ？ 参考词汇∶“双减”double reduction；课后辅导 after-school tutoring；压力 pressure n. 注意∶

1. 短文应包括所有要点，可以适当发挥，使文章连贯； 2. 词数 80左右（文章开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。

Dear John, How are you doing these days? I’m writing to introduce my daily lives to you. Something has changed a lot after the Double Reduction.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours, Li Hua

参：

1．C 【解析】 【详解】

句意：印度人照了X光片，然后把X光片拿给医生看。

考查冠词辨析。第一空指“一张X光片”，表泛指，且X是以元音音素开头的，故第一空填an；第二空是特指前文提到的事物，故第二空填the，故选C。 2．C 【解析】 【详解】

试题分析：句意： ---你知道江南Style吗？---当然，它听起来很有意思。A. tastes尝起来；B. smells闻起来； C. sounds 听起来；D. feels感觉。据题意，故选C。 考点：考查动词辨析。 3．A 【解析】 【详解】

句意：卢克的母亲会为他赢得阅读比赛而感到自豪。本题考查形容词短语辨析。A. be proud of为……感到自豪；B. be tired of 厌倦；C. be worried about 为……担忧；D. be strict with对……严格要求。根据题干中的 “如果他赢了阅读比赛”可推断，卢克的妈妈将会为他感到骄傲，故答案为 A。 4．B 【解析】 【详解】

句意：凯瑟琳有两个表兄妹。一个是安静的，另一个是吵闹的。A. another代词，“又一、另一”，指三个或三个以上中的另一个，常用来修饰单数名词；B. the other两者中的另一个，或后跟名词，指其余的全部；C. other形容词，“其他的”，后跟名词，泛指剩余的一部分；D. others代词，泛指其余的人或物。one…the other...一个……另一个……固定搭配。故答案为B。

点睛：another，other，others，the other，the others的区别：

1.another泛指（指三者或三者以上中的）另一个，既可作代词又可作形容词。 2.other其他的，另外的，泛指另一个或另一些。作定语时常与可数名词复数连用。 3.others泛指别的，其他人或物，是other的复数形式，相当于other加可数名词复数。 4.the other可作代词也可作形容词，表（两者中的）另一个，常用于one…the other…的句型中，如：She has two children, one is a boy, and the other is a girl. 也可以后跟名词复数，特

指其余的人或物。

5.the others是the other的复数形式，特指某一范围内“其余的全部人或物”。只作代词用，相当于the other加可数名词复数，如：Four of them are in the classroom, what about the others 5．B 【解析】 【详解】

句意：——你能告诉我步行到迪斯尼乐园要多长时间吗？ ——大约20分钟。本题考查名词性从句的引导词。A. how far多远，对距离提问；B. how long多长时间，对时间长度提问；C. how often多久一次，对频率提问；D. how soon多久以后，对段时间提问，常常用在将来时的句子中，对以现在时为起点的\"将来一段时间以后\"提问；根据语境，说话人询问步行到迪士尼要花费\"多长时间\"，故答案是B。 6．D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】

句意：杰克，你能帮我在网上搞清楚飞机什么时候起飞吗？对不起，我的电脑坏了。A. get out出去； B. look out向外看； C. take out拿出来； D. find out[搞清楚，弄明白，根据句意此题选D。 7．D 【解析】 【详解】

试题分析：A．too; to 表示太……而不能； B．enough; to表示做某事足够…… C．as; as 连接原级表示和……一样； D．so;+形容词 that+从句表示如此……以至于；根据题意 ：李娜是如此的出名以至于在中国所有的网球明星都喜欢她。根据题意故选D 考点：考查短语辨析。 8．A 【解析】 【详解】

句意：——上星期天你和你表弟去参加格林先生的聚会了吗？——没有。我们俩都没去那儿。

考查不定代词辨析。neither用于两者都不，表完全否定；none用于三者及以上，表否定；both两者都，表复数意义；all全部，用于三者及以上。根据“you and your cousin”可知是两者，结合否定回答，故选A。

9．B 【解析】 【详解】

句意：吃健康的食物对你的健康有好处，你可以健康地活着。healthy形容词，修饰名词，作定语。health名词，健康；your形容词性物主代词，后跟名词。healthily副词，健康地，修饰动词live。故选B。 10．B 【解析】 【详解】

