高中英语
动词时态语法
英语从句复习
及经典句型
高中英语从句总复习
1）表语从句
1.定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句
3.引导表语从句的关联词的种类： （1）从属连词that.如：
The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 （2）从属连词whether，as，as if.如：
He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us.问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago，but it’s as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be，seem，look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。
（3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why.
如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it.问题是他是如何做此事的。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释：
1.连词because可引导表语从句。如：
I think it is because you are doing too much.我想这是因为你做得太多。
2.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：
My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。 2）主语从句
1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句
3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类：
（1）从属连词that.如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 （2）从属连词whether.如：
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。
（3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why.如：
What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。
How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。
Wherever you are is my home —— my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我唯一的家。 解释：
1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
A.It+be+形容词（obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.）+that从句。如：
It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
B.It+be+名词词组（no wonder，an honor，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，etc.）+that从句。如： It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遗憾我们不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
C.It+be+过去分词（said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.）+that从句。如：
It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.
据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
D.It+seem，happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.Alice似乎不来参加晚会。 It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。
E.It+doesn’t matter（makes no difference，etc.）+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如: It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.她是否来这无关紧要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
F.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week？ 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？ Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow？ 他们明天不来很要紧吗？ G.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如： How strange it is that the children are so quiet！ 孩子们这么安静真奇怪！ 2.注意连接代词whoever，whatever，whichever等引导主语从句的含义。
Whoever comes will be welcome.（whoever=the person who）来的人将受到欢迎。 Whatever he did was right.（whatever=the thing that）他所做的事情是正确的。
Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize.（whichever=anyone of you who）你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖
3）宾语从句
1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句。
3.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：
He told us that he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。 I know he has returned.我知道他已经回来了。
注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。
1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.（and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。）
大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.（that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。）
对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.（that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。） 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
4.We decided，in view of his special circumstances，that we would admit him for a probationary period.（主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。） 鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。 （2）从属连词if/whether.如：
I doubt whether he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。 I don’t know if you can help me.我不知道你能否帮助我。
（3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why. 如：
Who or what he was，Martin never learned.
他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。
I wonder what he’s writing to me about.我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。 I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.我会告诉你我为什么要你来。 You may do what you will.你可做任何你想做的事。 （1）介词宾语从句
宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day. 他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
I walked over to where she sat.我走向她坐的地方。
I am curious as to what he will say.我很想知道他要说什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.
你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。 有时介词可以省略。如：
I don’t care （for）who marries him.我不管谁跟他结婚。
Be careful （as to）how you do that.你要注意做这件事的方式。 解释：
1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如： We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday. 我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give in. 他已表明他不会屈服。
2.作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。如： He is a good student except that he is careless. 他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。
You may rely on it that I shall help you.你可以指望我会帮助你的。 介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如： Are you sorry for what you’ve done？ 你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？
3.某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure，glad，certain，pleased，happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied等，连词that可省略。如： I am not sure what I ought to do. 我不能确定我该做什么。
I’m afraid you don’t understand what I said. 恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
I’m surprised that I didn’t see all that before. 我好奇怪，我以前没看到过。
Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams. 妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。
4.连词whether （…or not）或if引导的宾语从句
if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if一般不与or not连用。如： I wonder whether it is true or not.我不知它是真是假。
用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用wheter.试比较： Please let me know if you want to go.
Please let me know whether you want to go.
if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。
5.宾语从句的否定转移。在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如： I don’t think you are right.我认为你错了。
I don’t believe they have finished their work yet.我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。 I don’t suppose he cares，does he？ 我想他不在意，是吗？ 6.宾语从句的时态变化规律：
（1）当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。
（2）当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如： The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳运行。 4）同位语从句
1.定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact，news，idea，thought，question，reply，report，remark等，关联词多用从属连词that.如：
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come？ 你在哪儿听说我不能来？
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
德国已对宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who，which，what和连接副词where，when，why，how亦可引导同位语从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it.
那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 解释：
1.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 that引导的同位语从句 that引导的定语从句 句法功能上
that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。 意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容。 从句起限定作用，是定语
如：The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.（同位语从句，that不可省。） 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。
The news （that）he told me yesterday is true.（定语从句，that在从句中作told的宾语，可省。） 他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 2.一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。 should可省。如：
This is our only request that this （should）be settled as soon as possible. 这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。 （6）不定式的构成 1.不定式的构成
不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，在某些情况下to也可省略。 不定式一般有时式和语态的变化，通常有下表中的几种形式（以do为例）： 主动式 to do
被动式 to be done
完成式to have done /to have been done 进行式 to be doing
完成进行式 to have been doing 1）不定式的一般式
不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。如： They invited us to go there this summer.他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。 He stood aside for me to pass.他站到一边让我通过。 2）不定式的完成式
不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之后发生，它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语，有时也可作主语、定语等。如：
She seemed to have heard about this matter.她似乎已听说过这件事。
I meant to have told you about it，but I happened to have an important thing to do. 我本来想告诉你这件事的，但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。 3）不定式的进行式
不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。如：
It’s nice of you to be helping us these days.你真好，这些天一直帮我们。
He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully.他假装在认真地听老师讲课。 4）不定式的完成进行式
如果不定式表示的动作是谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作，就需要用完成进行式。如：
They are said to have been working in Tibet for 20 years.据说他们已经在工作20年了。 We are happy to have been helping each other these days.我们很高兴这些天能互相帮助。 5）动词不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式构成。如： Try not to be late again next time.尽量下次不要再迟到。
He wished us never to meet her again.他希望我们永远不要再见到她。 6）疑问词+动词不定式：
不定式和疑问词whether，what，which，whom，where，when，how，why等连用可以在句中起名词的作用，通常跟在tell，know，show，decide，learn，wonder，explain，advise，teach，discuss，find out等动词后面作宾语，有时也可以充当主语、表语等。如：
On hearing the news，he didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. 听到这个消息，他不知道该哭还是该笑。
When to hold the meeting has not decided.什么时候开会还没有决定。
介词后一般不直接接不定式，但可以接疑问词+不定式短语作宾语。如：
Mary gave some advice on how to learn English.玛丽提了一些如何学习英语的建议。 I have no idea of how to do it.我不知道该怎么做。
句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句
一、句子成分
（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。一句话语法: 主语由名词性的词来充当. 例如：
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词） We often speak English in class.（代词）
One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）
The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）
It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。一句话语法: 谓语由动词充当. 有很多同学在写作的时候容易犯的错误就是要么乱用be动词,要么句子没有谓语动词. 谓语的构成如下：
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。注意:这里面的动词原形非常重要. 如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. （四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。一句话语法: 表语使用形容词,不用副词! 例如： Our teacher of English is an American.（名词） Is it yours?（代词）
The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词）
Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式）
His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The machine must be out of order.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词）注意: 副词可以做表语的只有几个,非常简单,考试不考,所以上面说:表语使用形容词,不用副词! 我们所复习的语法直接针对高考,不是搞语法研究,这点请大家一定要记住. The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）
（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。一句话语法:宾语由名词性的词充当,宾语分为动词宾语和介词宾语,分别构成动宾结构和介词结构,这点非常重要,务必要牢记.例如： They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词）
The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代词） How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词）
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词） He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语）
I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语） I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句） 宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.如果同学搞不清楚什么是双宾语,记下下面这个句子: give me a book.一人一物做宾语就是双宾语.说得白一点,双就是两个的意思.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor.
（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。一句话语法: 宾语补足语使用形容词,不用副词.例如： His father named him Dongming.（名词） They painted their boat white.（形容词） Let the fresh air in.（副词）
You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（不定式短语） We saw her entering the room.（现在分词）
We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语） We will soon make our city what your city is now.（从句）
（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。一句话语法:定语使用形容词 定语可由以下等成分表示：
Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词）
China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分词） There are thirty women teachers is our school.（名词） His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（代词）
Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语） The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动名词） He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介词短语）
（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子(这个就叫状语,一句话语法: 状语用副词,不用形容词)，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示： Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组） He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）
He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语） He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语） Wait a minute.（名词）
Once you begin, you must continue.（状语从句） 状语种类如下：
How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）(表示时间就是时间状语,那表示原因的呢? 对喽,就是原因状语) Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语） I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语） Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语） She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）
In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语） He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语） She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语） I am taller than he is.（比较状语）
二、简单句、并列句和复合句 （一）句子种类两种分类法 1、按句子的用途可分四种：
1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years old; She didn't hear of you before.
2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can't she?
3）祈使句：Be careful, boys; Don't talk in class 4）感叹句：How clever the boy is! 2、按句子的结构可分三种：
1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys.
She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
2) 并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。 e.g. You help him and he helps you.
The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。
3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。
e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. （二）简单句的五种基本句型
1、主语+系动词+表语：e.g. He is a student. 2、主语+不及物动词：e.g. We work.
3、主语+及物动词+宾语：e.g. Henry bought a dictionary.
4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g. My father bought me a car. 5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：e.g. Tom made the baby laugh. 注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。 （三）并列句的分类
1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only...but also..., neither...nor..., then等连接。e.g. The teacher's name is Smith, and the student's name is John.
2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either...or..., otherwise等。e.g. Hurry up, or you'll miss the train.
3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. 4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。e.g. August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. （四）高考考点探讨
1、简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型。虽然近几年单纯考查这种基础句型的题不多，但是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分去理解，在书面表达中，没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。
2、祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句是高考命题的热点之一。有时把祈使句与反意疑问句结合于一体来考查。一个题目，几个考点，是近几年命题的发展趋势。
3、高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。如：and, but, or, while，以及其它连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。
4、各种主从复合句的考查常常与动词的时态联系在一起，以宾语从句与状语从句最为明显，时间从句与条件从句中，如果主句是将来时，从句则用一般式表将来，这一点在高考中经常考查。 如：We will go outing if it doesn't rain tomorrow。
英语高中英语句型总结300例
高中系列中精选出的重点句型.同时它们也都是高考常考和口语常用的经典句型. 1. According to…依照/根据…….
According to the newspaper,it's a great movie. 根据报纸说,这是一部很棒的电影. 2. Am I allowed to…我可以……吗
Am I allowed to introduce our new manager Mr. Anderson to all of you 请允许我介绍我们的新经理安德森先生给大家,好吗 3. As matter of fact,…实际上……,……. As matter of fact,I don't agree with you. 实际上,我不大同意你的看法.
4.As far as I'm concerned/…就我而言,…….
As far as I'm concerned, | think we should pay more attention to the safety of schoolchildren. 就我而言,我认为我们应该更关注在校儿童的安全问题. 5.As far as I know,...据我所知,…….
As far as l know,he is not coming,but l may be wrong. 据我所知,他不打算来,但我或许会弄错.
6.As I just mentioned...正如我刚才提到过的,…….
As I just mentioned, nobody should drop out of school unless they believe they face the opportunity of a lifetime. And even then they should reconsider.
正如我刚才提到过的,任何人都不应该辍学,除非他们相信他们面临着一生中难得的机会,尽管那样,他们还需反复思量. [reconsider..重新考虑] 7. As I see it,…在我看来,…….
As I see it, he is not the right person for this position. 在我看来,他不是这个职位的合适人选. 8. As is known to us all, ... 众所周知,……
As is known to us all, Hong Kong is one of the financial centers of Asia. 众所周知,是亚洲金融中心之一. 9. As long as...只要….
As long as we work together, we can make the impossible possible. 只要我们一起努力,我们就能把不可能变为可能. 10.But for...若不是因为……./如果没有…….
But for your generous help, we couldn't have finished the work so soon. 如果没有你的鼎力相助,我们不可能这么快完成工作的. 11.Can you believe (that)... 你相信……吗
Can you believe (that) this excellent song was composed by a high school student 你相信这首美妙的歌曲是出自一个高中生之手吗 12.Can you imagine... 你能想像……吗
Can you imagine how she lived through all these difficulties 你能想像她是怎么捱过种种困难的吗
13.Could you please explain... 你能解释一下……吗
Could you please explain why you didn't come to the meeting yesterday 你能解释一下为什么昨天没来开会吗 14.Can't we... 难道我们不能……吗
Can't we just live in today, without the worries of tomorrow or the regrets of the past 难道我们不能活在当下,不为将来担忧,不为过去叹息吗 [绝对六星级] 15. Could you do me a favor and... 能否请你帮我一个忙…
Could you do me a favor and give this present to Hilary for her birthday 能否请你帮我一个忙,把这份生日礼物交给希拉里 16.Do you by any chance know... 你(碰巧)知道……吗
Do you by any chance know what time the movie begins 你知道电影什么时候开始吗 17. Do you enjoy doing... 你喜欢做……吗
Do you enjoy having a few friends around talking and laughing 你喜欢几个朋友聚在一起有说有笑吗
18. Do you happen to know... 你(碰巧)知道……吗
Do you happen to know how I can get to Times Square 你知道怎么去时代广场吗 19. Do you have any good ways to... 你有没有……的好办法
Do you have any good ways to promote our new product 你有没有什么推销我们新产品的好办法 20. Did you know (that)... 你知道……吗
Did you know (that) Daniel has won the first prize of the writing contest 你知道丹尼尔得了写作比赛的第一名吗 21. Do you know if /whether... 你知道是否……
Do you know if there are any apartments available in this area 你知道这一带还有公寓出租吗
22. Do/ Would you mind doing... 你介意做……吗
Do you mind giving me a glass of water and some aspirin 给我一杯水和一些阿斯匹林,好吗 23. Do/ Would you mind if... 如果……你是否介意
Do you mind if I ask you a few questions 你介意我问你几个问题吗 24. Do you realize (that)... 你有没有意识到……
Do you realize (that) your parents really care about you 你有没有意识到你的父母很关心你 25. Do you think it is possible to... 你认为……可能吗 Do you think it is possible to solve the problem overnight! 一夜之间解决这个问题你觉得有可能吗
26. Do you think it necessary to... 你认为有必要……吗
Do you think it necessary to ask for official permission for the event to take place 你觉得进行这项活动,有必要得到正式的批准吗 27. ...doesn't make sense. 没有道理/没有意义/不清楚 What you say doesn't make sense. I don't agree with you.
你说的话没有道理.我不同意你的看法. 28. Don't be afraid of... 不要害怕…….
Don't be afraid of losing face. 不要害怕丢脸. [李阳疯狂英语经典口语] 29. Don't take it for granted that... 别认为……理所当然.
Don't take it for granted that your parents should support you all your life. 别以为你父母养你一辈子是天经地义的事.
30. Don't waste time doing... 不要浪费时间做…….
Don't waste time learning a lot of useless words in isolation. The best way of learning English words is to blurt out as many authentic sentences as you can.
不要浪费时间孤立地学习没有用的单词.学习英语单词最好的方法就是脱口而出尽量多的地道句子. [ authentic adj. 真正的;可信的]
31. Don't you think that... 难道你不认为……吗
Don't you think that the gap between rich and poor is getting wider 难道你不认为差距越来越大了吗 [五星级精品句] 32. Excuse me for... 请原谅我…….
Excuse me for interrupting, but I have something urgent to say. 很抱歉打断你,但我有急事要说. [ urgent n. 紧急的;急迫的]
33. For one thing,... For another,... 一方面……;另一方面…….
For one thing, these shoes don't suit you. For another, they are too expensive. 一方面,这双鞋子并不适合你;另一方面,这太贵了. 34. From my point of view,... 在我看来,……
From my point of view, Crazy English is the most effective way to learn English. 在我看来,\"疯狂英语\"是学习英语最有效的方法. 35. From where I stand,... 从我的立场来说,…….
From where I stand we should support him no matter what happens. 依我看,无论发生什么事,我们都应该支持他. 36. Generally speaking,... 总的来说,…….
Generally speaking, people like to hear compliments from others. 总的来说,人们都喜欢听到别人的称赞. 37. Hardly...when... 一……就……. [倒装句型]
Hardly had she begun speaking when there was a knock on the door. 她刚开始说话就听到敲门声. 38. Have you considered doing... 你有没有考虑过做……
Have you considered going abroad to study 你有没有考虑过出国留学 39. Have you decided... 你决定好……了吗
Have you decided where to spend your summer vacation 你决定好去哪里过暑假了吗 40. Have you ever been to... 你曾经去过……吗
Have you ever been to Disneyland 你有没有去过迪斯尼乐园 41. Have you thought about/of ... 你有没有想过……
Have you thought about setting up your own business 你想过自己做生意吗 42. Haven't you heard of ... 难道你没听说过……吗 Haven't you heard of Crazy English established by Li Yang 难道你没听说过李阳创立的疯狂英语吗
43. How are you getting on / along with... ……进展如何/与……相处如何 How are you getting on / along with your English study 你的英语学习进展如何 44. How are you going to... 你打算如何……
How are you going to celebrate your graduation 你打算如何庆祝你毕业 45. How does...sound ……(听起来)怎么样
How does making our appointment at 8 sound 我们把约会定在8点如何 46. How long will it take you to... ……要用多长时间
How long will it take you to recite such a passage 你背诵这么一段文章要多长时间 47. How should I... 我该如何……
How should I tell him the bad news 我该如何告诉他这个坏消息 48. I absolutely agree with... …我完全同意…….
Sure, I absolutely agree with your point. 当然,我绝对同意你的观点. 49. I'm grateful for... 我对……特别感激.
I'm grateful for your timely help. 非常感谢你及时的帮助. [timely adj.及时的]
50. I am planning to... …我打算…….
I am planning to travel around China. 我打算环游中国.
51. I am very pleased to have this opportunity to... 我很高兴有机会……. I am very pleased to have this opportunity to stand here and give you a speech.
我很高兴有机会站在这里为你们演讲. 52. I apologize for... 我为……道歉.
I apologize for leaving you alone. 很抱歉把你一个人留下. 53. I believe (that)... …我相信…….
I believe that we can conquer cancer totally some day. 我相信我们总有一天能够完全战胜癌症. 54. I believe we should... 我认为我们应该…….
I believe we should work together to protect our environment. 我认为我们应该携手保护环境. 55. I can't imagine... 我无法想像…….
I can't imagine what my life would be like if I were disabled. 我无法想像如果我身患残疾,我的生活会怎样. 56. I can't stand it when... 我无法忍受…….
I can't stand it when people talk with their mouth full. 我无法忍受别人说话的时候满嘴食物. 57.I didn't expect to...我没想到…….
I didn't expect to receive such a pretty card from him. 我没想到能收到他寄来的那么漂亮的卡片. 58. I didn't mean to... 我不是有意…….
I didn't mean to offend you. 我不是有意要冒犯你的. [offend n.冒犯;得罪] 59. I didn't realize... 我不知道…….俄没意识到…….
I didn't realize how much this meant to you. 我没意识到这对你意义有多大. 60. I (don't) feel like... 我(不)想…….
1) I feel like going rock climbing with you this weekend. 这周末我想和你一起去攀岩. 2) I really don't feel like going to the movies tonight. 我今晚真的不想去看电影. 61 . I don't get very excited about... 我对……不怎么感兴趣.
I don't get very excited about going to the concert. 我对去听演唱会不怎么感兴趣. 62. I don't know how to... 我不知道如何…….
I don't know how to answer the question. 我不知道如何回答这个问题. 63. I don't see (that)... 我看不出…….我认为……不…….
I don't see (that) she really intends to help us out. 我觉得她并不打算帮助我们. . I don't think it is necessary to... 我认为没有必要…….
I don't think it is necessary to leave so early.我认为没有必要这么早走. 65. I don't think it's right to... 我认为……是不对的.
I don't think it's right to bad mouth other people. 我认为说别人坏话是不对的.
66. I doubt that /if /whether... 我怀疑哦不相信……. I doubt if what he said is true. 我不相信他所说的是真的. 67.I dream of... 我梦想…….
I dream of being a successful salesman. 我梦想成为一名成功的推销员. 68. I'm dying to... 我渴望…….俄盼望…….
I'm dying to leave for Beijing to meet my parents. 我盼望着去北京见我的父母. 69. I feel very honored to... 我觉得很荣幸…….
I feel very honored to be a member of this team. 能成为这个队的一员我深感荣幸. 70. I'm fed up with... 我厌倦了…….我受够了……. I'm fed up with all these traffic jams. 我讨厌老是交通堵塞. 71. I'm sick and tired of... 我对……感到厌烦.
I'm sick and tired of the same old routine every day. 我对每天同样的呆板的日常生活感到厌倦. [routine n.日常事物;常规]
72. I find it hard for me to... 我发现……对我来说很难.
I find it hard for me to make a speech in public. 我发现在公众场合作演讲对我来说很难. 73. I hate to disagree with you, but... 我不想跟你有不同意见,但是……. I hate to disagree with you, but | think your view is impractical.
我不想跟你有不同意见,但我认为你的观点不切合实际. [impractical adj.不切实际的] 74.I have confidence in... 我相信…….俄对……有信心. I have confidence in winning the Crazy English speech contest. 我有信心赢得这次疯狂英语演讲比赛. 75. I have nothing to do with... 我与……无关.
I have nothing to do with that man; I've never seen him before. 我与那个人一点关系都没有,我以前从来没见过他. 76. I have no experience in... 我在……方面没有经验.
I have no experience in dealing with children.我在和孩子打交道方面没有什么经验. 77. I haven't (done)... for a long time. 我很久没有……了. I haven't played the piano for a long time.我很久没有弹钢琴了. 78. I insist that... 我坚决要求……. [宾语从句使用虚拟语气]│ I insist that you give me my money back.我坚持要求你把钱退给我. 79. I insist on (doing)...…我坚持…….
I insisted on making him our coach. 我坚持要他做我们的教练. 80. I intend to...…我打算…….
I intend to give him a surprise. 我打算给他一个惊喜.
81. I like nothing better than... 我喜欢……胜过任何东西.俄最喜欢……. I like nothing better than helping people. 我最喜欢帮助别人. 82. I never dreamed of...…我从未想过…….
I never dreamed of meeting you here. What a coincidence! 我从未想过会在这里见到你.真是太巧了! [coincidence n.巧合;凑巧]
83. I prefer... to...…我喜欢……甚于…….
I prefer working as a manager in a small company to working as a clerk in a big one. 我喜欢当个小公司的经理甚于在大公司做小职员. 84. I prefer to... rather than...我宁愿…...而不愿.…\".
I prefer to stay at home rather than go out 我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去. 85. I really want to know... 我真的很想知道…….
I really want to know how to improve my English pronunciation. 我真的很想知道如何改进我的英文发音.
86. I set my mind to do sth. / on sth.我下定决心……. I set my mind to believe, hope, and endure all things. 我下定决心对所有事情采取信任,希望和容忍的态度. 87. I sincerely hope that...我真诚地希望…….
I sincerely hope that our friendship will last forever. 我真诚地希望我们的友谊天长地久. 88. I strongly advise you to... 我强烈建议你…….
I strongly advise you to attend the Crazy English Summer Camp, and I'm sure you will get more than you expected. 我强烈建议你参加疯狂英语夏令营,我相信你的收获会比你想像的要多. . I suggest (that)... 我建议……. [宾语从句使用虚拟语气1
I suggest (that) you go there by yourself. 我建议你自己一个人去那里. 90. I think this is a good chance for you to... 我认为这是你…;—的一个好机会.
I think this is a good chance for you to test your English. 我认为这是测试你英语的一个好机会. 91. I think it is a good idea to... 我认为……是个好主意.
I think it is a good idea to do exercise every day. 我认为每天做运动是个好主意.