句意：万达广场已经开了半年了，但是到目前为止我还没有去过那里。

考查现在完成时。open动词，打开，强调动作；形容词，开着的，强调状态。第一处根据“for half a year”可知，强调延续的状态，所以用has been open。第二处结合句意，表示“到目前为止还没去过”，“去过”用have been to表示，there是副词，其前不用介词to。故选B。 11．D 【解析】 【详解】

句意：我觉得有必要接受他的建议，因为这对我很重要。

考查代词及名词的用法。it’s它是；that那个；this这个；it它；important是形容词，重要的；importance是名词，重要性。feel+it+形容词+to do sth.“感觉做某事是……”，第一空用it，great是形容词，后加名词，第二空用名词importance，故选D。 12．B 【解析】 【详解】

句意：请停止学习，出去散散步。记得穿暖和的衣服。

stop doing是停止做某事，stop to do是停下来做另一件事；remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做)，remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做)。根据后面的go out for a walk，可知，是停止学习，用动名词studying，排除A/C；结合语境可知，Remember ________ warm clothes. 是记得去穿暖和的衣服。应该填动词不定式。故选B。 13．C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】

句意：昨晚我太兴奋了以至于无法入睡，到了11点我还醒着。

考查形容词辨析。sleepy困倦的；awake醒着的；asleep睡着；sleep既可作动词，也可作名词，表示“睡觉”。fall asleep“陷入睡眠”，是固定搭配，排除ABD。故选C。 14．A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】

句意：这个笑话太好笑了，他笑了一遍又一遍。

考查使役动词make的用法。laugh笑，动词原形；to laugh不定式；laughed过去式/过去分词形式；laughs第三人称单数。此处是固定搭配，make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，故选A。 15．B 【解析】 【详解】

句意：——你介意我打开窗户吗？——你最好不要，我感冒了。Never mind没关系；You'd better not你最好不要；All right好的；With pleasure乐意效劳，结合空后的“I've got a cold”可知，既然感冒了，所以最好不要打开窗户。故选B。 16．B 17．D 18．D 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．D 【解析】 【分析】

文章讲述蚂蚁忙着存食物过冬而蚱蜢却悠闲地拉小提琴，蚂蚁建议蚱蜢早点存食物，但他却不听蚂蚁的建议，于是冬天到了，蚱蜢没有吃的，也没有取暖的地方，在冻僵之时蚂蚁救了他。通过这个故事告诉我们在适合的时间要做正确的事情，不要到了来不及时再后悔不已。

16．句意：一只蚱蜢在拉小提琴，看见蚂蚁在忙着收集食物。A. planting种植；B. collecting收集；C. making使，做；D. producing生产。根据We must collect food now可知此处表示他看见一些蚂蚁忙着收集食物，故答案选B。

17．句意：如果我们不这样做，冬天来临时我们该怎么办？A. spring春天； B. summer 夏天；C. autumn秋天；D. winter冬天。由winter is a long way off可知此处表示如果我们不这样做，冬天来的时候我们该做什么呢，答案选D。

18．句意：你把生活看得太严肃了。A. interesting有趣的；B. slow慢慢的；C. easy 容易的；D. seriously严肃的，认真的。take sth seriously表示认真对待某事物，结合句意，答案选D。

19．句意：但是如果你明天想吃的话，今天就必须工作。A. sleep睡觉；B. play玩；C. work工作；D. relax放松。由You can play your violin after you've finished your work可知此处表示但你必须得完成今天的工作，如果你想要明天有吃的话，答案选C。

20．句意：蚱蜢不想听从她的劝告。A. steps步骤；B. advice建议；C. problems问题；D. request要求。由He went away，singing可知此处表示这个蚱蜢不想听她的建议，选B。 21．句意：蚱蜢整天拉小提琴。A. violin小提琴；B. drums鼓；C. chess棋；D. guitar吉他。由A grasshopper（蚱蜢）was playing the violin可知此处表示一天到晚蚱蜢就拉小提琴，答案选A。

22．句意：一天早上，当蚱蜢醒来时，惊奇地发现夜里下雪了。A. glad高兴的；B. surprised吃惊的；C. worried忧虑的；D. angry生气的。由Why？Had the long winter come可知此处表示吃惊地发现晚上下雪了，答案选B。

23．句意：蚱蜢四处走动寻找温暖的地方。A. quiet安静的；B. clean干净的；C. silent沉默的； D. warm温暖的。由While I am dying of cold 可知此处表示寻找一个地方来取暖，答案选D。

24．句意：我真傻，不听蚂蚁的话。A. silly愚蠢的；B. clever聪明的；C. helpless无助的；D. useful有用的。结合语境可知此处表示蚱蜢后悔没有听取蚂蚁的话，认为自己太愚蠢了，答案为A。

25．句意：当我饥寒交迫时，它们坐在温暖的巢穴里，有很多东西吃。A. warm温暖；B. pride自豪；C. illness疾病；D. hunger饥饿。由with plenty to eat可知此处是拿自己与蚂蚁比较，当自己要死于寒冷和饥饿时，它们却有很多食物吃。故答案选D。

点睛：完形填空题与单项选择题不同，它给出的是一篇意思较为完整的短文。做该题型试题时，首先应跳过空格通读全文，以全文为背景，联系句子的上下文进行推理和判断，从4个选项中选出一项进行试填。考生可以从词义用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理和上下文的联系等方面去考虑。最后应再把全文通览一遍，细心检查所选答案能否使短文上下连贯，前后呼应，词句通顺，使短文意思完整。检查时还应从语法、惯用法、逻辑推理和事情发生的情节等方面进行考虑，以达到准确无误之目的。 26．B 27．C

28．A 29．D 30．D 【解析】 【分析】

文章介绍了大象是陆地上最大的动物，它可以帮助人们做很多事情。但是有很多关于大象的观点其实都是错误的，这篇短文给我们介绍了这些错误的观点和真实的情况是什么样的。 26．

细节理解题。根据“They carry big trees, take people from place to place, and are even used in wars.”可知，大象可以搬运大的树木、带人们从一个地方到另一个地方、甚至在战争中使用。因此A、C和D三个选项都提到了，没有提到帮助人们修建房子。故选B。 27．

推理判断题。根据“People say elephants are afraid of mice. This is wrong, too. In fact, elephants have very poor eyesight”可知，大象的视力是很差的，故选C。 28．

词义猜测题。根据“People also believe that when it is time for elephants to die, they will hide themselves in a so-called “elephant graveyard”.”可知，当大象要死去的时候，他们会把他们自己藏在所谓的“大象的坟墓”里。因此graveyard是死去的大象所在的地方，故选A。 29．

细节理解题。根据“In fact, when elephants are old or get sick, they will stay in deep and secret caves until they get better or die.”可知，当大象变老或生病时，它们会呆在深而秘密的洞穴里，直到病情好转或死亡。故选D。 30．

主旨大意题。这篇短文中给我们介绍了陆地上最大的动物——大象，我们有很多关于大象的说法都是错误的，如“Some people think it’s not easy to hurt an elephant because its skin is thick and hard. In fact, that’s wrong…In fact, when elephants are old or get sick, they will stay in deep and secret caves until they get better or die.”等，因此D选项符合文意。故选D。 31．D 32．C 33．B 34．C 35．B 【解析】

【分析】

每个人都会有一些健康问题，这篇短文中Black先生讲述了他的问题，他的医生Smith先生给了他一些建议。 31．

细节理解题。根据划线代词所在的上下文语境“Here are Mr. Black's problems and his doctor's advice. I hope they can help you.”可知，这里的they代指的是上句话中的“Mr. Black’s problem and his doctor’s advice”，故选D。 32．

细节理解题。根据“And I never go out when the weather is cold or hot, because I am worried I'll have a cold.”可知，当天气冷或热的时候，Black先生从来不出门，因为他担心感冒。故选C。 33．

细节理解题。根据“I think you have too much yin because you are always worried about something and you don't like going out or talking with others.”可知，Smith医生认为，如果你不喜欢出门，你就有太多的“阴”。故选B。 34．

推理判断题。根据“I think you should eat some yang foods, like beef and you need to exercise more. Also, talking with others can make you feel relaxed. And you will feel better after you take some Chinese medicine.”可知，Smith医生认为Black先生身体里有太多的“阴”，所以他建议Black先生应该多吃“阳”性的食物；应该多锻炼，并且吃一些中药。光待在家里休息不出门会让身体里有太多的“阴”，对身体是不好的。故选C。 35．