92. I think it is a waste of money / time doing... 我觉得……是浪费树时间. I think it is a waste of time sitting in front of the television all day. 我觉得整天看电视是浪费时间.
93 .I think it's wrong to...我认为……是不对的. I think it's wrong to impose your thoughts on others. 我认为把自己的想法强加给别人是不对的. [impose v. 强加;利用]
94. I think that it is impossible to... 我觉得……是不可能的.
I think that it is impossible to be there before eight. 我觉得在8点之前赶到那里是不可能的. 95. I think you might like to...我想你可能会喜,灯想……. I think you might like to know something about the new album. 我想你可能会想知道一些关于这张新专辑的介绍. 96. I think you'd better... 我觉得你最好…….
I think you'd better hurry up, or you will be late. 我觉得你最好快点,要不就迟到了. 97. I want to express my gratitude to... 我要感谢…….
I want to express my gratitude to my family for their support. 我要感谢我的家人给我的支持. 98. I was impressed by... 我被……打动了./……给我留下深刻印象.
I was impressed by his inspiring words, and I decided to cooperate with him. 他令人鼓舞的话打动了我,我决定跟他合作.
99. 1 wonder / was wondering if... 我想知道…….我在想是否…….
1) I wonder if I could take this dictionary home. 我想知道我能否把这本字典带回家. 2) I was wondering if you'd like to go to a concert tomorrow night. 我在想你明天晚上是否愿意去听演唱会.
100. I demanded (that)...我要求……. [宾语从句虚拟语气]
I demanded (that) I see the principal right away. 我要求马上见校长. 101. I won't...unless... 除非……否则我不会…….
I won't write to him unless he writes to me first. 我不会写信给他的,除非他先写给我. 102. I used to... 我过去常常…….
I used to go play basketball with some of my friends every Saturday afternoon. 以前我和一些朋友每星期六下午都去打篮球. 103. I would advise you to... 我会建议你…….
I would advise you to get up earlier on Mondays, because there's always a traffic jam. 我会建议你星期一早上早点起床,因为总是会塞车. 104. I would appreciate it if... 如果……,我会非常感激.
I would appreciate it if you call me back this evening. 如果你晚上给我回电话,我会非常感激. 105. I would like to recommend... 我想推荐…….
I would like to recommend the Vietnamese cuisine in that restaurant. 我想推荐一下那家餐厅的越南菜. [cuisine n. 烹饪;烹调风格]
106. I would like to... rather than... 我宁愿……也不……. I would like to take a walk rather than watch TV this weekend. 这周末我宁愿散步也不想看电视.
107. I would rather...than... 我宁愿……,而不愿…….
I would rather stay at home than go shopping on such humid day. 在这样潮湿的天气里,我宁愿呆在家里,也不愿去购物. 108. I wouldn't feel happy if... 如果……我会不高兴的. I wouldn't feel happy if you didn't come to my birthday party. 如果你不来我的生日聚合的话,我会不高兴的.
109. I'd be happy to..., if you'd like. 如果你愿意,我很高兴…….
I'd be happy to show you around, if you'd like. 如果你愿意,我很高兴带你四处看看. 110. I'd like to know more about... 我想了解更多关于……. I'd like to know more about the project you are carrying out. 我想更多地了解你们正在进行的项目.
111. I'd like to suggest you do... 我想建议你…….
I'd like to suggest you take the test when you are still in school. 我想建议你在上学的时候就参加这个考试. 112. I'd like /love to, but... 我很想,但…….
I'd love to, but I'm afraid I'm otherwise engaged. 我很想,但恐怕我已经另有安排了. [ 拒绝别人邀请的经典句型.]
113. I'm (not) certain... 我(不)确定…….
I'm certain that you will get over your laziness. 我确信你会克服你的惰性的. [没有什么是不能克服的,只要有决心]
114. I'm afraid I won't be able to... 恐怕我不能……. I'm afraid I won't be able to finish the task before Friday. 恐怕我无法在星期五之前完成这项任务. 115. I'm busy with (doing)... 我正忙于…….
Don't bother me — I'm busy with (doing) my project right now. 别打扰我,我现在正忙于作计划呢.
116. I'm considering (doing)... 我正考虑…….
I'm considering buying a second-hand computer for I'm short of money now. 因为现在钱不够,我正考虑买台二手电脑. 117. I'm convinced that... 我确信…….
I'm convinced that what you said is quite right. 我相信你所说的相当正确. 118. I'm curious to (do)/about... 我对(做)……很好奇.
I'm curious to know what was happening outside. 我很好奇,想知道外面发生了什么事. 119. I'm determined to...我决定…….
I'm determined to read 10 books this month. 这个月我决定读十本书. 120. I'm getting a little concerned about... 我对……有点担忧.
I'm getting a little concerned about the results of my TOEFL test. 我对我的托福考试成绩有点担忧. [TOEFL = Test of English as a Foreign Language英语作为外国语的考试(也称托福考试)(美国大学对外国学生入学前的英语测试)]
121. I'm interested in...我对……感兴趣.
I'm interested in joining the English corner. 我有兴趣参加英语角. 122. I'm (just) calling to... 我打电话来是要…….
I am (just) calling to confirm my flight number. 我打电话来是要确认我的航班号. 123. I'm (not) sure... 我(不是)很确定…….
I'm not sure if I should accept that job offer in Hong Kong. 我不确定我是否应该接受的那份工作.
124. I'm not very interested in... 我对……不是很感兴趣.
I'm not very interested in listening to classical music. 我对听古典音乐不是很感兴趣. 125. I'm occupied (with)... 我忙于…….
I'm occupied with preparing for the final exams; don't bother me! 我正忙着准备期末考试,别来打扰我1
126. I'm really fond of... 我的确喜欢…….
I'm really fond of surfing the Internet; it is pretty convenient. 我的确喜欢上网,上网真的很方便. 127. I'm really / terribly / extremely sorry for... 我对……感到非常抱歉. I'm really sorry for the delay of the report. 报告延误上交,我对此感到非常抱歉. I28. I've been thinking about... 我一直想…….
I've been thinking about going to France to study art. 我一直想去法国学艺术. 129. I have a desire to... 我非常渴望…….
I have a strong desire to speak good English. 我非常渴望说一口流利的英语. 130. I've decided to... 我已经决定…….
I've decided to run for the monitor of our class. 我已经决定竞选班长了. [run for:竞选] [疯狂提醒] 接下来的四个句型都是虚拟语气句型,请疯狂操练,坚决攻克这一难点. 131. If I did..., I would... 如果我……,我会…….
If I knew his number, I would phone him. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我会打电话给他的. 132. If I had done..., I would have done... 如果我……,我就会……. If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport. 如果我知道你要来,我就会去机场接你了.
133. If I were you... I would... 如果我是你……,我就会…….
If I were you, I would get rid of this bad habit. 如果我是你,我就会改掉这个坏习惯. 134. If only...! 真希望……!若是……那该多好啊!
If only she would accept my invitation! 要是她接受我的邀请该多好啊1 135. If it is possible, ... 可能的话…….
1) If it is possible, I'd like to see you tomorrow. 若可能,我想明天见你. 2) If it is possible, lend me your car tonight. 若可能,今晚把你的车借给我. 136. If you ask me, I think... 如果你问我,我认为…….
If you ask me, I think you should practice more. 如果你问我,我认为你应该多加练习. 137. If you want to..., you'll have to... 如果你想……,你将不得不……. If you want to remember more words, you'll have to read a lot in English. 你要是想记住更多的单词,你就得大量地读英语. 138. In a word... 总之,…
In a word, money is something but not everything. 总之,金钱很重要,但它不是万能的. 139. In brief/short, ...,简言之,…….
1) In brief, we cannot please everyone all the time. 简而言之,我们无法总是让每个人都满意.
2) In short, science frees us from the bondage of nature. It has made our lives easier and more comfortable.总之,科学把我们从自然的束缚中解脱出来,使我们生活得更加轻松舒适. [bondage n.束缚;奴役]
140. In conclusion, ...最后,…….聪之,…….
In conclusion, I find mutual understanding plays a key role in building a friendly relationship. 总之,我发现相互理解对建立友好关系至关重要. 141. In general, ... -—般而言,…….
In general, graduates who speak good English will have more chances than those who don't. 一般而言,会讲流利英语的毕业生比英语不好的毕业生机会更多. 142. In my opinion /view, ... 我认为…….
In my opinion, we should never abandon hope for success. 我认为我们永远都不应该放弃对成功的希望. [abandon..放弃;遗弃] 143. In order to..., you should... 为了..…·,你应该..….
In order to understand this essay fully, you should read more about its author. 为了更充分地理解这篇文章,你应该多看一些关于作者的介绍. 144. In other words, ... 换句话说,…….
In other words, you should read and speak English crazily every day. 换句话说,你应该每天疯狂读英语,说英语. 145. In that case,… 既然那样,……. │
In that case, I have no more to say.既然那样,我没什么好说的了. 146. ...is of great importance. ......很重要. │
If you want to succeed in life, I think to set a goal for yourself is of great importance. 如果你想在生活中成功,我觉得为自己确立一个目标是非常重要的. 147. Is it convenient for you to... 你是否方便……
Is it convenient for you to post this letter for me when you go out 你出去的时候是否方便帮我寄这封信 148. Is it OK if… 如果……可以吗
Is it OK if I borrow your notebook tonight 我今晚借你的笔记本可以吗 149. Is it possible to... …有可能吗
Is it possible to exchange the milk shake for the ice cream
可以把奶昔换成雪糕吗 [milkshake:奶昔]
150. Is there a better way to... ……有没有更好的方法 Is there a better way to search for images on the Internet 在网上搜索图片有没有更好的办法
151. Is there any chance you could possibly... 你有没有可能……
Is there any chance you could possibly come to China 你有没有可能来中国 152. Is there anything else that... 还有别的……吗
Is there anything else that you don't understand 你还有什么不懂的地方吗 153. It appears that... 看来…,/ 似乎…
It appears that great progress has been made in the IT industry. 看来信息产业取得了巨大的进步.
154. It depends on whether... 这取决于……是否…….
It depends on whether you are determined to do it or not. 这取决于你是否决心要做这件事情. 155. It doesn't make sense to...…没有任何意义.
It doesn't make sense to argue with him. 和他争论没有任何意义. 156. It doesn't matter whether /if... 如果……也没关系.
It doesn't matter if you have made mistakes. Learn from your mistakes and you'll make progress. 如果犯错误了也没关系.从错误中学习,你就会进步. 157. It goes without saying that... 理应如此/不言而喻.
It goes without saying that women should have equal rights and opportunities with men. 女性理应拥有和男性平等的权利和机会.
158. It makes a / no difference (to sb.) ... (对某人来说)……很重要/无所谓. It makes no difference to me whether you go or not. 你去不去对我来说都无所谓. 159. It occurred to me that... ……浮现于我的脑中.俄想起……. It suddenly occurred to me that ' knew how to solve that problem. 我突然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题. 160. It won't do any harm to... 没有坏处.
It won't do any harm to try it. 试试又不会有什么坏处. 161. It would be wonderful if... 要是……那就太好了.
It would be wonderful if we can go visit Mount Emei this summer! 要是今年夏天我们能去峨眉山旅游就好了1
162. It happened that...……很偶然.
It happened that I won the football lottery last week. 我上星期偶然中了足彩. [ lottery n. 彩票;奖券]
163. It helps if ... 如果……的话,将会(对某人)有帮助/好处.
It helps if you can conquer your shyness and yell out English crazily. 如果你能够克服你的羞涩,疯狂大喊英语,将会对你有好处. 1. It's amazing (that) ...……很了不起.
It's amazing (that) China became the third country that launched a manned spacecraft. 中国成为第三个发送载人航天飞机的国家,真是很了不起. 165. It is/was...that/who... [强调句句型]
It was Edward who told me about it. 告诉我这件事的是爱德华. 166. It is bad to....……是不好的.
It is bad to push yourself too hard. Just try your best. 把自己逼得太紧不好.尽力而为就行了. 167. It's hard to imagine...…很难想像…….
It's hard to imagine how he made it without any help. 很难想像没有人帮助,他是怎样成功的. 168. It is believed that...…人们认为…….
It is believed that what she said is true. 大家相信她的话是真的. 169. It didn't /won't take long before... 没多久坏需要多久……就…….
It didn't take long before he got used to life abroad. 没多久他就适应了国外的生活. 170. It is easier to... than to.......比.....容易.
It is easier to buy a car than to keep one. 买车容易养车难. 171. It is easy enough to...……相当容易.
It is easy enough to copy and paste; but you should write something by yourself. 抄袭(复制十粘贴)非常容易,但是你应该自己写一些东西. 172.It is essential that... 有必要……. [主语从句使用虚拟语气]
It is essential that effective measures be taken to protect our civil rights. 有必要采取有效的措施来保障我们的公民权利. 173. It is good manners to do...……是有礼貌的表现.
It is good manners to bring along a small gift or some flowers when you are invited to dinner by a foreign friend.
如果外国友人邀请你共进晚餐,去的时候带上一份小礼物或者鲜花是有礼貌的表现.
174. It is high time ... 现在是……的时候了./早就应该……了. [从句使用虚拟语气] It is high time we stopped talking about this silly question. 我们早就该结束讨论这个愚蠢的问题了. 175. It is hoped that... 希望…….
It is hoped that no one was seriously injured in the car crash. 希望在这场车祸中没有人受重伤.
176. It is important that... ……是很重要的. [主语从句使用虚拟语气] It is important that something be done before it's too late. 在事情变得不能挽回之前采取一些行动是很重要的. 177. It's long been my dream to...……一直是我的梦想.
It's long been my dream to make a speech in English. 用英语发表演讲一直是我的梦想. 178. It is (very /not) likely that... (很/没)有可能…….
It is likely that it will rain this afternoon. 今天下午很有可能下雨. 179. It is (not) necessary to...……是(没)有必要的.
1) I think it is necessary to look before you leap. 我觉得三思而后行是有必要的.
2) When invited, it is not necessary for you to bring anything with you. 去做客不一定非要带礼物. 180. It is no use doing sth. 做某事是毫无用处的. It is no use talking without doing. 光说不做是没有用的. 181. It is not unusual for sb. to do... 某人做……不足为奇.
It is not unusual for the British people to drink tea. 英国人喝茶不足为奇. 182. It is possible /impossible to...……是(不)可能的. It's impossible to predict the outcome of the game. 要预知比赛结果是不可能的. [ outcome n. 结果;成果] 1 83. It is dangerous to......危险.
It is dangerous to explore the jungle with so many wild animals around. 在很多野兽出没的丛林里探险是危险的.
184. It is (rather) common to do... ……(相当)普遍.
It is rather common for women to hold important positions in companies now. 如今女性在公司担任重要职位相当普遍. 185. It is reported that...据说……./据报导…….
It is reported that the world famous football star will come to China next year.
据说那位闻名世界的足球明星明年要来中国.
186. lt is required that... 要求……. [主语从句使用虚拟语气l
It is required that every student (should) attend the meeting this afternoon. 要求每个学生都参加下午的大会. 187. It is said that... 据说…….
It is said that Liu Xiang will come to our city soon. 据说刘翔不久将来我市. 188. It is thought that... 人们认为…….
It is thought that man's ability to learn languages makes him different from the animals. 人们认为人类的语言学习能力使其区别于动物. 1. It is (not) true that... ……(不)是真的.
It is true that city life is much more exciting than country life. 确实,城市生活比乡村生活更令人兴奋. 190. It is (very) difficult to...……(非常)困难.
It is very difficult to foretell what the world will be like in the future. 很难预测将来的世界会怎样. [ foretell v. 预言;预测]
191. Ifs really a challenge for me to...……对我来说确实是一个挑战.
It's really a challenge for me to take this job, and I thin I will appreciate working with you. 做这份工作对我来说确实是一个挑战,我想我会很高兴和你们一起工作的. 192. It is (very) useful to...……很有用.
It is very useful to recite English sentences and passages. 背诵英语句子和短文非常有用.
193. It is/ was obvious/clear that... 很明显…….
It is obvious / clear that she is terribly nervous on stage. 很明显她在台上非常紧张. 194. It seems / seemed that... 好像…….似乎…….
It seemed that no one knew what had happened.似乎无人知道发生了什么事. 195. It sounds like ...…听起来好像……. It sounds like a good idea. 听起来这主意不错.
196. It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth. 某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事.
It took me years of hard work to speak good English. 为了讲一口流利的英语,我花了多年时间刻苦操练.
197. It wasn't until…that... 直到……才…….
It wasn't until yesterday that I got your letter. 我直到昨天才收到你的来信. 198.It would be wonderful if... 如果……那就太好了.
It would be wonderful if we can get together on Christmas. 如果圣诞节我们能聚一聚那就太好了. 199. It's not /just like sb. to do sth.……的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风.
lt's not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the most important thing in life. 上课迟到不像吉姆的一贯作风,他把时间看作是生命中最重要的. 200. lt's a bad habit to...……是一个坏习惯.
It's a bad habit to put off things until the last minute. 把事情拖到最后一刻才做是个坏习惯. 201. It's a great pleasure to...……(感到)非常愉快.
It's a great pleasure to do business with you. 跟你做生意我感到非常愉快.
202. It's customary to...…是习惯.
It's customary to give people gifts on their birthday. 过生日送礼物是一种习俗. 203. It's delightful to...……令人很高兴.
lt's delightful to play by the seashore. 在海滨玩令人很高兴. 204.lt's my great honor to...……是我莫大的荣幸.
It's my great honor to introduce the governor. 我很荣幸向大家介绍我们的州长. 205. It's (not) good to...……(不)好.
It's not good to get into the habit of telling lies. 养成说谎的习惯不好. 206. It's our duty to... ……是我们的责任.
It's our duty to protect the forests from destruction. 保护森林免遭破坏是我们的责任. 207. It's wrong to...……是不对的.
It's wrong to read people's private letters without permission.未经允许看别人的私人信件是不对的. 208. It's a shame / pity that... 可惜/遗憾…….
It's a shame that you cannot make it to the party tonight. 今晚你不能来参加聚会,真可惜. 209. It is (really) unbelievable that...……(真)让人难以置信.
It's really unbelievable that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends! 这样一个老实人竟会出卖朋友,真让人难以置信1 210. It is /will be difficult to...……(会)很难.
I think it will be difficult to tell her the truth. 我认为告诉她会很难. 211. It'll do you good to...……对你有好处.
I think it'll do you good to drink eight glasses of water every day. 我认为每天喝八杯水对你有好处. 212. Last but not least, ...…最后但同样重要的是…….
Last but not least, I'd love to thank all my teachers and friends.
最后但同样重要的是,我要感谢我所有的老师和朋友. [经典演讲句型] 213. Let me explain why...…让我解释为什么…….
Let me explain why I didn't do my homework. 让我解释为什么我没做家庭作业. 214. Let me fill you in on... 让我来告诉你……. [六星级句型]
Let me fill you in on the company's new policies. 让我来告诉你公司的新. [ fill sb. in on: 对某人提供有关……的情况] 215. (Just) let me know if... 如果……,请告诉我.
1) Let me know if you change your mind. 如果你改变了主意,请告诉我.
2) Just let me know if you don't know how to get to that shop. I will be glad to take you there. 如果你不知道怎么去那家店,请告诉我.我很乐意带你去那的. 216. Let me see if... 让我看看是否…….
Let me see if I can be of any help. 让我看看能否帮上什么忙. 217. Make sure to do sth.—定要做某事.
Make sure to leave a note if you go out. 你出去的话一定要留个条. 218. Maybe it's better to... 可能……会更好一些.
Maybe it's better to stay at the hospital for another few days.你在医院再住几天可能会更好一些. 219. ... means a great deal to me.……对我意义重大.
Your encouragement means a great deal to me. 你的鼓励对我来说意义重大. 220. My dream / goal / hope / plan is... 我的梦想/目标/希望所划是……. My dream is to speak English in three months. 我的梦想是三个月内会说英语. 221. My point of view is that... 我的观点是…….
My point of view is that everybody should have the right to get an education. 我的观点是每个人都应该有权利接受教育. 222. no matter what... …无论什么…….
No matter what happens, I'll always stand by you. 不论发生什么事,我都永远支持你. 223. no one can deny that... 没有人能够否认…….
No one can deny that the accident was caused by carelessness. 没有人能够否认这起事故是由粗心造成的. 224. no sooner...than... 一……就……. [倒装句型]
No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep. 他一合眼就睡着了. 225. no words can express... 语言难以表达……./……难以言表.
No words can express how surprised and happy I was when I saw the gift. 语言难以表达当我看到那份礼物时有多么的惊喜. 226. Not until...did... 直到……才……. [倒装句型]
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到我开始工作,我才意识到我已蹉跎了很多岁月. 227. Now that...,…既然/由于……,…….
Now that we are alone, we can talk freely. 既然我们单独在一起,就无拘束地聊聊吧. 228. On the condition that... …条件是…….
You can leave school early, on the condition that you finish your assignment first. 你可以早点离校,条件是你得先做完作业. 229. On the contrary, ... 正好相反,…….
Their criticism did not discourage me. On the contrary, I worked even harder. 他们的批评并没有使我感到气馁,相反,我比以前更加努力了.
230. On (the) one hand..., on the other (hand), ... 一方面……,另一方面…….
On (the) one hand I admire your ability, but on the other (hand) I distrust your judgment. 一方面我钦佩你的才能,但另一方面我不相信你的判断力.
231. One of the +形容词最高级+名词+is… 最……之一的就是…… One of the most impressive pieces of writing is Hamlet. 给人印象最深的著作之一就是《哈姆雷特》.
232. Personally, I think / believe / feel... 我个人认为/相信/感觉…….
Personally, I think that women play an increasingly important role in society now. 我个人认为女性在社会中发挥着越来越重要的作用. ; 233. Please don't hesitate to... 请随时…….
Please don't hesitate to contact us if you are in need of assistance. 如果你需要协助,请随时联系我们. 234. Please feel free to... …请随时…….
Please feel free to visit me when you are in Guangzhou. 在广州的时候,请随时来找我. 235. Please forgive me for... …请原谅我……. Please forgive me for being late. 请原谅我来晚了. 236. Please give my best wishes to...…请代我问候…….
Please give my best wishes to your parents. 请代我问候你的父母. 237. Recent studies show that... 最近研究表明…….
Recent studies show that an increasing number of students go abroad at an early age. 最近调查表明,越来越多的学生在年纪尚小的时候就出国留学了. 238. Sb. can do nothing but do... 除了做……,某人什么也做不了.
Their neighbors tan do nothing but envy their new pool. 他们的邻居只能羡慕他们的新泳池. 239. Sb. have / has / had no choice but to do... 某人除了做……别无选择. We had no choice but to take a taxi for we'd missed the last bus. 由于错过了最后一班公共汽车,除了乘坐的士,我们别无选择. 240. Sb. look(s) as if... 某人看上去好像…….
She looks as if she is unfriendly at first. 她起初看上去好像一点都不友好. 241. Something must be done to...…必须采取措施…….
Something must be done to change our current examination system.
必须采取措施来改革我们现行的考试制度.
242. Sorry to bother you, but... …很抱歉打扰你,可是……. Sorry to bother you, but I have a question to ask you. 很抱歉打扰你,可是我有个问题要问你. 243. Thanks to... 由于…/多亏….
Thanks to his parents' encouragement and support, he finally realized his dream. 多亏了他父母的鼓励与支持,他终于实现了他的梦想. 244. The point is... 重点/关键是…….
The point is that you have to keep your promise to help her with her English. 关键是你得遵守诺言,帮她学习英语.
245. The problem / question is that / whether... 问题是…….
1) The problem now is that we're locked out of the house. 现在的问题是我们被锁在门外了. 2) The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们能否帮助我们. 246. The reason why... is...…的原因就是…….
The reason why he made such a great achievement is his perseverance. 他之所以取得如此伟大的成就,原因是他坚持不懈. [ perseverance n.坚持;坚定不移] [坚持创造辉煌!] 247. The secret of...is to... ...的秘诀是.......
The secret of success is to do the common things uncommonly well. 成功的秘诀是将平凡的事做得不平凡. [五星级名言!李阳老师热烈推荐!] 248. The way I see it, ..…我的看法是…….
The way I see it, you should avoid making the same mistake again. 我的看法是你应该避免再犯同样的错误.
249. This was the moment when...…就是那个时候…….
This was the moment when I realized that I wanted to be a professional singer. 就是那时我意识到自己想成为一名专业歌手.
250. That reminds me, ... 那提醒了我……./那让我想起了…….
That reminds me, I must get some cash. 这倒提醒了我,我得取一些现金. 251. There are signs that... 有……的迹象/征兆.有迹象表明/显示……. There are signs that you have made a significant improvement. 有迹象表明你有了显著的进步.
252. There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问,…….
There is no doubt that health is better than wealth. 毫无疑问,健康胜于财富. 253. There seems to be... …看起来好像…….
There seems to be a little misunderstanding between them. 看起来他们之间好像有点小误会. 254. There used to be... …过去曾有……./曾经有过…….
There used to be many forests in our country. 以前我们国家有很多森林.
255. There's no point in... ……是无意义的.
There's no point in getting angry when things have happened. 对已发生的事生气是没有意义的. 256. There's no way... ……绝不可能.
There's no way one could succeed without hard work. 一个人不努力绝不可能成功. 257. To a great/some extent, ... 在很大/某种程度上,…….
1) To a great extent, you will be on your own. 在很大程度上,你要靠自己.
2) To some extent, from self-confidence comes success and from success comes more self-confidence. 在某种程度上,成功源于自信,而成功又能带来更多的自信. 258. To be frank / honest, ...老实说,…….说实话,…….
To be honest, I don't think we have a chance of winning. 说实话,我认为我们没有获胜的可能. 259. To one's delight / joy / surprise,... 让某人高兴/惊奇的是,……. 1) To my delight, there's a sale on clothes on Beijing Road, 让我高兴的是,北京路的衣服正在大减价.
2) To my surprise, I got a new computer for my birthday. 令我惊奇的是,我得到一台电脑作为生日礼物. 260. To start with, ...…首先,…….
To start with, let's talk about how much money we need.首先,让我们讨论一下我们需要多少资金. 261. To sum up... 总之,…….总而言之,…….
To sum up, life in the future will certainly be very different from that of today. 总之,未来的生活肯定会和当前的很不一样. 262. To tell (you) the truth,... …说实话,…….
To tell you the truth, I used to make a lot of trouble when I was young.不瞒你说,我小时候老是闯祸. 263. We hold the opinion that... 我们认为…….
We hold the opinion that miracles sometimes occur, but one has to work terribly hard for them. 我们认为奇迹有时候是会发生的,但是你得为之拼搏. 2. We must do something to... 我们必须采取行动以…….
We must do something to reduce the pollution. 我们必须采取措施减少污染. 265. We must take action / measures to... 我们必须采取行动/措施以…….
1) We must take action to keep up with new developments. 我们必须采取行动跟上新的发展形势. 2) We must take measures to better the traffic. 我们必须采取措施改善交通状况. 266. We should make every effort to... 我们应该竭尽全力……. We should make every effort to protect our valuable drinking water. 我们应该竭尽全力保护我们宝贵的淡水.
267. What do you find the hardest in... 你觉得……最大的困难是什么
What do you find the hardest in learning English 你觉得学英语最大的困难是什么 268. What do you mean by... 你……是什么意思
What do you mean by telling me a lie 你跟我撒谎是什么意思
269. What do you say... 你认为……怎么样
What do you say we go for a drive one of these days when it clears up 找一天天晴的时候我们开车出去兜兜风,你认为怎么样 270. What do you think of... 你认为……怎么样
What do you think of the relationship between China and America 你认为中美关系如何 271. What I'm getting at is... 我的意思是…….
What I'm getting at is that he deserves this promotion. 我的意思是他被提升是理所应当的. 272. What is more serious is that... 更严重的是…….
What is more serious is that you didn't realize your mistake.更严重的是你没有意识到自己的错误. 273. What's the point of... ……意义何在 为什么要…… What's the point of arguing about it 争论这件事意义何在
274. What makes you think... 是什么让你认为…… 你为什么认为…… What makes you think he will show up 是什么让你认为他会来 275. What seems to be the problem with... ……大概是什么问题
What seems to be the problem with the computer It doesn't work smoothly. 这电脑大概出了什么问题 运行得很不顺.
276. What seems to be the trouble is... 好像问题在于…….
What seems to be the trouble is that nobody knows how to operate this machine. 好像问题在于没有人知道怎样操作这台机器. 277. What surprised me is that...令我吃惊的是…….
What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her. 让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡. [ indifferent adj.不关心的;冷漠的] 278. What will you do if... 如果……,你会做什么
What will you do if such kind of thing happens to you 如果你碰到这样的事,你会做什么 279. What you have to do is... 你必须做的是…….
What you have to do is hand in your composition tomorrow. 你必须做的是明天交作文. 280. What would you say /think of... 你认为……怎么样 What would you say if the project will have to be postponed 如果这个项目不得不推迟你认为怎么样
281. When do you want me to... 你想让我在什么时候……
When do you want me to give you my final decision 你想让我在什么时候给你最后决定 282. When it comes to... 谈到……,./涉及到…….
When it comes to English, he's an expert. 在英语方面,他是个专家. 283. When will it be convenient for you to... 你看什么时候方便……
When will it be convenient for you to come to my home 你看什么时候方便来我家 284. Would you be so kind as to... 能否请你……
Would you be so kind as to get our board and lodging ready
能否请你帮我们安排好食宿 [ board and lodging:食宿] 285. Would you like to... 你想……吗
Would you like to join us We're sure you'll have a good time. 你想加入我们吗 我们相信你会玩得很开心的. 286. You are expected to... 你要//应该…….
You are expected to work late tonight. 你今晚要加班. 287. You are (not) allowed to... (不)允许你…….
You are not allowed to use my computer when I'm away. 我不在的时候不许用我的电脑. 288. You are (not) permitted to... (不)允许你…….
You are not permitted to park your car here. 你不能把车停在这. 2. You are required to...…要求你…….
You are required to show the ticket. 你必须出示门票. 290. You are supposed to... 你应该.......
You are supposed to have finished reading this novel by now. 到现在你应该看完这本小说了. 291. You don't have to... …你没必要……. You don't have to be present. 你不必到场. 292. You don't need to... …你没必要…….
You don't need to do all that was required of us. 你没必要做要求我们做的一切. 293. You really have to do something about... 你的确应该处理一下…./你真得为…做点什么了.
You really have to do something about your poor pronunciation. 你真得为你糟糕的发音做点什么了.
294. You should avoid doing sth. 你应该避免做某事. You should avoid being late for school. 你应该避免上学迟到. 295. You should make an effort to... 你应该努力…….
You should make an effort to improve your reading comprehension. 你应该努力提高你的阅读能力. 296. You should make good use of... 你应该充分利用……. You should make good use of your spare time to practice English. 你应该充分利用空余时间操练英语. 297. You should never... 你绝不应该…….
You should never flap about. What is needed is your solid action. 你绝不应该讲空话,需要的是你的实际行动. [ flap about:(俚)讲空话;闲聊] 298. You were (not) supposed to... 你本(不)应该…….
Jim, you were supposed to call three hours ago! 吉姆,你应该在三个小时以前打电话过来的! 299. You will be able to... if... 如果……,你将能够…….
You will be able to get accepted by a top law school if you can pass the exam. 如果你能通过考试,你将能够被一所一流法学院录取.
300. You'll never guess... 你永远猜不到…….
You'll never guess who telephoned me just now — my cousin from America! 你绝对猜不到刚才谁给我打电话——我美国的表姐!
高中英语语法专项复习之形容词及其用法
通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。
2)叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。 (错)He is an ill man. (对)The man is ill.
(错)She is an afraid girl. (对)The girl is afraid.
这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。
3)形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如： something nice
以-ly结尾的形容词
1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。
改错：(错) She sang lovely.
(错) He spoke to me very friendly. (对) Her singing was lovely.
(对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily. 用形容词表示类别和整体
1) 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry The poor are losing hope.
2) 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。 the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor. 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：
限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别--名词 a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt
a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car 典型例题:
1) Tony is going camping with ___ boys.
A.little two otherB. two little otherC.two other littleD.little other two
答案：C。由\"限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --性质--名词\"的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。
2)One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stoneC. old stone ChineseD. Chinese stone old
答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。 3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao?
---- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the ___days at the seaside. A. few last sunnyB. last few sunnyC. last sunny fewD. few sunny last
答案：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠 近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表： 限定词+数量词(序数词在前，基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+ those + three + beautiful + large + square 新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词 old + brown + wood + table
形容词afraid的用法
形容词afraid的用法 1. 不是动词，是形容词，因此不能单独作谓语：正：Don’t be afraid. 别怕。误：Don’t afraid. 2. 是表语形容词，一般不能放在名词前作定语。但若是本身有修饰语，则也可以放在名词前作定语；有时构成短语可放在被修饰的名词后作后置定语：a boy afraid of dogs 怕狗的男孩 a very muchafraid boy 十分胆怯的男孩 3. I’m afraid 意为“恐怕”，是一种提出异议、说出令人不快事实时的委婉说法：I’m afraid (that) he won’t come. 恐怕他不会来了。I’m afraid 之后可接 so 或 not, 表示前面所提到的情况。表肯定时用 so；表否定时用 not：A：Will he be late again? 他又会迟到吗? B：I’m afraid so (not). 恐怕会 (不会)吧。吧。注意上面的否定说法不能改为 I’m not afraid (so)。 4. 比较be afraid of doing sth / be afraid to dosth：(1)两者含义大致相同，意为“害怕 (做)…”、“不敢 (做)…” ：I’m afraid to tell [of telling] her. 我不敢告诉她。(2)但若要表示担心可能会发生某事，则只能用 be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do：I was afraid of hurting herfeelings. 我怕伤了她的感情。She was afraid of waking herhusband. 她怕弄醒她丈夫。
高中英语定语从句句型总结
一、疑问句中考查定语从句
1. Is this the farm ________ you visited last week？ A. where B. the one C. on which D. /
【解析】答案是D。命题人经常利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择。遇到这类定语从句时，最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句，然后判断谁是先行词，再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分，最后确定正确答案。
二、倒装句中考查定语从句
2. We came to a place， ________ stood a big tower. A. which B. that C. / D. where
【解析】正确答案是D。为了保持句子平衡，句子用了倒装语序。倒装的使用使定语从句的结构变得较为特殊，因此对于使用倒装语序的定语从句，应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序，这样句子结构就比较清晰了。 三、 拆分词组和固定搭配
3. The second is connected with the use ________ the body makes of food. A. of which B. where C. to do D. that
4. Why can’t you realize the part ________ they have played in our life？ A. which B. on which C. when D. where
【解析】正确答案分别是D和A。一些词组和搭配被拆开后，句子的含义就变得难以理解。首先把拆开的词组复原是理解此类定语从句的关键。上述句子中包含以下词组：make use of， play a part （in）。 四、添加插入语或状语
5. The scientist has made another discovery， _______ I believe is of great importance. A. that B. / C. which D. why
【解析】应选择C。这类句子主要利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度。常见的插入语有：I think （suppose， expect， believe， imagine）， in my opinion， to tell you the truth等。做这类题目时，最佳的办法是先删去插入语或状语，这样句子的主干部分就一目了然了。 五、插入非谓语动词
6. Is this the man ________ you want to have ________ the radio for me？
A. who；repaired B. that；repaired C. whom；repairing D. that；repair
【解析】D项正确。非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一，因而在定语从句中加入非谓语动词就成了学生最易失分的题目。对付这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原。如：我们可以把几个句子中的定语从句进行还原，还原后的句子应是：You want to have the man repair the radio for me.
高中英语常用不规则动词表总结大全
所有动词都按原形、过去式、过去分词形式排列。 I. A－A－A型 burst→burst→burst cast→cast→cast cost→cost→cost cut→cut→cut hit→hit→hit hurt→hurt→hut let→let→let put→put→put set→set→set shut→shut→shut split→split→split spread→spread→spread thrust→thrust→thrust upset→upset→upset
II.A－A－A同时又可A－B－B型 bet→bet→bet bet→betted→betted
broadcast→broadcast→broadcast broadcast→broadcasted→ broadcasted
forecast→forecast→forecast forecast→forecasted→forecasted rid→rid→rid rid→ridded→ridded spit→spit→spit spit→spat→spat
wed→wed→wed wed→wedded→wedded wet→wet→wet wetted→wetted III. A－B－A型
become→became→become come→came→come
overcome→overcame→overcome run→ran→run IV. A－B－B型 bend→bent→bent bind→bound→bound bleed→bled→bled bring→brought→brought build→built→built buy→bought→bought catch→caught→caught cling→clung→clung creep→crept→crept
deal→dealt /dealt/ →dealt /dealt/ dig→dug→dug feed→fed→fed feel→felt→felt fight→fought→fought find→found→found flee→fled→fled
foretell→foretold→foretold hang→hung→hung
hang→hanged→hanged have→had→had hear→heard→heard hold→held→held keep—kept→kept lay→laid→laid lead→led→led leave→left→left lend→lent→lent lose→lost→lost make→made→made
mean→meant /ment/→meant /ment/ meet→met→met
mislead→misled→misled pay→paid→paid
red→read /red/→read /red/ say→said→said seek→sought→sought sell→sold→sold send→sent→sent shoot→shot→shot sit→sat→sat sleep→slept→slept spend→spent→spent spin→spun→spun stand→stood→stood stick→stuck→stuck sweep→swept→swept
swing→swung→swung teach→taught→taught tell—told→told
think→thought→thought
understand→understood→understood uphold→upheld→upheld weep→wept→wept win→won→won
V.A－B－B或A－A-ed－A-ed型 awake→awoke→awoke awake→awaked→awaked bless→blest→blest bless→blessed→blessed burn→burnt→burnt burn→burned→burned
dream→dreamt/dreamt/→dreamt/dremt/ dream→dreamed/dri:md/→dreamed/dri:md/ dive→dove→dove dive→dived→dived forget→forgot→forgot (forget→forgotten→forgotten) get→get→gotten(get→got→gotten) kneel→knelt→knelt kneel→kneeled→kneeled lean→leant→leant lean→leaned→leaned leap→leaped→leaped learn→learnt→learnt
learn→learned→learned light→lit→lit
light→lighted→lighted
prove→proved→proved(proven a.) shine→shone→shone shine→shined→'shined slide→slid→slid slide→slid→slidden smell→smelt→smelt smell→smelled→smelled speed→sped→sped speed→speeded→speeded spell→spelt→spelt spell→spelled→spelled spill→spilt→spilt spill→spilled→spilled spoil→spoilt→spoilt
strike→struck→struck(stricken a.) sweat→sweated→sweated sweat→sweat→sweat
swell→swelled→swelled(swollen) whip→whip→whip whip→whipped→whipped wrap→wrapt→wrapt wrap→wrapped→wrapped and→wound→wound wind→winded→winded VI.A－B－C型
begin→began→begun
drink→drank→drunk(drunken a.) ring→rang→rung sing→sang→sung
sink→sank→sunk(sunken a.) spring→sprang→sprung swim→swam→swum blow→blew→blown draw→drew→drawn fly→flew→flown grow→grew→grown know→knew→known
overthrow→overthrew→overthrown throw→threw→thrown
withdraw→withdrew→withdrawn arise→arose→arisen beat→beat→beaten break→broke→broken choose→chose→chosen drive→drove→driven eat→ate→eaten fall→fell→fallen
forbid→forbade→forbidden forbid→forbad→forbidden forgive→forgave→forgiven freeze→froze→frozen give→gave→given hide→hid→hidden
hide→hid→hid
mistake→mistook→mistaken rewrite→rewrote→rewritten ride→rode→ridden rise→rose→risen shake→shook→shaken speak→spoke→spoken stall→stole→stolen take→took→taken
undertake→undertook→undertaken wake→woke→woken wake→waked→waked weave→wove→woven write→wrote→written bear→bore→borne (born a.) swear→swore→sworn tear→tore→torn wear→wore→worn
be/am/is/are→was/were→been do→did→done
foresee→foresaw→foreseen go→went→gone lie→lay→lain(躺) lie→lied→lied （撒谎） saw→sawed→sawn saw→sawed→sawed see→saw→seen sew→sewed→sewn
sew→sewed→sewed show→showed→shown show→showed→showed sow→sowed→sown sow→sowed→sowe
高中英语动词时态语态复习讲解
动词时态、语态汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种，而且重点测试完成时态。 要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。
1、一般现在时 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语； 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun.
Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句， 从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作， 我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get.
2、现在进行时
表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble.
考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。 Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.
考点二： 表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时
表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语：
考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. I have learned English for ten years.
考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,
Has it stopped raining yet ?
考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等
考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 ＋that” 后面跟现在完成时。
This is my first time that I have visited China.
This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. That is the only book that he has written. 4．一般过去时
表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意：
考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。 be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于 He used to smoke a lot.
He has got used to getting up early.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 5. 过去进行时
表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。
The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.
He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help. What were you doing at nine last night?
The radio was being repaired when you called me. 6. 过去完成时
表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用 ( before, after, by, up till ) There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000. By the end of last term we had finished the book. They finished earlier than we had expected.
考点一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.
I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主谓倒装） 考点二：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。 That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather. It was 3 years since we had parted。
考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。
I had hoped that I could do the job.
I had intended to see you but I was too busy. 7. 一般将来时
表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.
考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.
（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）
考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
考点三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。Use your head and you will find a way.
考点四：“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。 “am (is, are) about to +动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。
“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。They are to be married in this May. 8、将来进行时
表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。
I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。 The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.
9、将来完成时
表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。
考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. By the time you reach the station, the train will have left. By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。
The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school. 10. 动词的语态
一般用于强调受者， 做题时谓语动词不再有名词或宾语。动词的语态一般不单独考，而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考，只是需要注意以下考点。 考点一：不能用于被动语态的动词和词组
come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed It took place before liberation.
考点二：下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义, 而且常与well, quite, easily, badly等副词连用。
lock ( 锁 ) ; wash ( 洗 ); sell ( 卖 ); read ( 读 ); wear ( 穿 ); blame (责备)；ride (乘坐)； write ( 写 )；
Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。 The car rides smoothly. 这车走起来很稳。 The case locks easily. 这箱子很好锁。 The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。 考点三：一些常用经典被动句型：
It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…， It is expected…, It is estimated…,
这些句子一般翻译为“据说……”，“人们认为……”，
而 “以前人们认为……” 则应该说：It was believed…, It was thought
时态、语态100练
1.“I don’t like to travel. ”“Have you ever _____ in an airplane?” A. flying B. flew C. flowed D. flown
2.The center of gravity of the human body ______ behind his joint. A located B. locating C. to locate D. is located
3.“Today is very cold, isn’t it?” “Yes, the river is _____ over.” A. freezed B. freeze C. frozen D. freezing
4.“What happened in that new area?” “New houses ______ recently over there.” A. are built B. build C. have built D. have been built
5.“When did you go to work?” “As soon as they came, we ______ to work.” A. went B. were going C. had gone D go
6.“Did you wait for him very long?” “Yes, I ______ to bed until five in the morning.” A. did go B. didn’t go C had gone D. went 7.Perhaps it will be a long time ______ from abroad. A when Tom comes back B. when Tom will come back C.before Tom comes back D. that Tom comes back 8.Tom ______ mathematics throughout his college life. A bored B. bored with C. was bored D. was bored with 9.______ that dress when I first saw you at the station?
A Were you wearing B. Have you worn C. Did you wear D. do you wear 10.Mr Wu ______ to work by bus every day.
A. has been traveling B. has traveled C. travels D is traveling 11.Don’t disturb him. He ______ to the weather forecast.
A. listens B. is being listened C. has listened D. is listening 12.My English teacher ______ my test.
A. has not yet graded B. has not yet been graded C. is not yet to be graded D. is not yet graded
13.We ______ on it for many hours, but we have not yet reached any conclusion.
A. are being worked B. are working C. have been working D. have been worked 14.Shanghai ______ on the Huangpu River.
A. stand B. stands C is being stand D. has stood
15.“Tell the students to stop shouting. We ______ our essays now.” A. write B. have been writing C. are writing D. have written
16.“______ your best? It’s not satisfactory. I’m afraid you will have to do it again.” A. Do you try B. Have you tried C. Are you trying D. Have you been trying
17.Chinese married couple _____ red packets to children and the unmarried during the Chinese new Year. A give B. have been giving C. are giving D. have given 18.My uncle, Sam,______ manager of the firm.
A. has just made B. is just being made C. has just been made D. is just made 19.This is the first time the students ______ to Hyde Park.
A. have gone B. have been gone C. have been going D. are being gone 20.She ______ her mother’s work since she was admitted into hospital. A. is doing B. has been doing C. has done D. has been done 21.I ______ the incident as if it were yesterday.
A. am still to remember B. have still been remembering C. am being still remembered D. still remember
22.I ______ swimming in the river and I always _____ to swim when I can. A. am liking/have gone B. am being liked/am going C. like/go D. have liked/have been going
23.We have sometimes accidents on this line, but no accidents ______ since last winter. A. occur B. have occurred C. have been occurring D. are occurring 24.He _____ on this essay for twenty minutes but he _____ only a hundred words. A. has been working/has written B. is working/writes B. has worked/has been writing D. works/is writing
25.Elections _______ every four years and Congress meets once a year. A. are taken place B. are to be taken place C. took place D. take place 26.______ careless, or you will make mistakes. A.Be not B. Not be C. Don’t D. Don’t be
27.The No.8 bus ______ to Chengdu college of Geology, and not to Sichuan University.
A. are gone B. is being gone C. goes D. are going 28.Oil, exported from Iran to Europe, _____ by tankers. A. used to be transported/have been built up B. used to being transported/have built up C. was used to be transported/had been built up D. was used to being transported/will be built up 29.If it ______,the match will be postponed.
A. has been rained B. does rain C. rains D. is rained 30.As soon as I ______ the tools, I shall begin with the work. A. have B. am having C. have been having D. have been had
31.Once you ______ the knack of it, you will have no further difficulty. A. shall have B. had had C. are having D. have 32.Every time he ______ me, he is rude to me. A. will see B. sees C. is seeing D. is seen
33.John told Mary that he ______ what he was doing during the vacation.
A. was just asked B. was just asking C. had just been asked D. had just asked 34.Now that you _______ , what are you going to do? A. are bing returned B. have been returning C. have been returned D. have returned
35.I started my teaching career at the school. That was more than twenty years ago, and I ______ there ever since.