推理判断题。根据第二段“I hardly exercise, but sometimes I take a walk in my garden. After I walk for a few minutes, I have to take a rest.”可知，Black先生走几分钟之后，就必须要休息，故选B。 36．model 37．news 38．communicate 39．environment 40．Mars 【解析】

36．句意：看！这是我的模型飞船。我刚完成。

根据题干中的“I have just finished it 我刚刚做完。”可推测“spacecraft飞船”不是真的，而是“模型”，model spacecraft 模型飞船，名词作定语修饰名词，故答案为model。

37．句意：我爸爸每天早上读报纸上的体育新闻。

根据题干中的“newspaper 报纸”可知爸爸读的是“news新闻”，故答案为news。 38．句意：我们有很多方式可以和世界各地的朋友交流。

由句意和首字母“c”提示可推测此处说的是我们有很多方式和世界各地的朋友“交流”，communicate with sb. 和某人交流，固定搭配，故答案为communicate。 39．句意：一个不开心的家庭环境会对一个孩子的行为产生影响。

environment 环境，名词，前面有不定冠词an修饰，用单数，故答案为environment。 40．句意：火星是距离太阳第四远的行星。

Mars 火星，名词，行星名首字母要大写，故答案为Mars。 41．crayons 42．erasers 43．yours 44．find 45．watches 【解析】

41．句意：我有两种蜡笔。根据句意和汉语提示可知，蜡笔是可数名词，要用复数形式，此空故填crayons。

42．句意：盒子里有橡皮吗？根据句意和汉语提示可知，橡皮擦是可数名词，根据空前any，此空故填erasers。

43．句意：这是我的铅笔。你的在哪里？根据句意和汉语提示可知，此空指的是你的铅笔，应用名词性的物主代词，此空故填yours。

44．句意：他很高兴在这里找到他的猫。根据句意和汉语提示可知，固定用法be happy to do sth. 高兴做某事。此空应填动词原形，此空故填find。

45．句意：商店里有很多表。根据句意和汉语提示可知，手表是可数名词，根据空前a lot of，此空应用复数形式，此空故填watches。 46．have visited 47．satisfied 48．laughing 49．Working 50．heroes 【解析】

46．句意：许多游客参观了泰山。根据句意可知是现在完成时态have/has+过去分词，主语A large number of tourists复数；故填have visited

47．句意：我爸爸对我在网上买的外套不满意。根据be satisfied with对---满意；故填

satisfied

48．句意：当我看见他的时候，情不自禁的笑了。根据can’t help doing sth忍不住做某事；故填laughing

49．句意：坚持努力学习，你就会得到好成绩。根据keep doing sth坚持做某事；故填working

50．句意：在中国历史上，有许多民族英雄。根据many修饰名词复数；故填heroes 【点睛】

名词有可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单数和复数。可数名词的复数形式的构成：1. 一般情况直接加s，例如：book-books；2. 以s,x,sh,ch结尾的单词加es，例如：bus-buses；3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，把y变成i加es,例如：factory-factories；4. 以f/fe结尾的单词变成v再加es，例如：thief-thieves；还有一些不规则变化，例如：man-men，child-childen 51．has been ill 52．times 53．exercise 54．harmful 55．has stayed 【解析】

51．句意：玛丽阿姨已经生病3天多了。for more than three days表示的是到目前为止的时间段，句子的时态要用现在完成时态来表达，be ill生病，故答案为has been ill。 52．句意：一天吃三次药。基数词three后跟可数名词的单数形式，three times a day一天三次，故答案为times。

53．句意：你最好多锻炼来保持健康。do some exercise锻炼，故答案为exercise。 54．句意：在阳光下读书对你的眼睛有害。be harmful to对……有害，结合句意可知，答案为harmful。

55．句意：刘先生自今天早晨8点钟就呆在办公室里。since eight o’clock this morning表示的是截止到目前为止的时间段，句子的时态为现在完成时，故答案为has stayed。 56．Smog/It is also called smog. 57．Cars and factories. 58．Yes, it can/Yes..