A. was B. had been C. will be D. have been 36.Everything on the earth ______ all the time.
A. is changing B. is changed C. has changed D. has been changed 37.We ______ fine weather for the past few days.
A. have B. are having C. have been had D. have been having 38.It ______ every day so far this month.
A. is raining B. rains C. has rained D. has been rained 39.no one can prove that the earth ______ not round. A. is being B. is to be C. is D. has been 40.“There she ______!We needn’t wait any longer.”
A. comes B. has been come C. has been coming D. is to come
41.The little girl ______ by the drug-pusher to carry drugs into the country. A. was made use B. was made used C. was made use of D. was made used of
42.I shall tell you what he ______ at three o’clock yesterday afternoon. A. had done B. would do C. was doing D. had been done 43.By the end of last year they ______ 1,000 machines.
A. turned out B. had turned out C. would turn out D . had been turned out 44.He was sixty-eight. In two years he ______ seventy. A. would be B. was C. had been D. was being 45.How long ago ______ playing football?
A. had you stopped B. would you stop C. did you stop D. were you stopping 46.Up till then we ______ half the distance.
A. had only covered B. covered C. would only cover D. would be only covered 47.While I ______ television, the door bell ______. A. watched/would ring B. would watch/had rung B. was watching/rang D. had been watched/was ringing 48.They ______ with us for the time being.
A. would stay B. will stay C. have been staying D. will be staying
49.I never dreamed I ______ here discussing state affairs with the other deputies. A. will be sitting B. would be sitting C. will have been sitting D. would have been sitting
50.John told us that by the end of the year they ______ together for thirty years. A. would have been living B. would have lived C. would have been lived D. will have been living 51.The new type of machine ______ the year after next.
A. is going to turn out B. is going to being turned out C. is going to have turned out D. is going to be turned out
52.Large sums of money ______ each year in painting the steelwork of bridges, ships, and other exposed structures.
A. have spent B. have to be spent C. have to spend D. spend
53.The police ______ in what the informer reported.
A. interested B. had interested C. were interesting D. were interested 54.A candidate for the post ______ at the moment. A. is interviewing B. being interviewing C. interviewing D. is being interviewed 55.By the end of last year the railway ______.
A. was being completed B. would be completed B. had been completed D. had completed 56.I ______ to visit their country before long. A. have been invited B. am being invited C. had been invited D. shall be invited 57.Theory ______ with practice.
A. must be combining B. must combine C. must have been combined D. must be combined 58.He said such a thing ______ to happen.
A. ought to be not allowed B. ought not to be allowing B. ought not to have allowed D. ought not to be allowed 59.She told me that her proposal ______. A. needed to take into consideration B. needed to be taken into consideration C. needed to be taking into consideration D. needed to have taken into consideration
60.The school authorities and the teachers ______ over the advantages of the demerit system. A. were always argued B. were always arguing C. had always had argued D. had always been argued 61.He fulfilled the plan earlier than he ______. A. had expected B. expecting C. should expect D. would expect 62.______ when the bell rang.
A. Hardly would he reach school B. Hardly had he reached school C.Hardly he reached school D. Hardly he was reaching school
63.We were determined not to do it unless Julie ______ it, too. A. had done B. was doing C. was done D. did .They were sure they ______ final victory.
A. were won B. would be won C. would win D. had been won 65.When ______ to give us an answer?
A. will you be able B. will you have been able C. will you able D. will you have abled 66.We ______ on the project by the end of next week. A. shall have finished to work B. shall finish to work C. shall have finished working D. shall finish working 67.He ______ for six years by the time he takes his examination. A. shall have finished to work B. shall finish to work B. shall have finished working D. shall finish working 68.I promise you that I ______ you a present next week.
A. will give B. will have given C. shall give D. shall have given 69.I hope that she ______ to the demands of the naughty boys. A.will not have agreed B. will not be agreed C. will not agree D. will not have been agreed 70.In the long run your money ______ in bonds.
A. was more safely invested B. is more safely invested C. will be more safely invested D. are more safely invested 71.Mr.Wilson asked me if these islands ______ to Japan.
A. belong B. are belonging C. are belonged D. have been belonged
72.Before the end of the nineties, air pollution ______ a serious problem that endangers the health of the human race.
A. will be become B. will become C. will have become D. will have been become 73.The train ______ at eight tonight.
A. will be started B. will have started C. shall be started D. starts 74.We ______ an English evening tonight.
A. are being having B. are having C. will be had D. shall be had 75.They ______ for Beijing for practice.
A. are leaving B. are being left C. will have left D. will be left 76._____ me or aren’t you?
A. Will you help B. Shall you help C. Are you going to help D. Will you have helped 77.A new power station ______ there.
A. will be going to build B. is going to be built C. will be gone to build D. is gone to be built 78.______ a meeting this afternoon.
A. There going to be B. There will be going to be C. There is going to be D. There will going to be 79.We ______ a new experiment this afternoon. A. shall be to perform B. will be to perform C. are to be performed D. are to perform
80.The government _____ to approve the use of widespread surveillance when the Justice Department took objections.
A. is going B. had been C. was about D. is coming
81.You ought to _____ a test in physics the day before, I think. A. have taken B. take C. be taken D. be taking
82.Kepler proved that the sun ______ the center of the solar system. A. is B. was C. had been D. would be
83.This is one of the best novels that ______ this year.
A. appears B. is appearing C. has appeared D. have appeared 84.My friend ______ here last week, but he couldn’t.
A. was to have come B. must have come C. came D. had to come
85.He did not arrive until the meeting was nearly over, for the simple reason is that he _____ asleep while watching television.
A. had fallen B. has fallen C. fell D. was falling 86.We had hardly sat down when she ______ plates of food for us. A. brought B. has brought C. had brought D. was bringing
87.A friend of mine returned to his house after a holiday ,only to find it ______.
A. be broken into B. was broken into C. had broken into D. had been broken into 88.“What were you doing when Anna phoned you?”
“I had just finished my work and ______ to take a bath.” A. starting B. to start C. have started D. was starting .“Have you gone to see the doctor?” “No, but ______.”
A. I go B. I am going to see C. I go to see D. I’m going to 90.Each time you look at an object, you ______ a picture. A. took B. are taking C. take D. have taken 91.Water pipes ______ rusty after a period of use.
A. become B. is becoming C. are become D. were become
92.This foreign scientist ______ in our college for fifteen years and does not want to leave. A. worked B. is working C. works D. has been working 93.______ to have dinner with us tonight?
A. Will you like B. Do you like C. Wouldn’t you like D. Won’t you like 94.What I was uncertain about ______ whether they could overcome the difficulties. A. is B. will be C. had been D. was
95.“Certainly,______ him about something else in any case, so it won’t be any bother.” A. I’ll see B. I see C. I can see D. I’ll be seeing 96.By the time the course ends,______ a lot about Britain.
A. we’ll learnt B. we are learning C. we have learnt D. we’ll have learnt 97.All the machines ______ by the end of the following week. A. were repaired B. would be repaired C. will have been repaired D. were being repair 98.He will come to call one you the moment he ______ his work. A. will finish B. finishes C. had finished D. finished 99.I don’t think she’ll be upset, but I’ll see her in case ______ A. she’ll B. she is C. she does D. she would 100.“I wish that your sister would come to visit me.” “Well, I’ll tell her when I ______ her.”
A. see B. saw C. will see D. would see
DDCDA BCDAC DACBC BACAB DCBAD DCACA DBCDD ADCCA CCBAC ACDBA DBDDC DDDBB ABDCA CBACC ACDBA CBCDC AADAA ADDDB ADCDD DCBBA
动词时态练习题
1、 The violin will have to be tuned before it _____.
A. is played B. should play C. plays D. is being played 2、 By the time you arrive in London, we _____ in Europe for two weeks. A. had stayed B. shall stay C. will have stayed D. have been staying 3、I ___ with some friends until I find a flat.
A. am living B. live C. have lived D. will have lived 4、All the preparations for the task _____, and we’re ready to start. A. completed B. complete
C. had been completed D. have been completed 5、 I thought I ____ the door, but it is still open A. had closed B. was closing
C. have closed D. would close
6、You ____ television. Why not do something more active? A. always watch B. are always watching C. have always watched D. have always been watching 7. ---It seems that she is thinking about something.
---Yes, she cannot remember what key she ____ to her computer. A .set B. has set C. had set D. sets 8、 ---Why weren’t you at the meeting?
---I ____ an important visitor from the UK in my office. A. expected B. had been expecting C. was expecting D. had expected 9、I have no idea what ____ while I was asleep. A. has happened B. was happened C. had happened D. happened 10, --Have you moved into the new house? --Not yet, the rooms _____.
A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. have been painting 11. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times. A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet 12.---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be 13. --- Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets.
--- You ______ something.
A. have left B. are always leaving C. are leaving D. always left
14. --- I ______ so busily recently that I ______ no time to help you with your math. --- That’s OK. I can manage it by myself.
A. have been working; have B. have worked; had C. am working; will have D. had been working; had had 15. Remember to send me a photo of us next time you ______ to me. A. are writing B. will write C. has written D. write 16. He ______ at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him. A. will speak B. is going to speak C. had to speak D. was going to speak
17. I ____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the New Year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
18. I can guess you were in a hurry. You _____ your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing 19. The traffic in our city is already good and it ______ even better. A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting
20. --- Where do you think ______ he ______ the computer? --- Sorry. I have no idea.
A. has; bought B. 不填; bought C. did; buy D. 不填; buys
KEY: ACADA BBCDA BABAD DDDDB
有几道题理解不了.
If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it ___all day.填的是rained.为什么不是完成时.不是对现在有影响吗.?
解答： 1过去下了一整天雨是事实，所以用过去式。第一句是虚拟语气：如果天气好一点儿，我们原本可以野餐。第二局说明事实：但事实上，下了一整天雨。所以不存在对现在有什么影响的问题。 第2道.-Where is your new home now?
-In the new developed zone.But I___ downtown for five years. 填的是lived. for five years不是完成时的标志吗.? 怎么填的是过去时.
解答：2你要知道，这个人已经在新家居住了，所以他住在downtown是过去的事情,for five years不一定总是完成时标志，要看语境。这句话只是说在那里住了五年。如果现在还住在那里，则用完成时。
2012年高考英语必备关键句型(1)
1. It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型She had said what it was necessary to say. 2. 强调句型
It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us. 3. \"All+抽象名词\"或\"抽象名词+itself\"（very+形容词） He was all gentleness to her. 4. 利用词汇重复表示强调
A crime is a crime a crime.
5. \"something（much）of\"和\"nothing（little）of\" \"something of\"相当于\"to some extent\"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为\"anything of \"，可译为\"有点\"，\"略微等。\"\"译为毫无\"，\"全无\"。\"much of\"译为\"大有\"，\"not much of\"可译为\"算不上\"，\"称不上\"，\"little of\"可译为\"几乎无\"。something like译为\"有点像，略似。\" They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar.
6. 同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，\"of\"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰\"of\"后面的那个名词。如\"her old sharper of a father\"，可译为：\"她那骗子般的父亲\"。 hose pigs of girls eat so much. 7. as...as...can（may）be It is as plain as plain can be. 8. \"It is in（with）...as in（with）\" It is in life as in a journey.
9. \"as good as...\"相等于，就像，几乎如；实际上，其实，实在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him.
10. \"many as well...as\"和\"might as well ...as\" \"many as well...as\"可译为\"与其……，不如……，更好\"，\"以这样做……为宜\"，\"如同……，也可以……\"等等。\"might as well ...as\"表示不可能的事，可译为\"犹如……\"，\"可与……一样荒唐\"，\"与其那样不如这样的好\"等等。
One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly. 11. \"to make...of\"的译法（使……成为……，把……当作） I will make a scientist of my son.
12. to...+不定式\"，not（never）to...+不定式\"，\"too...not+不定式 She is too angry to speak.
13. only(not, all, but, never) too...to do so \"和\"too ready (apt) + to do\"结构中，不定式也没有否定意义，凡是\"not\"，\"all\"\"but等字后+\"too...to，\"不定式都失去了否定意义，在\"too ready（apt）+to do\"结构中，不定式也没有否定意义。
You know but too yell to hold your tongue. 14. \"no more...than...\"句型
A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man.
15. \"not so much...as\"和\"not so much as ...\"结构，\"not so much...as\"=\"not so much as ...\"，其中as有进可换用but rather，可译为：\"与其说是……毋须说是……\"。而\"not so much as\"=\"without（not）even，\"可译为\"甚至……还没有\"。
The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it .
16. \"Nothing is more...than\"和\"Nothing is so...as\"结构，\"Nothing is more…than\"和\"Nothing is so ...as\"都具有最高级比较的意思，\"Nothing I\"可换用\"no\"，\"nobody\"，\"nowhere\"，\"little\"，\"few\"，\"hardly\"，\"scarcely\"等等，可译为\"没有……比……更为\"，\"像……再没有了\"，\"最……\"等。 Nothing is more precious than time.
17. \"cannot...too...\"结构,\"cannot...too...\"意为\"It is impossible to overdo...\"或者，即\"无论怎样……也不算过分\"。\"not\"可换用\"hardly\"，\"scarcely\"等，\"too\"可换用\"enough\"，\"sufficient\"等 You cannot be too careful.
18. \"否定+but \"结构，在否定词后面的\"but\"，具有\"which not\"，\"who not\"，\"that not\"，等等否定意义，构成前后的双重否定。可译成\"没有……不是\"或\"……都……\"等 Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse.
19. \"否定+until (till)\"结构，在否定词\"no\"，\"not\"，\"never\"，\"little\"，\"few\"，\"seldom\"等的后边所接用的\"until/till\"，多数情况下译为\"直到……才……\"，\"要……才……\"，把否定译为肯定。 Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried.
20. \"not so...but\"和\"not such a...but\"结构，这两个结构和\"否定+but\"的结构差不多，不同之点是这两个结构中的\"but\"是含有\"that...not\"意味的连续词，表示程度。可译为\"还没有……到不能做……的程度\"，\"并不是……不……\"，\"无论怎样……也不是不能……\"等。 He is not so sick but he can come to school.
高考英语经典句型必备
1．so + be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 “……也……”（表示肯定意思）
neither/nor +动词/助动词/情态动词等 + 主语 “……也……”（表示否定意思）so + 主语 + 助动词 so it is with somebody = it’s the same with somebody 2、as 句型： as引导的非性定语从句
常用的结构有As is known to us all, as we all know;…; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before;as can be seen; as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember等。
[注意1]as引导性定语从句时，常构成the same…as…; such…as…; so/as …as…等结构。 which引导的非性定语从句（也引导性定语从句） 3、prefer 与would rather 句型：
4、when 句型：1）主语 + be doing… when…（2）主语 + be about to do…when…；（3）主语+be on the point of (doing) …when （4）主语 + had done… when…
5．祈使句结构祈使句+ and/ or/or else/ otherwise + 主句（表结果）… “否则…，要不然…” 6. while引导的从句
7．强调句型：强调句的基本构成：It is/was + 被强调的部分 + who（指人时）/that + 其余部分
8 .疑问词+Do you think+陈述句式，what do you think of… 9．too…….. to与 so…. that句型： 10．where 句型：
11、…before… It was/ will (not) be + 时间段+before….“过了多久才” 12、Not --- until 句型
13、用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的
14、倍数句型：①：倍数+比较级+than②倍数+ as+ adj./ adv.+ as③倍数+ the size / length / depth / height / of
15、 It is +形容词/过去分词/名词+ that ---- 句型 16、It ＋不及物动词＋从句 17、比较句型： 18、感叹句型：
19、情态动词+ have done结构 20、动词不定式常用句型：
某人除了做……别无选择.
(4) do all he could to do sth do what he could to do sth do everything he could to do sth
．．．．形容词／副词＋enough to do sth．
(6) It is hard to imagine/ say … 很难想象/说……
21、动名词常用句型：
...have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth. 一……就……
22．虚拟语气几种结构 （1）‘if’虚拟条件句
(1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth. (2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth
(3) Sb has no choice but to do... (5) (7) It cost sb some time/money to do sth (1) (2) upon/on doing sth, (3) There is no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. (4) There is no need/use harm/hurry in doing sth (5) spend some time/money (in) doing sth (6) It's no use / good/ worth doing sth (7) It's a waste of time/money/energy doing
（2）在动词insist（1坚持做某事），order, command（2命令）, advise, suggest, propose（3建议做某事），demand, require, request, ask（4要求）等表示建议、命令、要求的名词性从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。基本句型：主语+ (should) + 动词原形。
It’s suggested/ advised/ demanded/ordered/requested/proposed/required/desired等结构后的主语从句中，谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。
suggest意思是“表明，暗示；说明”时；insist意思是“坚持观点，坚持看法”时，句子不能用虚拟语气。 （3）would rather that somebody did或had done…“宁愿……；更愿意……” （4）as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像…… （5）Would you mind if +主语+did…
（6）It’s high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就该……
（7）It is necessary/important/natural/impossible/essential（基本的）等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即主语+(should)+动词原形 23、wish 句型
24.If only...! 真希望……!若是……那该多好啊! 25、since 句型：
26.what + be + 主语+ like 27、让步状语从句：
（1）、疑问词+ever whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever,
（2）、whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever等引导名词性从句，这时不能用no matter+疑问词替换。 (3) However + adj/adv + S + V, 尽管……
(4) Adj./n./adv. + as/ though+ Subject（主语）+ be, S + V~~~ (5) whether … or not (6) even if/though 28.位置的表达法 29、表示最高级的句型：
(1) Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V (2) no one (nobody, nothing)+so/as+原级＋as
(3) 比较级＋than+any other +名词单数
(4) 否定词 +比较级 例：It can’t be worse. I can’t agree any more.
30、more --- than 句型： 31、形式宾语与宾语补语句型： 32、特殊的条件句：
(1) Suppose/ Supposing ---, 假如……
(2) On condition that只要……；如果……
(3) provided (that)/ providing ----- 只要……
(4) so/as long as
(5) 祈使句+and + 陈述句(表肯定）。
(6) 祈使句+ or/otherwise +陈述句 (表否定）
(7) …won't...unless... 除非……否则我不会……
33、There be 句型：
(1) There is going to be…. . There will be….
(2) There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问,……
(3)There seems to be... …看起来好像……
(4)There used to be... …过去曾有……./曾经有过…
(5) There's no need to do…..
(6) There's no point in... ……是无意义的.
(7)There is no need/use/harm/hurry in doing sth
(8) There no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 9. There is no time left to do sth
34.主格结构To be frank / honest, ...老实说,…….说实话,……. To start with, ...…首先,……. To tell (you) the truth,... …说实话,……. Generally speaking,... 总的来说,…
35、名词(every time\\ the next time \\any time \he minute \he moment)用做连词连接两个句子的结构. 36、几种重要的表语从句句型：
(1) What A is to B What C is to D.
(2) It looks as if……
(3)That is why /because………
(4) The reason why……is that…… 37、几种重要的倒装句型：
(1) only 倒装句 (2) so 倒装句 (3) such 倒装句
（4）含有否定意义的副词或短语放在句首的倒装句 (5)介词短语提前 (6 not only --- but also 倒装句 38、so/such… that句型
39.be +动词不定式（即be + to do sth.）的用法对于该结构的考查主要是be to do的含义及用法。以及be
to do与be about to do ； be going to do；be on the point of doing 的区别
42. with复合结构,
43、have ,leave keep,make,find复合宾语句型： (1) have sb do sth (2) have sb doing (3) have sth done
44.几个重要的目的状语从句句型： (1) in case (2) for fear (that) (3) so that (4) in order that
45.几个难掌握的主语从句和宾语从句
(1) You may take whatever(=anything/everything that)you like. (2) Whoever(=Anyone who) cuts the trees down must be punished.
47.一……就……. 的句式 48.有关it的几个特殊句型：
(1) owe it to sb. that…把…归功于… (2) take it for granted that …想当然
(3) keep it in mind that… (4). It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好恶的动词后， enjoy, like, love, dislike, hate, be fond of, feel like, see to, appreciate, stand 宾语从句紧 跟it之后
49.列举、说明句型：
(1) on the one hand --- ; on the other hand (2) For one thing ---; for another thing --- (3) It is one thing to...; it is another to... (4) what's more ---; morever ---; furthermore
--- (5) Firstly ---; secondly ---; finally --- (6) In the first place ---; in the second pl ace --- (7)First of all/to begin with ---; in addition/besides --- 50.总结句型：
(1) To sum up,总而言之, … (2) In short... 总之……(3) In a word , it is clear that…总
之，很明显…… (4) In conclusion …结论之, … (5) All in all, it is obvious that …..总之，很明显……．
51.There was a time when… 52.It is likely that…
53.This is the first time that+从句（用完成时态） 54.make，think，feel, find, consider+it+形容词/名词+其他
55.as…as possible, as far as ,as well as, as soon as, as long as 56.happen 的句式 57．I don’t think。。。
高中80个重要句型
句型1
would rather that somebody did…“宁愿……；更愿意……”(表示现在或将来的愿望) would rather that somebody had done…“宁愿……；更愿意……”（表示过去的愿望） [例句]
I’d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信。
I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together. 我到情愿你不是个知名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。 I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没有看到她。 句型2
as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……（表示现在或将来的情况用过去时；表示过去的情况用过去完成时）[参考句型4] [例句]
Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her. Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。 句型3
“wish +宾语从句”，表示不大 可能实现的愿望 表示现在的愿望：主语+过去时； 表示过去的愿望：主语+had done； 表示将来的愿望：主语+would/could do [例句]
How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves! 我们学生多么希望有更多的自由时间放松自己！
I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time playing! What a pity you can’t go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party! 句型4
It’s high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就该…… [例句]
It’s time that you went to school.= It’s time that you should go to school.
It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment. 该是我们为环保做些事情了。 I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。
句型5
情态动词+动词不定式完成结构的用法
could have done “本来可以……”（表示过去没有实现的可能）。
might have done “本来可能……；本来应该或可以做某事”（实际没有发生；含有轻微的责备语气。 should/ought to have done “本来该做某事”（而实际未做）
should not/ought not to have done “本来不该做”（实际却做过了，含有责备语气） needn’t have done “本来不必做”（但是已经做过了）
would rather have done “当时宁愿做了某事”（实际没有做过）；否定式would rather not have done表达相反意思，两者都有表示“后悔”之意。 句型6
as, though, although引导的让步状语从句。
[注意]although位于句首；though位于句首或句中；as位于句中=though。它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前。[参考倒装结构] 请注意下列句式的变化： [例句]
1. Although/Though I’m young, I already know what career I want to follow. →Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow. 我虽然年轻，但我已经明白我应该追随什么样的事业。
2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.
→Much as/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 虽然我很尊重他，但是我不同意他的观点。 3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
→Child（省略冠词）as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他虽然还是个孩子，却认识了许多汉字。
4. Although he tried, he couldn’t solve the problem.
→Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem. 尽管他努力了，但是他没有解决问题。 5. Although it is raining, I’m going out for a walk.
→Raining as it is, I’m going out for a walk. 天虽然在下雨，我还是要出去散步。
6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 这次意外虽然显得不可思议，却没有人受伤。 7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do. 虽然我很想帮助你，但是我有很多事要做。 8. Object as you may, I will go. 纵使你反对，我也要去。
句型7
…before…特殊用法（1）“没来得及……就……” [例句]
The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. 他还没有来得及冲进房间救孩子，房顶就塌了。
He ran off before I could stop him. 我还没有来得及阻止，他已经跑了。
To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her. 让我非常失望的是，我还没有来得及和我最喜欢的歌手打招呼，她就已经离开了。 句型8
…before…特殊用法（2）“过了多久才……”或“动作进行到什么程度才……” [例句]
They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village. 他们西行50英里才看到一个村庄。
The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal. 工人们连续工作3天才使一切恢复正常。 He almost knocked me down before he knew it. 他几乎撞到我了才意识到。
We had walked a long way before we found some water. 我们走了很长的路才找到一点水。
Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不觉，五年过去了。 句型9
It was + 时间段+before….“过了多久才（怎么样）……” It was not long before….“不久，就……”
It will (not) be +时间段+before….“要过多久（不久）……才……”(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态) [例句]
It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境的危险。 It was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回来。
It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 再过半年你才能毕业。 It will not be long before they understand each other. 他们大概不久就会互相了解。
句型10
in case of…(+n.) “以防；万一”；
in case that…“以防，万一……”（谓语动词用一般现在时态或should+动词原形） [例句]
In case of fire, what should we do?
Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget. 万一我忘了，请提醒我。 In case (that) John comes/should come, please tell him to wait.
Please take your umbrella in case (that it rains/should rain).带上雨伞，以防下雨。 句型11 It强调句型
强调句的基本构成：It is/was + 被强调的部分 + who（主要指人时）/that + 其余部分
这种结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语（包括时间，地点，方式，原因等），但是不能强调谓语动词（参考句型15）。
原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态，用It is…that/who….； 原句的谓语动词如果是过去时态，用It was…that/who….；
强调时间、地点、原因或方式时不要用when, where或how, 必须用that。 [例句1]
I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.
→It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调主语） →It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon.（强调地点状语） →It was yesterday afternoon that I saw him in the street.（强调时间状语） →It was him that/who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调宾语） [例句2]
He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.
→It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed. He didn’t do his homework until his father came back from work.
→It wasn’t until his father came back from work that he did his homework. [例句3]
Only when you nearly lose someone do you fully realize how much you value him.
→It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him. 只有你快要失去某个人时，你才意识到你是多么尊重他。 [例句4]
I was late again because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour.
→It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again.
（强调句中只能强调由because引导的原因状语从句，because不能换成since, as, for, now that等） [注意]强调句的疑问结构
一般疑问句 Is / Was it +被强调部分 +who / that …? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+is /was +it +who / that…?
What is/was it that…? Who is/was it that…? When is/was it that…? Where is/was it that…? Why is/was it that…? How is/was it that…? [例句1]
I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. →When was it that you saw him in the street?
→Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon? →Where was it that you saw him yesterday afternoon? [例句2]
I don’t know when he will come back.
→I don’t know when it is that he will come back.（宾语从句疑问词后用陈述句语序） –How was it that you got in touch with Mr. Smith? 你是怎么和Smith先生联系上的？ –Trough a friend of mine. 通过一个朋友。 句型12
（1）、祈使句（表条件）+ or/or else/ otherwise + 主句（表结果）… “否则…，要不然…” （2）、祈使句（表条件）+ and +主句（表结果） [例句]
Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class.
Please call me up before you come, otherwise/or else/or we might be out. 你来之前打个电话，否则，我们也许会出去。 Think it over and you will find the answer.
Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 得寸进尺。
Work hard and you will make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。 句型13
…until….“直到……时候”；not…until…“直到……才……” [例句]
You are to stay until/till your mother comes back. 你得等到你妈妈回来。 The meeting was put off until ten o’clock. 会议推迟到十点钟。
The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.
→Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.（倒装句） 等到湖里的鱼全死光了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。 He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.
→It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.（强调句）
Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games. Not until his son came back from school did he go to bed. 句型14
unless…“除非，如果不……”(=if…not) [例句]
I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我明天去。 –Shall Tom go and play football?
–Not unless he has finished his homework. 除非他完成作业，否则不能出去。 I won’t go unless he comes to invite me himself. 除非他本人来邀请我，不然我是不会去的。
I won’t attend his birthday party unless invited (=unless I am invited). 除非被邀请，否则我不 去参加的生日晚会。 句型15
when引导的从句
when除了用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、时间状语从句、表语从句和定语从句，还有一种用法值得关注，那就是when引导并列分句，意思是“这时突然；就在那时”，强调另一个动作的突然发生。常用于以下句型中：（1）、主语 + be doing… when…意思是“正在做某事这时……”；（2）、主语 + be about to do…when…；
（3）、主语+be on the point of (doing) …when…意思是“正要去做某事这时……” [例句]
One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed. 有一天，Chuck正在太平洋上飞行，这时他的飞机突然爆炸了。
I don’t know when he will arrive. 我不晓得他什么时候到达。
I thought of the happy days when I was in Beijing. 我想起了在北京时的那段快乐日子。
I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会到来。
I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for help. 我正在河边行走，这时我突然听到一个落水男孩求救。
I was about to leave when it began to rain. 我刚要离开，这时下雨了。
I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang, announcing the class was over. 我刚做完作业，下课铃响了。
I thought of the happy days when I was in France. 我想到了在法国时那段快乐日子。
I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会来临。 [比较]
I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 我正在街上走，这时我看见一家裁缝店。 I was walking along the streets. Just at the moment I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 我在街上走。就在那时我看见一家裁缝店。 句型16
while引导的从句
while除了有“当/在……时候”的意思外（注意：引导的句子谓语动词只能是延续性动词！），另外的两层意思也是考查的重点：（1）while = although “尽管”、“虽然”，引导让步状语从句；（2）while的意思是“然而；可是”，常用来表达对比关系。 [例句]
While I admit that the problem is difficult, I don’t think that they can’t be solved. 尽管我承认这个问题很难，但是我并不认为无法解决。 While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings.
虽然我承认他的优点，我也能看出他的缺点。 While I was angry with her, I didn’t lose my temper. 虽然我很生气，但我当时没有对她发脾气。
While I understand your viewpoint, I don’t agree with you. 虽然我了解你的见解， 我还是不能同意（你）。 I earn only 120 dollars a week, while she earns 180 dollars. 我一星期只赚120美元，她却赚180美元。 句型17
where…（地点从句）
[注意]where引导地点从句时，可以引导定语从句或是逻辑地点状语从句。当它在定语从句中作地点状语，指代地点时，这时可以用in which, on which, at which, to which, from which等结构代替。但是它引导逻辑地点状语从句时，没有这样用法。 [例句]
You should put the book where it was. 把书放回原处。
Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure. 不屈不挠者从他人失败的地方获取成功。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。
Where men are greedy, there is never peace. 人类贪欲不止，世界和平无望。 Go where you should, keep on studying. 无论你到哪里，你都应该继续学习。 That is the building where my father works. 那是我父亲工作的大楼。
Yesterday I went to the department store, where I met my teacher. 昨天我去百货公司，就在那儿遇见了我的老师。
That’s where a change is needed. 那就是需要变更的地方。
We could see the runners very well from where we stood. 从我们所站的地方能很清楚地看到赛跑的选手。 You should let your children play where you can see them. 你应该让小孩在你的视线所及的地方玩耍。 Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.=Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.（本句where引导定语从句） 有些地方太冷不能种水稻，但可以种马铃薯。 [请比较下面的句子结构的不同]
Potatoes can be grown where it is too cold to grow rice.（本句where引导地点状语从句） 句型18
what引导的从句
what在英语中非常活跃,它可以用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句，但是不用来引导定语从句。在句子里可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语，既可以指人，也可以指物。 [例句]
What is the population of the world? 世界的人口有多少？ What did you pay for this picture? 这幅画你付了多少钱？
What is most important in life isn’t money. 人生最重要的并非是金钱。 Will you show me what you bought? 可以把你所买的东西给我看一下吗？ Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago. Mary已经不是10年前的她了。 句型19
as引导的非性定语从句
在as引导的非性定语从句中，连接代词as在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语等，可以指人或物。其在定语从句中的位置比较灵活，即可以在句子前面，在句子中间或句子末尾。常用的结构有：as we all know; as is well known to…; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before; as is evident; as often happens; as can be seen; as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember等。
[注意1]as通常只指整个句子的内容，不表示部分内容。
[注意2]as引导的非性定语从句通常指“事先可以预料到的”“料想到的”，表达“好”的方面。
[注意3]as引导性定语从句时，常构成the same…as…; such…as…; so/as …as…等结构。在从句中既可以指人、物，也可以指整个句子。 [例句]
This is also part of your work, as I told you before. 我曾告诉过你，这也是你工作的一部分。
The man was a teacher, as was evident from his way of speaking. 从那人说话的样子可明显看出，他是个老师。
Such ideas as he hits on are worthless. 像他那样偶然想起的主意是无用的。 It’s the same story as I heard from her yesterday. 这故事跟我从她那儿听到的相同。 He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find. 他要尽可能找漂亮的女孩结婚。
Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected. 那些对世界做出巨大贡献的人们应该受到极大的尊重。
句型20
which引导的非性定语从句（也引导性定语从句）
which引导的非性定语从句既可以指整个句子内容，也可以指句子的部分内容（如单词或词组等），在句子中可以作主语、宾语（动词或介词的）、定语等。注意它在句子中的位置：只能放在主句后，不能放在主句前。表达的内容是“不好的”、“事先没有预料到的”等时，常用which，只指物。 [例句]
Yellowstone National Park, which is in Wyoming, is one of the most beautiful national parks in the world. 黄石国家公园位于怀俄明州，是世界上最美丽的国家公园之一。
The clock, which my grandfather bought, is still in good order. 这时钟是我祖父买的，现在还走时很准。 The picture, for which he paid an enormous amount of money, was a forgery. 那幅画他花了一大笔钱购买，却是幅赝品。
She changed her mind again, which made us all angry. 她又改变了主意，这使我们大家都生气了。 I lived three years in Paris, during which time I learned French. 我在巴黎住了三年，在那期间我学了法语。 The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. 天气结果转晴， 这是我们没有预料到的。 句型21
（1）、疑问词+ever whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever,
wherever, however用来引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter和what, who, which, when, where, how连用。 [例句]
Whatever (=No matter what) may happen, we shall not lose hope. 无论发生什么事，我们都不能失去希望。
Whatever reasons you (may) have, you should carry out a promise. 无论你有什么理由，你都应该遵守诺言。 Whoever (=No matter who) comes, he will be warmly welcome. 无论谁来，都会受到热烈欢迎。 Whenever (=No matter when) it happened, it was certainly not yesterday. 此事无论发生在何时，但绝不是昨天。
Whenever you (may) call, you will find her sitting by the window. 无论什么时候你去找她，你都会看到她坐在窗边。
Wherever (=No matter where) he went, he made friends with people.
Whichever (=No matter which) of them you many choose, the quality will be the same.
他们当中不论你选哪一个，品质都一样。
However (=No matter how) hard I have tried, I can’t find the answer.
（2）、whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever等引导名词性从句，这时不能用no matter+疑问词替换。 [例句]
Take whichever you want. 你要哪个就拿哪个。
We will do whatever we can to help him out. 我们要尽力帮助他摆脱困境。 I’ll show you whatever you want to see. 你想看什么我就给你看什么。 Whoever did this job must be rewarded. 无论谁做这件事都要得到报酬。
Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. 任何人在这种大雨中行走都会患感冒。 You may invite whomever（口语中常用whoever代替）you like to the party. 你可以邀请你喜欢的人来参加晚会。
Take whatever magazines you want to read. 你可以取阅任何你想读的杂志。 倒装结构
句型22全倒装句型（一）
here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then, away等副词放在句首，句子需要全部倒装 [例句]
There goes the bell! = The bell is ringing. 铃响了！ Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming. 汽车来了。
Now comes your turn to make a short speech. 该轮到你发言了。 Away went the thief when he saw the police.
Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 我们期盼的时候到了。 [注意]
（1）在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词，像go, come, rush, live, stand, lie等。 （2）主语是人称代词时不要倒装。如：Away he went. 他走远了。 句型23全倒装句型（二）
表示方位的状语放在句首，句子全倒装；谓语动词多为be, lie, stand, sit, come, walk, run, stop etc. 不及物动词。 [例句]
On a hill in front of them stands a great castle. 在他们面前的山上矗立着一座巨大的城堡。
In front of the house stopped a police car. 房子的全面停着一辆警车。 Around the corner walks a young policeman. 拐角处有个年轻的在行走。 Under the tree sat a boy of about ten. 在树下坐着一个大约10岁的男孩。 句型24全倒装句型（三）
（表语）adj. / v-ing / v-ed +（地点状语）+ be（或其他动词形式）…
So adj./adv…that…如此……以至于……(so引导的句子倒装，而that引导的句子不倒装！) (这种结构是半倒装句。) [例句]
Present at the meeting were the manager, all the designers and the writer. 出席会议的有经理，设计师和词作者。
Fastened to the pole is the National flag. 旗杆上有一面国旗。
Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. 有几个顽皮的孩子藏在门后面。
Sitting at the back of the classroom were several old teachers, listening attentively to the new teacher. 坐在教室后面的是几位老教师，他们在认真地听新教师的课。 Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses. 农民住在破旧房子里的日子过去了。
Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play. 相声是中国典型的喜剧，两个演员通过玩弄词藻来逗乐观众。
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 他说英语非常清晰，别人都能听懂他的话。
So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光运行非常快，我们几乎无法想象它的速度。 句型25 半倒装句（一）
否定意义的副词或短语放在句首，句子半倒装。这样的副词主要有：little, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, never, not at all, by no means（决不）, at no time（在任何时候都不），nowhere, in no case (无论如何都不)；not in the least (=not at all) , on no condition（决不） 等。 [例句]
Never shall I forget you.
At no time was the man aware of what was happening. 那个人根本没有注意到发生的情况。 Little did I understand what he said to me at that time. 我那时几乎没有明白他给我说的话。
It’s beyond description. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place. 那真是用语言难以形容。世界上没有其他地方会有这么安静、美丽的地方了。 Not a single mistake did he make in the exam. 他在考试中没有犯一个错误。 By no means are these works of art satisfactory. 这些艺术品根本不能令人满意。 On no condition should you visit that place. 你决不能去那个地方。 句型26 半倒装句（二）
not only…, but also…（前一分句倒装，后一分句不倒装） [例句]
Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away. 不仅他拥有的一切被那走了，就连他的德国国籍也被取消了。
They suggested not only should we attend the party but also give a performance. 他们建议我们不仅要参加晚会，还要进行表演。
Not only should we students study hard, we also should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time. 我们学生不仅要学习好，还应该知道在课余时间怎样享受生活。 句型27半倒装句（三） neither, nor放在句首 [例句]
If you don’t go to see the movie, neither will I. 如果你不去看电影，我也不去。 --Why didn’t you buy the jacket?
--Neither was the price satisfactory, nor did the color agree with me. 价格不能令人满意，颜色也不太适合我。
I don’t like him, nor do I care about him. 我不喜欢他，也不关心他。 句型28 半倒装句（四）
“only + 状语”放在句首，句子半倒装 [例句]
Only when the war was over did he return to work. 直到战争结束他才回去工作。
Only after you have reached eighteen can you join the army. 你只有到了18岁才能参军。 Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life. 只有这样，我们对生活中的机遇和挑战才会有充分的准备。
Only by changing the way we live will we be able to save the earth. 只有改变生活方式，我们才能拯救地球。
[注意]这种结构的倒装只在only引导状语的时候使用，only引导主语的时候不用倒装。 Only in this way can you work out the problem. 你只有用这种方法才能做出题目。 Only this way can help you work out the problem. 只有这种方法才能帮你做出题目。 句型29 半倒装句（五）
so + be动词/助动词/情态动词等 + 主语 “……也……”（表示肯定意思） neither/nor +动词/助动词/情态动词等 + 主语 “……也……”（表示否定意思） [例句]
She is interested in the story, so am I. He enjoys playing the guitar, so do I. I saw the film last night, so did he.
In the past 20 years, our society has changed a lot, so have our eating habits. 近20年来。我们的社会发生了很大的变化，我们的饮食习惯也变了。
Tom didn’t attend the meeting last night; nor did Mary. Tom没来参加昨晚的会议，Mary也没来。 I have never been abroad. Neither/Nor has Tom.
[比较1] “so + 主语 + 助动词” 表示肯定已有的观点或事实 [例句]
–We have all worked hard these days. –So we have.（的确如此）
I promised to help him, and so I did.（我确实帮助他了） [比较2] “主语 + 助动词 + so” 表示按照别人的要求去做 [例句]
The wounded little boy asked me to lift him up and I did so. The doctor asked Charlie to breathe deeply and he did so. 句型30
so it is with somebody = it’s the same with somebody前者怎么 样，后者也怎么样
[注意]前面既有否定句又有肯定句，或有多个谓语动词或助动词难以选择时，用此句型。
[例句]
John likes English but he doesn’t like maths, so it is with me (so it is the same with me). Tom is a student and he studies hard, so it is with me.
–He was really manly enough to be responsible for what he had done. 他像个男子汉，敢于对自己的所作所为负责。
–So he was, and so it was with you. 他的确如此，你当时也一样。 虚拟语气 句型31
（从句）If + were/did（动词的过去式），（主句）主语 + would/might/should/could + do（表示对现在情况的假设） [例句]
If I were you, I would not be so proud. 如果我是你，我不会如此自负。
I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one, it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others. If I were in your position, I would think better of it. 如果我处在你的位置，我会好好考虑它。 句型32
（从句）If + had done, （主句）主语+ would/might/should/could +have done（表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设） [例句]
What a pity it is that you didn’t attend the concert yesterday! If you had attended the concert, you would have seen the famous singer.
真遗憾昨天你没有去听音乐会。如果你去了，就能见到那位著名歌手。 Anyone in his position would have done the same.
=If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same. 任何处在他位置的人都会这样做的。 句型33
（从句）If + were/did（动词过去式）/were to do/should do，（主句）主语+ would/might/should/could + do（表示对将来的假设） [例句]
If he should refuse (= If he were to refuse=If he refused), it didn’t matter at all. 万一他拒绝了，那也没关系。 If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance examination, what would you do?
万一高考不中，你该怎么办？ 句型34虚拟语气条件句的倒装
在虚拟条件句中，如果出现有were, had, should，可以省去if, 把这些词放在句子前面，构成虚拟倒装句。 [例句]
Should he act like that again, he would be fined. 如果他还这样做，就要受罚。
Had the doctor come in time last night (=If the doctor had come in time last time), the boy would have been saved. 昨天晚上要是医生及时到达，小孩就会得救。
Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Had I enough money (= If I had enough money), I would buy a larger house. 句型35
if only引起的感叹句，相当于 “How I wish + 宾语从句”，意思是“但愿……；要是……就好了” [例句]
If only he could come! 他要是能来就好了！
If only we students didn’t have so much homework！要是没有这么多的作业该多好！ If only I hadn’t been so careless in the exam! 我当时没有那么粗心就好了！ 句型36
if it were not for… (= were it not for…)
if it hadn’t been for… (= had it not been for…)“要不是因为有……；如果不是……” [注意]这种结构中不能用否定结构的缩写形式，即不能用weren’t it for…） [例句]
If it hadn’t been for (= Had it not been for) the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved. 要不是船长一直坚强，船上的旅客就不会得救。
If it were not for your rich parents, you couldn’t live so easy a life. 要不是你父母有钱，你的生活不会如此安逸。 If it were not for the expense, I would go abroad now. 如果不是因为经费问题，我现在就出国了。 句型37
“but for + 名词”和“but that +从句”，意思是“倘若不是；要不是”，接虚拟语气 [例句]
But for air and water, nothing could live. (= If there were no air or water, nothing could live.) 如果没有空气和水，什么东西都难以生存。
But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.
= If it hadn’t been for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. 如果不是暴风雨，我们早就到了。 But for you, we couldn’t have carried out the plan. 要不是你的话，我们无法实施那项计划。 She could not have believed it but that she saw it. 若非亲眼所见，她是不会相信的。 句型38
在动词insist（1坚持做某事），order, command（2命令）, advise, suggest, propose（3建议做某事），demand, require, request, ask（4要求）等表示建议、命令、要求的名词性从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。基本句型：主语+ (should) + 动词原形。另外像decide, desire, intend, recommend等也要接(should)+动词原形结构。 [例句]
Mother insists that Tom (should) go to bed at nine o’clock.（宾语从句） We suggested that the meeting (should) be held at once.
It was required that the crops (should) be harvested at once.（主语从句） The suggestion that he (should) be invited was rejected.（同位语从句） That is their demand that their wages (should) be increased.（表语从句） [注意1]
advice, suggestion, order, demand, proposal, request, desire, command, decision, requirement等名词引导的同位语从句或表语从句，谓语动词用 (should) + 动词原形。 [注意2]
It’s suggested/ advised/ demanded/ordered/requested/proposed/required/desired等结构后的主语从句中，谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。
[注意3]suggest意思是“表明，暗示；说明”时；insist意思是“坚持观点，坚持看法”时，句子不能用虚拟语气。 [例句]
He insisted that he was innocent.=He insisted on his innocence. 他坚持说自己是无辜的。 He insisted that he had never done wrong. 他坚持说没有做错事情。
Are you suggesting that I’m not suited for the job? 你是在暗示说我不适合做那项工作？
The look on his face suggested that the teacher was quite satisfied with the result. 脸上的表情说明老师对结果感到满意。 句型39
It is necessary/important/natural/impossible/essential（基本的）等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即主语
+(should)+动词原形 [例句]
It’s necessary that Tom take the exam first. Tom有必要先参加考试。
With the society developing very fast, it’s quite necessary/important that we (should) have a good knowledge of English and computer. 随着社会的快速发展，我们有必要精通英语和电脑。 句型40
It’s strange/surprising/a pity/a shame/a surprise (that) … should do…should表示“竟然” [例句]
It’s a pity that she should miss the chance. 很遗憾她错过了机会。
It’s really surprising that a prophecy（预言）should coincide with the fact so exactly. 令人惊讶的是，预言和事实竟然如此巧合。
It’s strange that he shouldn’t pass the exam. 奇怪的是他竟然没有通过考试。 句型41 prefer
(1) prefer to do sth
例：I prefer to stay at home. 我宁愿呆在家里。 (2) prefer doing sth
例：I prefer playing in defence. 我喜欢打防守。 (3) prefer sb to do sth
例：Would you prefer me to stay? 你愿意我留下来吗？ (4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……宁愿…...而不愿.…\". 例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out 我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去. (5) prefer doing sth to doing sth
例：I prefer watching football to playing it. 我喜欢看篮球，不喜欢打篮球。 (6) prefer sth to sth
例：I prefer tea to coffee. 我要茶不要咖啡。 句型42
seem
(1) It +seems + that从句
例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied. 看来好像每个人都很满意。 (2) It seems to sb that ---
例：It seems to me that she is right. 我看她是对的， (3) There seems to be ----
例：There seems to be a heavy rain. 看上去要有一场大雨。 (4) It seems as if ----
例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class.看样子她不能来上课了。 句型43
表示“相差……；增加了……；增加到……”句型： (1) She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高三英寸 (2) There is one year between us. 我们之间相差一岁。 (3) She is three years old than I 她比我大三岁。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%. 他们把价格上涨了50% 句型44 too句型：
(1) too．．．to do sth．
例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians．
（＝Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians．） 政治太重要了，不能由政治家来决定。 (2) only too --- to do sth
例：I shall be only too pleased to get home. 我要回到家里就非常高兴。 (3) too + adj + for sth
例：These shoes are much too small for me. 我穿这双鞋太小了。 (4) too + adj + a + n.