59．Because it’s bad for our lungs. 60．Four./ There are four ways. 【解析】 【分析】

文章主要介绍了如何减少雾霾对我们身体伤害的方法。 56．

根据文中“Haze can also be called “Smog”.”可知，雾霾也可以称为“Smog”，故填Smog。/ It is also called smog. 57．

根据文中“It is a kind of air pollution caused mostly by cars and factories.”可知，这是一种主要由汽车和工厂造成的空气污染。故填Cars and factories。 58．

根据文中“It can make you cough and cause skin and eye problems.”可知，雾霾会引起皮肤问题，故填Yes, it can./Yes。 59．

根据文中“What’s more, do not eat food with too much fat , it’s bad for your lungs.”可知，吃脂肪过多的食物对肺不好，故填Because it’s bad for our lungs. 60．

根据文中“Don’t do exercise in the open. ”以及“Stay indoors and keep the air clean.”以及“Wear a mask.”以及“Change your diet.”可知，一共个提到了四种方法阻止雾霾伤害我们，故填Four。/ There are four ways. 61．bigger 62．from 63．the ．which 65．found 66．so 67．potatoes 68．themselves 69．passes 70．amazing 【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍人类的起源和发展，以及在发展过程中掌握的技能。 61．

句意：他们的大脑变大了，他们学会了如何使用语言、生火和制造工具。分析上下文，此处暗含与过去的比较，使用形容词比较级作表语，故填bigger。 62．

句意：像我们这样的现代人类大约在10万年前由这些生物进化而来。根据前文“Over

thousands of years, their bodies became almost human.”可知，人类是从这些生物进化而来，用from表示“从……”，故填from。 63．

句意：他们在冰河时代走得最远，那时大多数海洋都冻结了，留下了人们可以走过去的陆地桥。此处特指“冰河时代”，用“the Ice Ages”表示，故填the。 ．

句意：他们在冰河时代走得最远，那时大多数海洋都冻结了，留下了人们可以走过去的陆地桥。此处是非性定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，用which引导，故填which。 65．

句意：大约公元前9000年，人们发现落在地上的小麦和大麦的谷粒会生长并产生种子，所以他们清理土地，种植更多的种子。根据“Around 9,000 B.C.”可知，此处应使用过去式，故填found。 66．

句意：大约公元前9000年，人们发现落在地上的小麦和大麦的谷粒会生长并产生种子，所以他们清理土地，种植更多的种子。“they cleared land and planted more seeds”是“grains of wheat and barley dropped on the ground grew and produced seeds”的结果，用so连接，故填so。 67．

句意：公元前5000年，在中美洲和南美洲，人们开始种植土豆和玉米。此处在句中作宾语，表示泛指，用名词复数形式，故填potatoes。 68．

句意：早期的人类必须做出重大发现——如何建造房屋、耕种土地、沟通和保护自己。此处指保护他们自己，用反身代词形式，故填themselves。 69．

句意：每一年，它都成为我们神奇历史上的又一篇章。本句时态是一般现在时，主语each year是第三人称单数，故填passes。 70．

句意：每一年，它都成为我们神奇历史上的又一篇章。此处作定语修饰history，用修饰物的形容词，故填amazing。 71．例文： Dear John,

How are you doing these days? I’m writing to introduce my daily lives to you. Something has changed a lot after the Double Reduction.

I spend less than 90 minutes finishing my homework, so I have a little pressure. I am glad

to know there is no after-school tutoring. I exercise for more than an hour and a half every day, and I have a healthy body. I can sleep over 9 hours every night. In this way, I can pay more attention to studying in class in the daytime. I can stay with my parents for four hours, so we can communicate with each other better.

In a word, I have a good time in learning and playing after the Double Reduction. Wish you have a good day.

Yours, Li Hua

【解析】 【详解】

1.题干解读：该题目属于材料作文写作，要求按照所给的要点提示，给John 写一封电子邮件，向他介绍“双减”后你学习生活上的变化，并分享你的感受。注意写作时要点要齐全，同时也可进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥。

2.写作指导：本文应该用第一人称来叙述；时态采用一般现在时；文章开头已给出，写作时，注意承接上文，根据要点提示具体介绍“双减”后，“我”的课后作业、课后辅导班、锻炼、睡眠和与父母相处的时间以及“我”的感受；文中一定要包含题干中列出的所有要点；可以运用一些短语和常用句型为文章增添色彩；注意单词书写的准确度，语法运用的准确度，上下文注意连接的流畅度，以及逻辑合理。