例：This is too difficult a text for me. 这篇课文对我来说太难了。 (5) can't … too +形容词 无论……也不为过
例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 句型45 before 句型：
(1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及……
例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me． 我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸 (2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间……
例：It will be 4 years before he graduates. 他还有四年时间变毕业了。 (3) had done some time before （才……）
例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。
(4) had not done --- before --- 不到……就…… 例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. 我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。
(5) It was not +一段时间+ before 不多久就…… 例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country. 还没到两年他们离开了那国家。 句型46
用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型：
(1) should like to/ would like to/ would love to have done sth. 例：You should like to have written to your mother. 你本应当给你母亲写信。
(2) was / were going to do sth.（用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么） 例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match. Lucy 原打算看一场篮球比赛。
(3) was / were going to have done sth. 表示未完成原来的计划和安排 例：Lily was going to have cleaned her bedroom, but she had no time. Lily 原打算清理她的卧室，但她没时间。
(4) expect, intend, hope, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think,
want, wish ．．．
常用过去完成时态,在这些词后接宾语从句或者接不定式的一般形式； 或者用一般过去时态后面接不定式的完成形式表示过去未曾实现的愿望 例：She had supposed him to be very rich. 她原以为他很有钱。 (5) wish that …had done sth.表示过去未曾实现的愿望．
例：I wish he had been here yesterday. 要是他昨天在这儿就好了。 (6) 情态动词should ,would, could, might, ought to等后接不定式的完成时， 表示过去本该做，打算做，想做而未做的事情． should have done =ought to have done 本应该做而没做 would have done = 本来就会去做某事而没做 could have done = 本可以做某事而没做 might have done 本可以做而没做
例：They ought to have apologized. 他们本该道歉的。 句型47 倍数句型：
(1)倍数＋比较级＋than．．．，
例：The room is twice larger than that one．这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。
There is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightening than being attacked by a shark. (2)倍数＋as＋原级＋as．．．，
例：The room is three times as large as that one． 这个房间是那个房间的三倍。
(3)倍数＋the size ／height／length ／weight ／width of．．． 例：The room is three times the size of that one． 这个房间是那个房间的3倍大。 句型48 比较句型： (1)原级比较：
例：English is not so difficult a subject as Russia. 英语不是和像俄语一样难的科目。
Their bones are not as thick as adults’. 他们的骨头和成年人的不一样厚。 (2)一方超过另一方：
例：The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year. 今年的气候比上一年的气候要热得多。 (3)一方不如另一方：
例：The restoration was so bad that it made some of the buildings less secure than they had been before. 修复工作是如此的糟，以致于它使得一些建筑没有以前安全了。 (4) The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~ （愈...愈...）
例：The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你愈努力，你愈进步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become. 我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。 (5) more…. than…与其说…倒不如说 例：Smith is more diligent than intelligent. 与其说Smith聪明倒不如说他勤奋。
(6) no +形容词比较级+ than = as +形容词的反义词+ as 例：I am no better at English than you. 我的英语不比你好。 (7) that 在前后比较中代替不可数名词和特指的单数可数名词 例：The traditional picture of St Nicholas is quite different from that of Father Christmas.
(8) one 在前后比较中代替泛指的单数可数名词。
例：I prefer a flat in Beijing to one in Nanjing, because I want to live near my Mom's. 与南京相比我更喜欢在北京有一套公寓，因为我想跟我妈妈住一起。 (9) those 在前后比较中代替 特指的复数可数名词。 例：Salaries are higher here than those in my country. 这儿的工资比我们国家的高。
(10) ones 在前后比较中代替泛指的复数可数名词
例：Cars do cause us some health problems --- in fact far more serious ones
than mobile phones do.汽车确实给我们的身体健康带来问题，事实上比手机造成的问题更严重。 句型49 感叹句型：
(1) What a + Adj + N + S + V!
例：What an important thing it is to keep our promise! 信守我们的诺言是多么的重要啊！ (2) How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！）
例：How important a thing it is to keep our promise! 遵守诺言是多么重要的事！ (3) How + S + V!
例句：How I want to go to Beijing. 我多么想去北京啊！ 句型50 表法猜测的句型：
(1) must have done sth 一定做过某事 否定形式：can't have done 例：She must have come here last night. 她一定是昨晚来的。 She can't have gone there 她不可能到那儿去。
(2) may have done sth 可能做过某事 否定形式：may not have done 例：Philip may have been hurt seriously in the car accident. Philip 可能在这次车祸中伤得很严重。
(3) might have done sth 或许做过某事 否定形式: might not have done 例：She might have known what the bottle contained. 她或许知道这个瓶子里装的是什么。 (4) should have done sth 估计已经做了某事 否定形式：should not have done
例：She should have arrived in her office by now. 她此刻估计已经到达办公室了。 句型51 动词不定式常用句型：
(1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth. 某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事.
例句：It took me years of hard work to speak good English. 为了讲一口流利的英语,我花了多年时间刻苦操练. (2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth
例：Lincoln said that it was not right for the South to break away from the Union. 林肯说南方脱离联邦是不对的。 It was careless of Tom to break the cup.
(3) Sb. have / has / had no choice but to do... 某人除了做……别无选择. 例句：We had no choice but to take a taxi for we'd missed the last bus. 由于错过了最后一班公共汽车,除了乘坐的士,我们别无选择.
(4) It's not /just like sb. to do sth.……的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风. 例：lt's not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the most important thing in life.
上课迟到不像吉姆的一贯作风,他把时间看作是生命中最重要的. (5) ．．．．形容词／副词＋enough to do sth． 例：I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa.． (6) It pays to + V ~~~ （...是值得的。）
例句：It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。 (7) It cost sb some time/money to do sth
例：It must cost a good deal to live here.住这儿一定会花很多钱的。 (8) do all he could to do sth do what he could to do sth do everything he could to do sth
例：They were doing everything they could to help the fatherland. 他们在尽最大努力去帮助祖国。
(9) It is hard to imagine/ say … 很难想象/说……
例：It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day. 很难想象爱迪生每天是怎样工作20小时的。 It's hard to say whether the plan is practical. 这个计划是否实际很难说。
句型52 动名词常用句型：
(1) ...have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth. (有困难做某事)
例：People from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.
来自那两个国家的人们在相互理解上是没有困难的。 (2) upon/on doing sth, 一……就……
例：Upon / On hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn't say a word.
一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。 (3) There is no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 例：There is no difficulty in solving this social problem. 解决这个社会问题毫无困难。
(4) There is no need/use harm/hurry in doing sth 例：There is no need in sending such expensive present. 没有必要送这样贵重的礼物。
(5) spend some time/money (in) doing sth
例：They say children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of focusing on their school work.
他们说孩子们花太多的时间在闲聊和玩游戏上，而不是集中在学习上。 (6) It's no use / good/ worth doing sth
例：It’s no use talking with him. He won’t listen to you. 跟他谈没用，他不会听你的。
(7) It's a waste of time/money/energy doing
例：It's a waste of time watching TV programme as this. 句型53 Not --- until 句型
(1) 陈述句 not --- until --- 直到……才
例：Last night I didn't go to bed until 11 o'clock. 昨晚我11点钟才睡觉。 (2) 强调句 It wasn't until…that... 直到……才…….
例：It wasn't until yesterday that I got your letter. 我直到昨天才收到你的来信.
(3) 倒装句 Not until...did... 直到……才…….
例：Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到我开始工作,我才意识到我已蹉跎了很多岁月. 句型54 since 句型：
(1) Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式
例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard. 自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
(2) It is + --- + since S +持续性谓语动词（表否定）
例：It is three years since she lived here. 她已三年不住这儿了。 (3) It is + --- + since S + 瞬间谓语动词（表肯定）
例：It is years since I stopped smoking）．我戒烟已经数年了。 句型55 让步状语从句：
(1) Adj./n./adv. + as/ though+ Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~ （虽然...） 例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。 (2) No matter what等特殊疑问词... …无论什么……. 例句：No matter what happens, I'll always stand by you. 不论发生什么事,我都永远支持你. (3) However + adj/adv + S + V, 尽管……
例：You won't be able to do it alone, however much you try. 不论你多努力，你一个人也做不来。
(4) whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever + S + V，无论什么/哪里…… 例：Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。 (5) whether … or not
例：Whether you like it or not, you'll have to do it. 不管你喜欢不喜欢，你必须做这件事。
(6) even if/though
例：Even if/Even though the exercise is very difficult, you must do it. 即使那练习很难，你都必须做。 句型56 违反常规的冠词位置句型： (1) so/as/that/too/how +adj. + a/an + n.
例：He is as good a student as you. 他和你一样是个好学生。 This is too difficult a problem for me.对我来说这是一个太难的问题。 You can hardly imagine how clever a boy he is. 你几乎想象不到那孩子有多聪明。
(2) quite/rather/what/such/many + a/an +(adj) +n
例：She sang quite a beautiful song. 她的歌唱得很漂亮。 He was such a fool as to believe what she said. 他是这样的一个笨蛋以致于相信了她说的话。 (3) all/both/half/twice the + n
例：All the students in her class like her very much. 她班上所有的学生都喜欢她。 句型57 表示最高级的句型： (1) Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。
(2) no one (nobody, nothing)+so/as+原级＋as 例：Nobody is so blind as those who will not see. 没有人像那些视而不见的人如此的瞎了。 (3) 比较级＋than+any other +名词单数 比较级＋than +anything(anyone)else 比较级＋than + any of the others
例：Bamboo probably has more uses than any other plant in the world. (4) 否定词 +比较级
例：It can’t be worse. 这是最糟的 I can’t agree any more.我非常同意。 (5) be the last ----
例：This is the last thing I want to do. 这是我最不想干的事。 句型58 more --- than 句型： (1) more --- than 与其……不如…… 例：He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 在工作上与其说他慢不如说他懒。 (2) more than 超过；不仅仅是；非常
例：These flags are more than just colorful pieces of cloth and thread sewn together. 这些旗子不只是不同颜色的布料和丝线逢在一起。 (3) not more than 最多，不超过
例：They finished the project in not more than one year. 在不超过一年的时间内，他们完成了那项工程。 (4) no more than 仅仅
例：The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 那些能看到的仅仅是皇帝。 句型59 形式宾语与宾语补语句型： (1) 形式宾语代动词不定式
例：I think it necessary to explore the space. 我认为探索太空是有必要的。 (2) 形式宾语代从句
例：They found it strange that no one would take the money. 他们感到很奇怪谁也不要这一笔钱。
(3) 过去分词做宾语补语表示宾语被动的动作： 例：I had my pen stolen. 我的笔被偷了。
(4) 现在分词做宾语补语表示宾语正在进行的动作。 例：They found her lying in bed reading a novel. 他们发现她躺在床上看小说。
(5) 以名词（间或可用代词）作宾语补足语：
例：In 1849, he went to England and made London the base for his revolutionary work.
1849年他到了英国，并且把伦敦作为他的工作的基地。 I think him an honest man.我认为他是一个诚实的人。 (6) 介词短语做宾语补语：如：
例：I can't find him in the office.我在办公室外没有发现他。 (7) What do you find the hardest in... 你觉得……最大的困难是什么 例句：What do you find the hardest in learning English 你觉得学英语最大的困难是什么 句型60 特殊的条件句：
(1) Suppose/ Supposing ---, 假如……
例：Suppose/Supposing he is absent, what shall we do? 假如他缺席，我们怎么办？
(2) On condition that只要……；如果…… 例：I'll come on condition that John is invited, too. 如果约翰也被邀请，我就来。
(3) provided (that)/ providing ----- 只要……
I will come provided (that) I am well enough. 只要我身体好，我一定来。 You may go out providing you do your homework first. 只要你先做作业，你便可以外出。 (4) so/as long as
例：As/So long as you work hard, you'll succeed in the end. 只要你好好干，终究会成功的。 (5) 祈使句+and + 陈述句(表肯定） 例：Give him an inch and he’ll take a mile.
(= If you give him an inch, he’ll take a mile. ) 他会得寸进尺的。 (6) 祈使句+ or/otherwise +陈述句 (表否定） 例：Start at once, or / otherwise you’ll miss the train.
(= If you don’t start at once, …)
(= Unless you start at once, you’ll miss the train.) 立即动身，否则你会错过那班火车的。
(7) …won't...unless... 除非……否则我不会……. 例句：I won't write to him unless he writes to me first. 我不会写信给他的,除非他先写给我. 句型61 特殊的比较句型：
(1) A differs from B in that…(A不同于B在于……) 例：She differs from her sister in the colour of her eyes. 她眼睛的颜色跟她姐姐不同。
(2) ...varies from person to person(……是因人而异的) 例：The opinion of the problem varies from person to person. 对这个问题的看法是因人而异的。 (3) A is superior(inferior) to B. A 优越于B
例：The modal is technically superior to its competitors. 这一款式在技术上优越于与之竞争的产品。
Some consider digital TV to be superior to satellite TV. (4) be different from
例：Its meaning can be completely different from the meaning of its components. 它的意思有时候跟它的合成的意思完全不一样。 (5) be inferior to
例：Modern music is often considered inferior to that of the past. 现代音乐常被人认为不如过去的。
(6) A and B have sth in common. A 和B 有共同点。
例：The Japanese and Chinese cultures have a lot in common. 日本与中国的文化具有许多相同点。 句型62 必须背诵的There be 句型：
(1) There is no immediate solution to the problem . 对于这个问题没有立即的解决的方案。
(2) There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）
例：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。 (3) There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问,…….
例句：There is no doubt that health is better than wealth. 毫无疑问,健康胜于财富.
(4) There's no point in... ……是无意义的.
例句：There's no point in getting angry when things have happened. 对已发生的事生气是没有意义的. (5) There's no way... ……绝不可能.
例句：There's no way one could succeed without hard work. 一个人不努力绝不可能成功.
(6) There is no one but ~~~ （没有人不...） 例句：There is no one but longs to go to college. 没有人不渴望上大学。
(7)There is no need/use/harm/hurry in doing sth
例：There is no need in spending money mending the broken car. 没有必要花钱去修理那破车了。
There is no use in regretting when time passed by. 时间过去了再后悔就没有用了。
There is no harm in using the environmentally friendly products. 用环保产品是没有害处的。
There is no hurry in running to school for time is still enough. 没有必要匆匆忙忙上学校，因为时间还充足呢。 (8) There no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 例：There is no trouble in selling our car. 我们毫不费力地卖了我们的车。 句型63 time 句型：
(1) the first time 引导的状语从句
例：I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 第一次我见到她时，觉得她很诚实。 (2) (the) next time 引导的状语从句
例：The harvest will have been got in (the) next time you come. 你下次来时，庄稼已收好了。 (3) the last time 引导的状语从句
例：What was the name of the hotel he had stayed in the last time he was in Cairo? 他上次来开罗时往的那家旅馆叫什么来着？ (4) each time/every time 引导的状语从句
例：Every time you get back at night, you drop your shoes on the floor. 每次夜间回来，你总是把你的靴子朝地上一扔。
(5) It is ／was the first／last／second ／third time ＋从句（完成时态） 例：This is the first time I have been here 这是我第一次到这儿。 (6)It is high time that sb did (should do) sth 该……的时候了。 例句：It is high time that we went to the classroom. 该我们进教室的时候了。
(7) by the time + 从句 就在……时候；到……时候为止 例：We'll be ready by the time you get back. 你回来的时候，我们将准备好了。 (8) It's time for sb to do sth
例：It’s time for me to log off. 我该关机/下线了。 (9) It's time for sth
例：It's time for lunch. 午餐的时间到了。 句型 几种重要的表语从句句型： (1) The point is that ... 重点/关键是…….
例句：The point is that you have to keep your promise to help her with her English. 关键是你得遵守诺言,帮她学习英语. (2) The chance is that … 有可能……
例：The chance is that he will succeed. 他很有可能成功。
(3) The fact is that … 事实是……
例：The fact is that he hasn’t yet recover from illness. 事实是他还没有康复呢。
(4) The problem/question is that … 问题是……
例：The question is whether we should ask them for help. 问题是我们是否应该向他请求帮助。 (5)That is ---
例：That is where Lu Xun used to live. 这是鲁迅过去住过的地方。 句型65 so/such that句型
(1) so that （引导结果状语从句）结果…… 例：We were late so that the teacher was angry. 我们迟到，使得教师生气了。
(2) so that = in order that （目的状语从句）以便，为了 例：I hurried so that I wouldn't be late for class． 为了上课不迟到，我匆忙起来。
In order that he should not be late, his mother woke him at 6. 为了使他不致迟到，他母亲在6点钟叫醒了他。
(3) so +形容词+（或a/an+ 名词）+that 如此……以致于…… 例：I've been working so hard recently that I haven't had any time for collecting new stamps. 我近来一直很忙，没时间搜集新邮票。 (4) such +名词（或an/a+形容词 + 名词）+--- that
例：It is such an unusual work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it 这是一个异乎寻常的艺术作品，人人都想看一看。 句型70 表示“也、同样”的句型 (1) too 用于肯定
例：I like the book, too. 我也喜欢这本书。 (2) also 用于陈述句
例：She also speaks a little Italian. 她也会说一点意大利语。 (3) either 用于否定句
例：Peter can't go and I can't either. Peter 不能去，我也不能。 (4) so 用于肯定的倒装句
例：You speak English well, so does he. 你的英语讲得很好，他讲得也不错。. (5) neither/nor 用于否定的倒装句
例：I have never heard of such a thing, Neither has she. 我从来没有听说这件事，她也没有。
Tom didn’t finish his homework. Nor did Jane. 汤姆没有完成作业，Jane 也没有。 (6) as well 用于句末
例：He knows German as well. 他也懂德语。
(7) so it is/was with = so it is/was the same with 用于包含不同种类的动词 例：Jack is a student and studies in China. So it is with Green. Jack是一个学生，在中国学习， Green也是如此。 (8) The same is true of……，
例：The music is dull and uninspiring, and the same is true of the acting. 那音乐单调，缺少激情；那表演也是如此。 (9) The same can be said of…… (……也是如此).
例：The same can be said of our country, also a developing one. 我们的国家也是如此，一个发展中国家。 句型71 几种重要的同位语从句： (1) 由where 引导
例：The suggestion where we should build our new factory should be considered. 那个我们应该在哪儿建造厂房的建议应该给予考虑。 (2) 由what引导
例：I have no idea what he did. 我不知道他做了什么。 (3) 由whether 引导
例：The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is not decided. 他是否会参加会议这个问题还没决定。
(4) 由who引导。
例：The question who will go abroad needs considering. 谁将去国外这个问题需要考虑。 (5) 由when 引导
例：I have no idea when they will be back and settle down. 我不知道他们什么时候回来定居。 (6) 由that 引导
例：The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good. 学生应该有很多练习，这个建议不错。 (7) 由how 引导
例：He can’t answer the question how he got the money. 他是怎样得到那钱的，他不能回答这个问题。 (8) 由why 引导
例: We don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice. 我搞不懂这个问题，为什么这是最好的选择。 句型72 with复合宾语句型 (1) with + n + adj.
例：He stared at me with his mouth open. 他张着嘴凝视着我。 (2) with + n + adv
例：The boy stood there, with his head down. 这男孩低着头站在那。 (3) with + n + 介词短语
例：He stood with his hand in his pocket. 他站着，一手插在衣袋里。 (4) with + n + 动词不定式
例：With no one to talk to, John felt miserable. 由于没有可谈话的人，John觉得很悲伤。 (5) with + n + 现在分词
例：With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价迅猛上涨，我们买不起高当商品。 (6) with + n + 过去分词
例：With her eyes fixed on the opposite wall, she did not answer immediately. 她的眼睛盯着对面的墙壁，她没有立即回答。 句型73 have 复合宾语句型： (1) have sb do sth
例：I won't have you say such things. 我绝不会让你说这样的话。 (2) have sb doing
例：She will have you doing all the housework if you are're not carefully. 如果你再不小心的话，她就让你做全部家务。 (3) have sth done
例：I have my hair cut every six weeks. 我每六个星期剪一次头。 句型74 几个重要的目的状语从句句型： (1) in case
例：He left early in case he should miss the last train. 他动身得早，以免误了最后一班火车。 (2) for fear (that)
例：He handled the instrument with care for fear (that) it should be damaged. 他小心翼翼地摆弄那仪器，以防把它弄坏。 (3) so that
例：Let’s take the front seats so that we can see more clearly. 让我们坐到前面的座位上，以便能看得更清楚些。 (4) in order that
例：He got up very early so that/in order that he might/could catch the early bus. 为了赶上早班车，他起了个大早。 句型75 几个难掌握的主语从句和宾语从句
(1) You may take whatever(=anything/everything that)you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。
(2) You may take whichever(=any) seat you like. 你想坐哪个位置就坐哪个位置。
(3) Whoever(=Anyone who) cuts the trees down must be punished.
任何一个砍树的人都必须受到惩罚。
(4) You may give the note to whomever(=anyone whom) you meet at the office.
你可以把条子给你在办公室看到的任何一个人。 句型76 使用现在完成时和过去完成时的常用句型： (1) since句型：主句用完成时
例：My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949. 从1949年，我婶婶就一直在一家诊所工作。 (2) since when +完成时
例：Since when have you planted so many young trees? 从什么时候你种植了这么多小树的？
(3) This/it is the first (third...) time sb have done sth
例：This is the first time I have been here.这是我第一次到这儿。 (4) by…（到……为止）到过去某个时候为止用过去完成时，到现在为止 用现在完成时，到将来某个时候为止用将来完成时。 例：She will have finished the book by my next birthday. 到我下一个生日为止，我将完成那本书。
By eleven o'clock yesterday, we had arrived at the airport. 到昨天十一点止我们就已经到达机场了。
但比较：By the time the speaker entered the hall, all the listeners were seated. 就在主讲者进入大厅的时候，所有的听众都坐好了。 (5) in the past time( two days/years...) +完成时
例：In the past 10 years, there have been great changes in our family life. 在过去的十年里，我们的家庭生活发生了很大的变化。 (6) hardly ... when.... (no sooner ... than)句型用过去完成时 例：Hardly had I reached the school when the bell rang. 我一到学校，铃子就响了。
No sooner had we sat down at the table than the phone rang. 我们刚坐到桌子旁边电话就响了。
(7) 未实现的愿望打算等等用过去完成时
例：I had thought I could pass the final examination but I failed. 句型77 几种特殊的状语从句句型： (1) everywhere 引导
例：Everywhere they went, they were kindly received / warmly welcomed. 他们每到一处就收到热烈的欢迎。 (2) anywhere 引导
例：We’ll go anywhere the Party directs us.党指向哪我们就去哪。 (3) the way 引导
例：She is doing her work the way I like it done. 她在用她喜欢的方法做她的工作。 (4) like 引导
例：The landlord was watching him like (= just as) a cat watches a mouse. 那地主监视着他就像猫监视老鼠一样。 (5) immediately引导
例：I didn’t wait a moment, but came immediately you called. 我一刻也没停留，你一打电话我就来的。 句型78 有关it的几个特殊句型 ： (1) owe it to sb. that…把…归功于…
例：I owe it to you that I finished my work in time. 亏你帮忙，我才及时完成了工作。 (2) take it for granted that …想当然
例：I take it for granted that they will support this idea. 我认为他们会支持这个提议是理所当然的。 (3) keep it in mind that…
例：It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of success but hard work. 一定要记住的是成功的秘密是努力的工作。
(4) It can be seen from the statistics that ...从这个统计可看出…… 例句：It can be seen from the statistics that exercise is good for us.
从这个统计可以看出，练习对我们是有好处的。
(5). It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好恶的动词后， enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, don't mind, be fond of, feel like, see to, appreciate, stand 宾语从句紧跟it之后 例 I hate it you can swim so well and I can't. 我妒嫉你游泳那么好，而我不能。
I would appreciate it if you call me back this evening. 如果你晚上给我回电话,我会非常感激.
I can't stand it when people talk with their mouth full. 我无法忍受别人说话的时候满嘴食物.
(6). It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面，宾语从句紧跟it之后 （except that例外）
例：I'm for it that you will follow their advice. 我赞成你采纳他们的意见。
(7) It must be pointed out that 必须指出的是
例句：It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population growth while raising the quality of the population. 一定要指出的是国家基本之一是在提高人口质量的同时控制 人口增长。
(8) It has been proved that… 有人已经证实…… 例：It has been proved that his theory is right. 已经证明，他的理论是对的。 句型79 列举、说明句型：
(1) on the one hand --- ; on the other hand (2) For one thing ---; for another thing ---
例：For one thing, these shoes don't suit you. For another, they are too expensive. 一方面,这双鞋子并不适合你;另一方面,这太贵了. (3) It is one thing to...; it is another to... 做这件事是一回事；做那件事是另一回事
(4) what's more ---; morever ---; furthermore --- (5) Firstly ---; secondly ---; finally ---
(6) In the first place ---; in the second place --- (7)First of all/to begin with ---; in addition/besides --- 句型80 总结句型：
(1) Through the above analysis(分析)
例：Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects outweigh the negative ones. 通过以上分析，我认为积极因素大于消极因素。 (2) To sum up,总而言之, …
例：To sum up, there are three ways of solving the problems. 决而言之，解决这个问题的方法有三条。 (3) In short... 总之……
例：In short, the students have not arrived at any agreement yet. 总之，学生们还没有达成一致的意见。
(4) In a word , it is clear that… 总之，很明显……
例：In a word, it is clear that smoking does harm to our health. 总之，很明显，抽烟对我们健康有害。
(5) On account of this we can find that … 由此我们可以知道…
例：On account of this we can find that it is not suitable for middle school students to have cell phones. 由此我们可以发现中学生持有手机是不合适的。 (6) In conclusion … 结论之, …
例：In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants’ lives.
结论之，我们必须理性地考虑这个问题，对农民的生活应给予更多的重视。 (7) All in all, it is obvious that …..总之，很明显……
例：All in all, it is obvious that the government should set up different kinds of schools to meet the demands of different children.
总之，很明显，应该建立多种不同的学校去满足不同孩子的需要。 (8) From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these
factors, we may safely arrive at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that ...
从以上所讨论的东西来看/考虑到所有这些因素，我们完全可以得出这样 的结论……
例：From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors, we may safely arrive at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.
从以上所讨论的东西来看/考虑到所有这些因素，我们完全可以得出这样的结论，随着现代社会的进步，闲暇的生活方式正在减少，这未必是一件坏事。
高中英语语法-省略句
Ellipsis 省略句 1.简单句中的省略现象
省略了句子的主语，有时还连同谓语动词一起省略 Sounds like a good idea.
Pity we live so far from the sea. Beautiful day, isn??t it? Wonder what she is doing. Forgotten my name? Nobody at home.
高中英语语法 since和for的区别
Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。 I have lived here for more than twenty years. I have lived here since I was born..
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.
Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976. I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
My brother has been in the Youth League for two years. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time. 注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。)
I have worked here for many years. (现在我仍在这里工作。)
京翰教育小窍门： 当现在完成时+一段时间，这一结构中，我们用下面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延 续动词在完成时中的误使。
1) (对) Tom has studied Russian for three years.
= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now. 2) (错) Harry has got married for six years.
= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
高中英语语法复习要有系统性
语法复习要有系统性。既不能走马观花，走过场，也不能按照语法复习资料照本宣科，如对虚拟语气 的复习，我们就作了以下归纳：把虚拟语气大致分为四大类： 第一类，含有if引导的非真实条件状语从句的。 谓语形式
时间分类 从句 主句
现在 过去式（did） would +v.
过去 过去完成式（had done） would have done 将来 过去式（did） were to + v.
should +v. should / would + v.
第二大类：在表示请求、命令、要求等词的从句中（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句，同位语从句），其从句的谓语用should + v,should一般可以省掉。如：advise, suggest, order, require, recommend, insist等。以suggest为例，a,宾语从句，He suggested that we （should） start early. b.同位语从句 He made a suggestion that we should start early. c.表语从句 His suggestion was that we should start early. d.主语从句 It was suggested that we should start early.
第三大类：固定句型。其共同特点是从句谓语动词用过去式表对现在或将来的虚拟，用过去完成式表对过去情况的虚拟，主要有：It is / was （about/ high） time that…； would rather +从句；as if +从句，wish后的宾语从句；if only, 等。
第四大类：其它情况：如but for, without, otherwise等引起的虚拟语气，通过以上归纳整理学生对虚拟语气这个语法项目就不会混淆，知识有了系统化和网络化。
高中英语语法强调句型例题解析
如对强调句型进行了系统讲解后我们配了如下练习：
1. He didn't realize his mistake until the whole case came to light. →改成强调结构
（It was not until the whole case came to light that he realzed his mistake） 2. It was not until he came to England （他才学会了） some simple English. （pick）
（that he picked up） 3. 改写上句 Not until .
（he came to England did he pick up some simple English） 4. -Where did you find the missing wallet?
-It was in the hotel （我接待你） last time you came here. （put） （where I put you up）
5. Was it in the hotel where I put you up last time （你碰到那位明星吗）？ （come） （that you came across the star ）
6. It is not the student himself but his parents （应对考试迟到负责） to the examination. （blame） （that are to blame for coming late）
7. （到底是在哪儿他感染上） such a strange disease which was really a difficulty for the doctors. （pick）
（Where was it that he picked up）
8. I just don't understand （到底是为什么她竟能容忍） his rude remarks. （terms） （Why it is that she should come to terms with）
高中英语语法 过去完成时与练习题
任何时态都是“时间”与“动作的意义”的结合。过去完成时的时间很明显是“过去”；其动作的意义就是已经发生，换句话说就是完成了的情况。
结构过去完成时的基本结构是：“had + 动词的过去分词”。例如：
I had learned 2，000 English words by the end of last term. 到上学期期末为止我已经学了2，000个英语单词。
实质过去完成时表示在过去了的某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作，其实质就是“过去的过去”。例如：
When the teacher came into the classroom， Liu Hong had gone home. 当老师走进教室时，刘红已经回家了。（“回家”发生在过去的动作“走进”之前）搭档1. “介词by +含一般过去时态的句子”。介词by 本身表示“在……之前；到……为止”。例如：
Edison had built a chemistry lab by the time he was ten. 爱迪生十岁的时候就已经建立了一个化学实验室。
2. “时间状语从句”。例如：
When my mother got home， I had already done 10 maths problems. 当妈妈到家时，我已经做了十道数学题。
3. “宾语从句”或“间接引语”。例如：
The teacher asked if we had finished doing our homework. 老师问我们是否做完了作业。
He said that the had he visited the place twice. 他说这个地方他已经参观过两次了。
高中英语语法 过去完成时与练习题
任何时态都是“时间”与“动作的意义”的结合。过去完成时的时间很明显是“过去”；其动作的意义就是已经发生，换句话说就是完成了的情况。 结构
过去完成时的基本结构是：“had + 动词的过去分词”。例如：
I had learned 2，000 English words by the end of last term. 到上学期期末为止我已经学了2，000个英语单词。 实质
过去完成时表示在过去了的某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作，其实质就是“过去的过去”。例如：
When the teacher came into the classroom， Liu Hong had gone home. 当老师走进教室时，刘红已经回家了。（“回家”发生在过去的动作“走进”之前） 搭档
1. “介词by +含一般过去时态的句子”。介词by 本身表示“在……之前；到……为止”。例如： Edison had built a chemistry lab by the time he was ten. 爱迪生十岁的时候就已经建立了一个化学实验室。
2. “时间状语从句”。例如：
When my mother got home， I had already done 10 maths problems. 当妈妈到家时，我已经做了十道数学题。
3. “宾语从句”或“间接引语”。例如：
The teacher asked if we had finished doing our homework. 老师问我们是否做完了作业。 He said that the had he visited the place twice. 他说这个地方他已经参观过两次了。 注意
1. 和现在完成时不同，过去完成时有时也可以用在含有表示过去的时间状语的句子中。例如： They told me that the letter had arrived on May 3rd. 他们告诉我信件五月三号就到了。 2. 在since 引导的状语从句中，用一般过去时的时候较多，主句用过去完成时。例如： I saw Zhang Na last week. We had not seen each other since we parted in Beijing. 上周我见到了张娜。从北京分手后我们就再没见过面。
since 引导的时间状语从句中有时也可以用过去完成时。例如：
The girl had changed greatly since we had met each other last time. 从我们上次见面以来这个女孩改变了很多。
3. intend， hope， plan， mean， want， think 等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而没有做的动作。例如：
We had hoped to catch the 8：00 train， but found it was gone. 我们本来希望赶八点的火车，却发现车已经开了。
4. 当主句的时态是过去时态时，在宾语从句中有明确的表示过去的时间状语时，仍用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。例如：
She said she was born in 1992. 她说她是1992年出生的。 单项选择
１．We ＿＿＿＿ four thousand new words by the end of last year．
A．had learned B．have learned C．learned D．will have learned 根据by短语中的last year得知，正确选项为A。 2．Helen ＿＿＿＿ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ＿＿＿＿＿home．（NMET’96）
A．has left；comes B．left；had come C．had left；came D．had left；would come
正确答案为C。had to wait说明事情发生在过去，而“忘带钥匙”的动作发生在“等丈夫回家”之前。 大家自己选一选： 1．I lost the book I ＿＿＿＿．
A．have bought B．bought C．had bought D．had been bought 2．The bus had gone when I ＿＿＿＿ at the bus stop．
A．have arrived B．arrived C．had arrived D．am arriving 3．Tom ＿＿＿＿ of visiting his grandmother，but the bad weather made him change his mind．
A．has thought B．thought C．had thought D．had been thought 4．—Did you meet Tom at the airport？ —No，he ＿＿＿ by the time I ＿＿＿ there．
A．has left；got B．had left；arrived C．left；arrived D．left；had got 5．—Why didn’t Tom attend the meeting yesterday？ —He ＿＿＿＿ Beijing．
A．has gone to B．had gone to C．went to D．had been to 6．—I ＿＿＿＿ to come to help you． —But you didn’t come．
A．have meant B．had meant C．meant D．will mean 7．Finally Mary was admitted by Beijing University，for which she ＿＿＿ five times．
A．had tried B．was trying C．has tried D．tried 8．—I have bought you the books you want． —Oh，good，I ＿＿＿ afraid you had forgotten． A．was B．am C．had been D．have been
1．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone 2. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever?
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done 3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt 4. She ______lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of 5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already. A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked 6. She said she __________ the principle already
A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen 7. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.
A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with 8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.
A. has completed university B. has completed the university B. had completed an university D. had completed university 9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.
A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano. 11. What _______ Annie ____ by the time he was ten?
A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done 12 .He ___ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.
A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work 13. By the end of last week, they ____ the bridge.
A. has completed B. completed C. will complete D. had completed 14. Ben hates playing _____ violin, but he likes playing ____ football. A. a…the B. the… the C. / …the D. the…/ 15. By the time he was 4, he ______ a lot of German words.
A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns 16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _____ the classroom.
A. was left B. had left C. has left D. left 17.They _________ in Guangzhou since 2000.
A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living 18. The train from Beijing_______ ten minutes ago.
A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived
19. The students _________ their classroom when the visitors arrived. A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned 20. Fergie_______ the project in one hour.
A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished 21. The man ________ his coat and went out.
A. put on B. had put on C. will put on D. was putting on 22 My mother______ in that factory at the age of 18. A. had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works 23. Dad ________ while he _______ TV.
A .fell asleep…watch B. was falling asleep…watched C. fell asleep……was watching D. had fallen asleep…watched 2.用动词的适当形式填空
1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in. 2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die). 3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave). 4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen _______ (arrive). 5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed. 6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call. 7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.
8. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.
9. When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________ (leave)the hall. 10.The Reads __ ______ (have) lunch when I ________________(get) to their house. 11.When I ______________(arrive) at the station, he ____________________(leave). 12..We _______________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term. 13. I waited until he _______________(finish) his homework. 14. We were surprised at what she ________already ______(do)
15.She ____________(not go) to Qingdao because she ________________ (go) there before. 16. He ______________(not tell) you the news yet.
17. He said he _____________already_________(give) the book to the teacher. 18. I ______________(be) to Shanghai before.
19. She told me she _________________(be) to Sanya three times.
20.She _____________(play) the guitar while her sister_______________(sing). 3．句型转换
1．I had sold the ticket when she came.（改否定句）
___________________________________________________________________ 2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.（改否定句）
________________________________________________________________.
3.They began to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink.（否定） __________________________________________________________________ 4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. （改一般疑问）
__________________________________________________________________ 5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.（改一般疑问） __________________________________________________________________ 6.By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. （改一般疑问） __________________________________________________________________ 7..He had broken his arm when I saw him.（对划线部分提问）
__________________________________________________________________ 8.When he had read the note, he ate it. （对划线部分提问）
__________________________________________________________________ 9..Jack didn’t go to the cinema because he had seen the film. （对划线部分提问） __________________________________________________________________
10.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. （对划线部分提问） __________________________________________________________________. 11.She had written the book by the end of 1960. （对划线部分提问）
__________________________________________________________________ 12.We cooked the dumplings. We ate them up. （用过去完成时连接两句） __________________________________________________________________ 13.Jim’s father mended the car. It was broken. （用过去完成时连接两句） __________________________________________________________________ 14.We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday.( 用过去完成时连接两句) After we ________________________, we _____________________________
15.He showed us a picture. Then he showed us around the house. 用过去完成时连接两句)
Before he _______________________, he______________________________.
高中英语语法知识 现在进行时
现在进行时 I．弄清概念：
现在进行时态由 “be（is、am、are）+ 动词的-ing”构成。其中，be是助动词，也就是和后面的动词（-ing形式）一起构成现在进行时，它本身没有意义。现在进行时它表示的是此刻正在进行或发生的动作。由此我们应注意三点：一是时间为现在，甚至为此刻，而不是过去或将来；二是动作在进行，而不是已经发生了，或还没有发生；三表示一个动作，而不是状态。
例如：“他现在想打篮球”，虽然该句子表示的是现在，但这里“想要”表示状态，因此没有现在进行时。只能翻译为：He wants to play basketball now. II．掌握现在分词的构成
大部分动词的现在分词都是直接加上-ing，如：visit→visiting；work → working；turn → turning等。但下列几种形式也需要同学们记清楚：
1. 动词以不发音的字母e结尾，一般去掉e，再加-ing，例如：
write→writing；leave→leaving；save → saving；pollute → polluting
当然我们需要注意两小点：1）die、lie、tie的-ing形式分别是dying、lying、tying。2）be、agree等动词的-ing形式直接加上-ing，因为这里的e、ee都发音。
2. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词末尾只有一个辅音字母（x例外），要重写该辅音字母，再加-ing。例：run→running；begin→beginning；swim→swimming；stop → stopping。 注意：fix → fixing III．熟悉现在进行时的用法
1．最基本的用法是表示此刻正在进行或发生的动作，通常和时间状语now、at the moment等连用。如： They are visiting the fire station now. 他们现在正参观消防站。
2．表示现阶段正在进行但此刻不一定在进行的动作，它通常和时间状语now、these days等连用。例如： They are working in this factory these days. 这几天他们在这个工厂工作。
3．表示最近的确定或安排时。如：
He is taking me to the theatre this evening. 今晚他要带我到电影院。
4．某些表示位置转移的动词如go、leave、start、come等它们的现在进行时表示将来。如： He is leaving for the Great Wall tomorrow. 明天他要动身去长城。
高中英语语法知识 现在进行时
5．现在进行时和always、forever等表示“经常”的状语连用，常带有一定的感情色彩，比如赞扬、厌烦、不满等。如：
He is always thinking of others more than himself. 他考虑别人总是比自己多。（赞扬） IV．现在进行时的场合
1．当句子中含有表示现在的时间状语now、at the moment等，而且谓语动词是表示动作的动词，则一般用现在进行时态。如：
Mary’s father is listening to the radio in the next room now. 玛丽的父亲正在隔壁听收音机。 2．句子前面含有look、listen之类的动词，则说明句子的动作正在进行，应用现在进行时。如： Look! Tom is borrowing books from Li Ming. 看，汤姆正在跟李明借书。 3．上下文中有现在进行时态的暗示语句时。如： --What are you doing now, David? 你在做什么？ --I’m repairing my bicycle. 我在修理自行车。 V．哪类动词没有现在进行时
表示状态的动词一般情况下没有进行时。如：感觉动词see、hear、taste（尝起来）等；认识动词believe、think（认为）、know、want、like、wish等；关系动词be、cost、have等。 I can see three lights in the room now. 我在屋子里看见三盏灯。
We have three big hospitals in our city now. 我们城市现在有三个大的医院。 VI．一般现在时和现在进行时的区别
1．一般现在时表示包括现在在内的一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态；而现在进行时表示说话人说话时正在进行的动作。试比较：
He washes his face at half past seven every day. 他每天7:30洗脸。 He is washing his face at the moment. 他这会儿正在洗脸。
2．如果一般现在时态所表示的动作或状态带有感情色彩或强调情况的变化过程，可以用现在进行时。如： In spring the weather becomes warmer. 春天，天气变暖。 The wind is getting stronger and stronger. 风正变得越来越大。
3．现在进行时也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但今后和以前怎样，我们不清楚；而一般现在时则强调动作的永久或长久性。如：
He studies in No. 5 Middle School. 强调在五中读书这一事实。 He is studying in No. 5 Middle School. 强调现阶段在五中读书。
高中英语语法 句子类型复习要点
句子类型 复习时需注意的要点 1.在否定句中注意no 与not 的用法 no+名词相当于not a (any) + 名词 例如:
1.He made no mistakes in the maths test. 2.He did not make mistakes in the maths test. 2.在表示推测的反意疑问句中,注意三种可能 (1)对现在状况推测, 附加问句用be的相应形式 例如:He must be in the library , isn’t he ?
(2)对过去发生的状况进行推测, 有表示过去的时间状语,附加问句用didn’t 例如:You must have seen the film yesterday , didn’t you ?
(3)对过去发生的状况进行推测, 句子没有表示过去的时间状语, 附加问句用haven’t (hasn’t)或didn’t 均可
例如:He must have read the book , hasn’t he ?
3. 陈述句为I think (suppose , expect , believe , guess) 后接的宾语从句结构中,附加成分要用肯定式.
例如:I don’t think he will come tomorrow , will he ?
4.带有否定前缀的词,虽然意义上是否定,但还是肯定句,反意疑问句的附加部分用否定句. 例如:These visitors are unwelcome here, aren’t they ?
5. 祈使句的反意疑问句,以表示客气,陈述部分用肯定,反意部分也用肯定. 例如: Let’s go there , shall we ? Have a cup of coffee , will you ?
6. 感叹句中除了用what …… !与how……!两个常见句型外,陈述句结构,一个词组,甚至一个词表达惊异,喜悦,赞赏的感情时, 加上感叹号, 也可视为感叹句.
例如:The grass and the rising sun ! 多么青葱的草地,多么明媚的晨光!
7. 在并列句和复合句中,注意连词的用法。当连词连接两个句子时, 一定要注意句子结构的完整,汉语有“因为…所以…” , “虽然…但是…” 结构, 但英语中because 不与so 连用, though 不与but 连用。 例如:When it rains , I usually go to the office by bus . Though it was late , we went on working .
高中英语语法 非谓语动词特征
英语中，非限定动词也叫非谓语动词，也就是不定式、分词和动名词。顾名思义，不定式、分词和动名词在英语句子中是不能做作谓语的。
非谓语动词虽然不能在句子中作谓语，但由于它们本身具有动词的一些特征，它们在句子中的运用是非常活跃的。他们之间的用法既有共同点，又有一定的区别，是历年高考必考的语法项目。例如NMET2005年单项填空题（全国卷）中就有这样一题：
32，The storm left, ________ a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to caused D. having caused 根据题意，本题应选D------分词作状语，表示结果。
不定式既有动词的一些特征，又具有名词、形容词、和副词的句法功能，因此，不定式在句中作：主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、成分；分词即具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能，因此，不定式在句中作：表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、成分；动名词，顾名思义，既有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能，因此，动名词在句中作：主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语。
从上面不定式、分词、动名词的词性特征和句法功能中，我们不难看出它们在句子中的作用既有较多的共性，又有稍微的差异。如何正确地运用好非谓语动词，是许多学生普遍感到棘手的问题。本文主要谈谈不定式、分词、动名词作表语和定语时的比较，旨在抛砖引玉。 一、不定式、分词、动名词作表语的比较。请看例句： ①My job is to teach the students English. ②My job is teaching the students English. ③My job is interesting. ④I am interested in English.
辨析比较：A. ①不定式与动名词作表语一般可以互换使用，在意义上没有多大差别，且其形式差异较大，
很容易把握， 如上面例句的①②；②现在分词和动名词同形，在作表语时，学生不易识别。分辨方法有三： a）分词作表语说明主语的性质特征，回答how的问题；不定式和动名词作表语则说明主语的内容，回答what 或 doing what 问题， 如： My job is interesting.（=How is my job?） ; My job is teaching （ to teach ） the students English. （=What is my job?）；
b）动名词具有名词的句法功能，也能做主语，我们不妨把句中的表语转换成主语，如果句子成立，则是动名词作表语，否则是现在分词作表语。如：My job is teaching the students English→Teaching the students English is my job.显然句子是成立的，原句中的teaching是动名词；
c）分词具有形容词的句法功能，那么，我们可以在作表语的分词前加very（extremely ,fairly ） 等副词，如果句子成立，则动词-ing 形式作表语的是现在分词。如上面例句：My job is interesting. 可改为：My job is very interesting. 显然句子是成立的，句中的interesting 是现在分词。
B.确定用现在分词还是用过去分词作表语的方法有：现在分词作表语多表示主语所具有的某种特征；过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态。情感动词的v-ing 形式表示具有某种特征；情感动词的v-ed形式多表示引起某种情感。一般地说，事物具有某种特征，而人才具有某种情感，因此，分词作表语的句式可归纳为：a） Sb.﹢be ﹢v-ed ; b） Sth. ﹢be﹢v-ing.
如：a. I am very excited ; b. The news is very exciting.
但有一个词例外，那就是missing 。例如“那个男孩不见了”，我们不能说“The boy is missed .”，而是 “The boy is missing.”
二、不定式、分词、动名词作定语时的比较 A.作前置定语
现在分词、过去分词、动名词 可以作前置定语，而不定式不能作前置定语。如：
① a developing country , a developed country ; boiling water，boiled water ; ②building materials , a swimming pool ; the sleeping boy , the coming new year 。 辨异的方法很简单：
①现在分词具有主动、进行的特点，而过去分词则具有被动、完成的特点。例如，a developing country=a country which is developing （发展中国家 ）； boiling water=water which is boiling（正在滚开的水 ） ; a developed country=a country which has developed（发达国家 ）； boiled water=water which has been
boiled（已滚开过的水）。
②现在分词和动名词同形，但作前置定语时，动名词表示所修饰的名词的用途，例如， .building materials=materials for building; a swimming pool=a pool for swimming ；而现在分词作前置定语时，表示所修饰的名词正在进行的动作，两者是逻辑上的主谓关系。例如，the sleeping boy=the boy who is sleeping ; the coming new year=the new year that is coming 。 B.作后置定语
不定式、现在分词、过去分词都能作作后置定语，而动名词不作后置定语。先看例句： ① The problem to be discussed at the meeting is very important. ② The problem discussed discussed at the meeting is very important. ③ The problem being discussed at the meeting is very important.
辨析比较：上面例句分别用不定式、现在分词、过去分词作后置定语，是因为它们存在不同的情况：不定式作定语，表示动作正要进行（未发生）；现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行（正在发生）；过去分词作定语，表示动作已完成（已发生）。据此，我们可以把上面的例句还原为定语从句作定语的句子，这样学生就更容易理解：
①The problem to be discussed at the meeting is very important.=The problem （ which is ） to be discussed at the meeting is very important.
②The problem discussed at the meeting is very important.= The problem （which was ） discussed at the meeting is very important.
③The problem being discussed at the meeting is very important.= The problem （which is ） being discussed at the meeting is very important.
高中英语语法 接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事 bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事
beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事 elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事 hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某 leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事 like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事 mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事 need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事 request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事 trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
注：不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词句型：
汉语说：“害怕某人做某事”，但英语不说fear sb. to do sth.。
汉语说：“原谅某人做某事”，但英语不说excuse [forgive] sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“拒绝某人做某事”，但英语不说refuse sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“惩罚某人做某事”，但英语不说punish sb. to do sth.。
汉语说：“建议某人做某事”，但英语不说suggest [propose] sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“赞成某人做某事”，但英语不说approve sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“通知某人做某事”，但英语不说inform sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“欢迎某人做某事”，但英语不说welcome sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“坚持某人做某事”，但英语不说insist [persist] sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“希望某人做某事”，但英语不说hope sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“安排某人做某事”，但英语不说arrange sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“要求某人做某事”，但英语不说demand sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“感谢某人做某事”，但英语不说thank sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“祝贺某人做某事”，但英语不说congratulate sb. to do sth.。 汉语说：“阻止某人做某事”，但英语不说prevent sb. to do sth.。 要表示以上意思，可换用其他表达：
汉语的“原谅某人做某事”，英语可说成excuse [forgive] sb. for doing sth.。 汉语的“希望某人做某事”，英语可说成wish sb. to do sth.。
汉语的“建议某人做某事”，英语可说成advise sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“安排某人做某事”，英语可说成arrange for sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“要求某人做某事”，英语可说成demand of sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“感谢某人做某事”，英语可说成thank sb. for doing sth.。 汉语的“祝贺某人做某事”，英语可说成congratulate sb. on doing sth.。 汉语的“阻止某人做某事”，英语可说成prevent sb. from doing sth.。
高中英语语法学习 替代动词
1.do/does/did替代动词
If that's the case then 100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 people would weigh as much as the whole Earth
does.(= weighs)
Difficulties strengthen the mind, as labour does(= strengthen) the body.劳动锻炼身体，困难锻炼意志。
A feather falls slower than a stone only because the air holds the feather back more than it does the stone.(替代)
2.so和not分别代替肯定和否定的从句(常用动词：think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect,guess,be afraid,fear,hope.etc.) —Is he coming?
—I suppose so./So I suppose. 否定：I suppose not.
高中英语语法练习题-高考精粹（带解析答案）
1. Ms Nancy didn't mind at all ______ to the ceremony. A. being not invited B. not being invited
C. not inviting D. not to be invited
2. \"_____ your meeting is!\" he offered them his sincere congratulations.
A. How a great success B. What a great success C. How great success D. What great success
3. We must remember that _____fashion is not the most important thing in _______ life. A. /; the B. /; / C. the; / D. the; the
4. It _____ quite a few years _____ the accused was declared innocent and set free. A. was; since B. is; that C. will be; when D. was; before 5. The professor said he could talk on _____ interested the audience. A. any topic B. which topic
C. whichever topic D. the topic he thought it
6. Under no circumstance _____ to tell lies to parents. A. children are allowed B. are children allowed C. children will allow D. will children allow
7. Modern science and technology has _____ communication between people far apart. A. made convenient B. made it convenient
C. made it convenient for D. made it convenient to
8. I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John's birthday party, _____? A. didn't I B. didn't you C. hadn't you D. will you
9. The great use of school education is not so much to teach you things _____ to teach you the
art of learning.
A. as B. that C. than D. but
10. No matter how frequently _____ the works of Beethoven always attract a large number of
people.
A. performing B. performed
C. to be performed D. being performed
11. _____ their real economic situations, they got some relief fund from the government.
A. Considering B. Considered
C. Having been considered D. Being considered
12. Tina _____ have known the truth, or she would have told us. A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. needn't
13. There are some police cars in front. What do you suppose _____? A. is the matter B. is happened
C. is the wrong D. the trouble is
14. _____ of water makes Death Valley a desert, but it is by no means devoid. A. Lacking B. Being lack C. Because of lack D. Lack
15. In recent years much more emphasis has been put______ developing the students productive skills.
A. onto B. in C. over D. on
16. A survey was carried out on the death rate of those who were infected by SARS, ________were surprising.
A. as results B. which results
C. the results of it D. the results of which
17. The organization broke no rules, but ______had it acted responsibly. A. neither B. so C. either D. both
18. Many workers were organized to clear away remained of the World Trade Center.
A. those B. that C. what D. where
19. My train arrive in New York at eight o'clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there ______by then.
A. would leave B. will have left C. has left D. had left 20. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____his arguments in favor of the new theory.
A. to be based on B. to base on C. which to base on D. on which to base
21 . ________evidence that language acquiring ability must be stimulated. A. If being B. It is C. There is D. There being
22. Professor Wang , _______ for his informative lectures, was warmly received by his students.
A. knowing B. known C. to be known D. having known
23.In fact Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than ____ in New York. A. to stay B. stayed C. stay D. having stayed
24.You ____ him so closely; you should have kept your distance. A. shouldn't follow B. mustn't follow C. couldn't have been following D. shouldn't have been following 25. There has been a great increase in retail sales , ____﹖ A. does there B. isn't there
C. hasn't there D. isn't it
26. It is the news ____ most parents of the hope that there is a safe and socially approved road to a kind of life they themselves have not had, but their children can. A. that deprive B. that it deprives C. that deprives D. when it deprives
27. We hadn't met for 20 years, but I recognized her_____ I saw her. A. the moment B. for the moment C. the moment when D. at the moment when
28. On hearing a great noise, Mike looked forward through the window _____ what happened outside the room.
A. to seeing B. to see C. seeing D. to have seen
29. You ______ be driven out of the school if you dare to cheat in the exam. A. should B. would C. will D. shall
30. Everyone hopes that we can do something to make things better, so we can't help ______ under the stress.
A. but working B. but to work C. work D. but work
31. We all think that _____ no need to make laws to prevent the young from getting married during their college life.
A. it is B. there has C. it has D. there is
32. Postage ______, the necklace will cost you at least 650 yuan. A. including B. included C. include D. to be included
33. With his eyes ______ on the family album, he thought of the fun he had when he lived with his parents.
A. fixing B. fixed C. to be fixed D. being fixed
34. George applied for the position three times ______ he finally got it. A. before B. until C. when D. after
35. This robot is supposed to save a lot of labor, but it remains a problem if it ______. A. is B. saves C. does D. has
36. There were many more people who got injured in the big fire than _______. A. was reported B. it was reported
C. were reported D. they were reported
37. He doesn't know what to say, for it is the first time that he ______ with a girl. A. went out B. goes out C. has gone out D. had gone out
38. _______ which way to take, the little boy behaved like a real gentleman who comforted his sister from time to time.
A. Leaving to wonder B. Having left to wonder C. Left wondering D. Left to wonder
39. During the tourist season, there are many people wandering in this city to see the old castles _____ in the sixteenth century. A. to be built B. being built
C. having been built D. built 40. When do you think ______ start the new attack?
A. they will B. will they C. they can D. can they 答案：
1. B 2. B success 名词，保留远动词含义\"成功\"是不可数名词；如用来代替具体的人（成功者）或具体的事（成功的事情（东西））是可数名词。故排除C,D；A中how是副词，如改成how great a success就是正确的。
3. B 抽象名词不特指时，前不用冠词。
4. D 如将A项中was, since改成is, since是正确的；即从句中谓语先发生。如用B项，是强调句，而强调句前后两个谓语动词在时间上必须一致（a）；被强调部分能还回原句中（b），即因为句中was declared是过去时, B项中is改成was；因为句中was declared是非延续性动词，在years后加上ago将\"一段\" 时间变成\"一点\"就是正确的。C 项前后时间不一致。
5. C whichever已失去疑问含义，等于 anything that，表示强调； 而 which topic中 which保留疑问含义，译成\"哪一个题目\"，不符合句义。而A和D中缺少连词。
6. B.含有否定意义的副词及介词短语放在句首时，句子中主语和谓语用部分倒装。 7. A 题目中has made是谓语，communication between people far apart短语是宾语，convenient是宾语的补语，被前置。如用B项,it是形式宾语代替不定式或从句。 8. B含宾语从句和定语从句的主从复合句，反意疑问句随主句变；但是在含有宾语从句的住句中主语是第一人称时反意疑问句随从句一致。 9. A
10. B 在让步，时间等状语从句中，如果主从句中主语一致，从句中谓语含 be动词，可以将从句中的主语和 be 省略，即在how 后加they(the works) are，再分别与选择项搭配后，就会发现正确答案是B。
11. A considering \"考虑到\"，而 considered \"被认为\"，根据全句含义，句中主语they和considering是主动关系，因此选择项。 12. C 13. A 14. D lack 作名词，后加of短语。如用A项,lacking是及物动词的动名词，后面不用介词of或作不及物动词,后面加介词in…。
15. D put/ place/ lay emphasis on 是固定搭配，表示\"强调，注重。\" 16. D the results of which 等于whose results，是非性定语从句。 17. A
18. C 该题空格处缺少的是连词，且在从句中作主语，所以排除A,D; that在名词性从句中只起连接作用。 19. B
20. D on which to base his arguments in favor of the new theory = The professor will base
his arguments in favor of the new theory on sufficient grounds.
21. C 句中有连词that和谓语must be stimulated，缺少一个谓语动词，排除A,D，该句译成汉语是\"有。。。的证据\而不是\"它是。。。的证据\"所以排除B. 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. C
27. A 定冠词the加上表示时间的名词起连词作用，引导时间状语从句。如the night/ the minute/ the spring/ the year等。
28. B look forward to doing sth. / sth. 表示\"盼望做某事\"，而look forward to do sth.表示向前看目的（要做。。。）
29. D shall用于第二，三人称表示说话人的心愿； will表示主语的心愿。 30. D can't help but do…相当于 have to do….。
31. D There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.是一个固定句型，相当于 It is unnecessary ( for sb.) to do …;或 sb. have no need to do sth.. 32. B postage included 等于including postage。
33. B fix one's eyes on / upon 是固定短语，表示\"注视\"
34. A 强调从句中谓语动词的动作发生的晚，表示\"。。。。。。才。。。。。。\"。 35. C do(es) 是代动词，用来代替上文save a lot of labor。 36. A 比较状语从句中省略与主句相同的成分，只保留比较对象。 37. C
38. C left wondering 中left的逻辑主语是the little boy，所以可转换成The little boy was left wondering…。
39. D 非谓语动词的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作时， 用过去分词。 40. A
41. Some 25,000 people were reported ______ in the ever recorded worst earthquake in Iran, which occurred late this month.
A. were killed B. to be killed C. killing D. to have been killed
42. _____ the teacher's suggestion, Tom finally found a way to settle the problem. A. Following B. To follow C. Follow D. He followed 43. ______ that no one was ever prepared for it. A. So suddenly did the bad news come B. So suddenly the bad news came
C. So did the bad news come suddenly D. Did the bad news come so suddenly
44. \"______ the friendship between our two people last forever!\sincere hope, the president concluded his speech. A. Could B. May C. Would D. Must
45. We need a more capable leader, ______ with strong will and as well as good humour. A. who B. that C. one D. which
46. Many people attend various public lectures, chiefly ______ themselves familiar with the latest development of different fields.
A. getting B. to get C. to have got D. got
47. It is no longer a problem _______ the poor children in this district can go to school.
A. that B. whether C. so D. because
48. Of all the applicants, ______ do you think is fit for the position? A. who B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever
49. Part of the work is to be finished today and ______ by this weekend. A. another B. the others C. the rest D. the other
50. Generally speaking, the hard one works, _______.
A. the better he gets result B. the better result he gets C. he gets better result D. does he get better result
51. With the worldwide oil crisis, the price of oil has been raised ______ 15%. A. about B. with C. of D. by
52. The lectures, ______ the current international issues, are well received. A. are covered B. covered C. covering D. to cover 53. Peter is very angry about ______ of the changed timetable. A. not informing B. not being informed C. being not informed D. not to be informed
54. It is ______ that terrorism is a great threat to world peace. A. widely accepted B. widely accepting C. wide accepted D. wide accepting
55. The house built of stone lasts longer than ____ built of wood. A. the one B. one C. that D. its
56. E-mail as well as telephones ____ more and more popular in daily communication. A. have become B. become C. are becoming D. is becoming
57. This kind of cloth ____ well.
A. washes B. wash C. is washed D. is washing 58. What do you mean ____ saying that you've never heard of it before? A. in B. by C. as D. with
59. He's an intelligent boy. He ____ made such a foolish mistake.
A. can't have B. may not have C. might not have D. mustn't have
60. Each of the engineers and professors is working hard at their posts, ____ to accomplish the goal as soon as possible.
A. wish B. for wishing C. wishing D. to wish
61. It is just as hard to persuade my wife not to dance ____ to keep me from the football field.
A. so it is B. as it is C. so is it D. as is it
62. It was dark and cold. They had to find a house ____ and some wood ____. A. to stay in…to make a fire with B. to stay…to make a fire with C. to stay in…to make a fire D. to stay…to make a fire 63 Some of the middle-aged people ____ to the meeting were famous professors. A. were invited B. who invited C. inviting D. invited Most green vegetables, ____ for too long, will lose nutrition. A. if to be cooked B. if cooked C. if cooking D. if being cooked
65. ____ you dislike ancient buildings, Warrick Castle is worth a visit. A. As B. If C. Even if D. Now that
66. ____ the expense, I ____ a round-the-world tour.
A. Were it not … would take B. If it were not… take
C. Weren't it for… will take D. If it hadn't been for… would have taken 67. ____ from the top of the mountain, the whole city looks beautiful.
A. Seen B. Seeing C. See D. Looked 68. ____ the essay a second time, the hidden meaning will become clearer to you. A. While reading B. After reading C. Your having read D. When you read
69. ____ impressed the visitors deeply was ____ the workers made with their hands. A. What…that B. That…that C. What…what D. That…what 70. The newspaper's owner and editor ___ away on holiday. A. is B. are C. be D. have been
71. Recent estimates show that ___ more than two million bird-watchers in the United States.
A. there are among B. are there the C. there are D. among the 72. Ellis Haizlip began his stage career in Washington, D.C., ___ supervised the Howard University Players during their summer season.
A. he was B. where he was C .which he D. where he
73. Some people hold that the more conservative the world becomes, have old furniture, old houses and old paintings.
A. the smarter is to B. the smarter it is to C. is it the smarter so D. is one to the smarter
74. She was just about to explain ___ she hadn't passed her maths test chiefly out of carelessness ___ her uncle came.
A. her mother … when B. to her mother why … that C. her mother that … when D. to her mother that … when 75. With the shining water before you and the wind ___ , trees behind you, you can not help ___.
A. blown … but feel relaxed B. blowing … feeling relaxed C. blown … but feel relaxing D. blowing … but feel relaxing 76. \"Will you be able to finish the job this week?\" \" ___ .\" A. I can't say it B. I don't know that C. I'm not sure this D. I don't expect so
77. It's impossible for a child to do so much work within a short period of time, ________ ?
A. isn't it B. is it C. has it D. hasn't it 78. _______ that Mr Thomson got such rare fishes ?
A. When and where was it B. When and where it was C. Was it when and where D. When and where were it
79. Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother ___ to swim. A. how will it learn B. it will learn how C. will it learn how D. and it will learn how 80. Peter and Bob both did well, but Peter is ___ of the two. A. more talented B. the most talented C. most talented D. the more talented 答案：
41. D 当不定式所表示的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作时，不定式用完成时，且kill与逻辑主语people之间是被动关系，故选D
42. A Following做伴随状语，修饰 found。伴随状语只有两种形式，主动用 following 形式；被动用followed形式
43. A 本句测试的是so---ad.---that…结果状语从句的倒装结构，即so – ad.提到主语之前，主句用部分倒状。
44. B May用在第二，三人称的疑问式结构中表示\"祝愿\"。 45. C one做 leader的同位语 46. B
47. A 句中it是形式主语，代替 that引导的主语从句。
48. A
49. C 在四个选项中只有the rest可以代替可数名词或不可数名词，其它三个只代替可数名词。上句work是不可数名词，所以答案是C. 50. B
51. D by加百分数或表示数量的名词，表示\"相差的程度\"。 52. C 53. B
54. A 副词widely表示比喻含义\"广泛地\"；而副词wide表示具体含义\"宽地，完全地\" 55. C不定冠词 a 限定名词时，下文one用来代替；而定冠词the限定名词时，下文that用来代替 56. D
57. A read, start, write等不及物动词加上方式状语或半系动词feel, taste, look等加表语形容词，在英语中是主动形式，而表示汉语中被动意义。 58. B 59. A 60. C
61. B 同36题
62. A 动词不定式to live in和to make a fire with分别作定语修饰a house和some wood,与被修饰的名词构成了动宾关系，所以动词不定式用及物动词或不及物动词加介词构成的相当于及物动词的短语动词。 63. D . B
65. C 主句与从句之间是让步关系，所以用even if. 66. D 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。 67. A
68. D 非谓语动词做状语，其逻辑主语是句中主语。The hidden meaning不能执行read的动作，所以排除AB，C项属于动名词主格结构，在句中做主语。 69. C 70. A and连接两个名词表示\"一副，一双，一套等或一个人兼两个职务，即用一个冠词或物主代词限定两个名词做主语，谓语用单数形式。 71. C 72. D 73. B
74. D explain/ announce等后面的结构是～ sth. to sb.或～ to sb. sth.，to 不可省略。 75. B
76. D I don't expect so.= I expect not. 能这样使用的动词还有 Believe, think和 suppose;而在hope等动词后，否定形式只有 I hope not.不能说 I don't hope so. 77. A
78. A 强调句
79. C only加状语提到主句前面时，主句中主语和谓语用部分倒装。 80. D
81. When the farmer came back from work, his pet dog jumped out the door to welcome him.
A. from B. from behind C. of D. of behind
82. ___ he was ill, I was expected to take his place greatly surprised me for I didn't have much working experience.
A. If B. That if C. That D. If that 83. _____ scenery in national parks is usually attractive. A. A B. An C. The D. One
84. If you have a cold, stay at home so that you won't spread it to _____. A. another B. the other C. others D. the others
85. Those _____ to go to the exhibition should inform the office. A. not wanting B. who not want C. not wanted D. are not want 86. The children _____ and we will never neglected them. A. brought up well B. was brought up well
C. had been well brought up D. have been well brought up 87. The mountain village is my hometown. I spent _____ merry night there when I was young.
A. a great many B. plenty of C. many a D. a great deal 88. In all English towns there is a speed limit of 30 miles an hour, _____? A. is there B. isn't there C. is it D. isn't it
. Why are you always making the same mistake? Think of _____ I told you. A. that B. when C. how D. what
90. Nothing is _____ time; yet nothing is less valued. A. more precious than B. less precious than C. most precious D. as precious as
91. Could _____ have been _____ who helped Sunny get her work done? A. they … it B. they … them C. it … them D. it … they
92. I know a place _____ I can get a calculator on sale. I'll pick one up for you tomorrow.
A. where B. wherever C. how D. which
93. How teachers perform in their classes _____ a strong influence on the growth of the pupils.
A. has B. have C. having D. to have
94. I found the cat _____ under the bed, who had caught a mouse. A. hiding B. hidden C. to hide D. having hidden 95. ---- How did he get back last night?
---- I think he _____ back on foot, as there were no buses or taxies then at all. A. might have come B. needn't have come
C. must have come D. should have come
96. The doctor would allow him to go home _____ he remained in bed. A. as though B. for fear that
C. on condition that D. as far as 97. One of the most important social problems of today is _____ jobs to the unemployed. A. what to be given B. having given C. how to give D. to have given
98. The doctor said I was over-weight. If only I _____ less! A. ate B. have been eating C. have eaten D. had eaten
99. It is said that he got laughed at for _____.
A. his dishonest B. been dishonest C. being dishonest D. to be dishonest
100. A baby animal knows animals of _____ own kind when it sees them, when it smells them
and it hears them.
A. her B. one's C. its D. their 参及解析：
81. B
82. B That引导的是主语从句，而 if 从句是that主语从句中的条件状语。 83. C 84. C
85. A not wanting 等于who do not want. 86. D
87. C many a merry night= a great many /plenty of merry nights . 88. B
. D of后面是介词宾语从句，需要连词且在从句中做 tell 的直接宾语；所以用 what， that 在名词性从句中补充当成分，没有实在意义。而BC连接副词，在从句中只做状语。 90. A 否定意义的词语与比较级连用，表示最高级的含义。 91. D 强调句 92. A 93. A 94. B 95. C
96. C on condition that= if 97. C 做表语的非谓语动词表示具体时间（将来）的行为，故用不定式一般时，排除 BD，短语中不缺少成分，排除A
98. D if only后用虚拟语气。此句中表示与过去事实相反。 99. C for介词,后接名词或相当于名词的短语或从句。 100. C
101. After Christmas, _____ clothing on sale in that shop attracted quite a few housewives. A.a variety of B. a number of C. the number of D. the great deal of
102. The mayor promised the city government _____ the building of the new roads with thetaxes it collected.
A. shall finance B. may support C. can help D. should provide
103. Whoever does wrong to his country or to the people deserves _____. A. to punish B. to be punished
C. to punishment D. of being punished
104. Some children usually behave in their own way _____ they do not get along with theirclassmates and there are often disagreements between them. A. even though B. on condition that C. so that D. unless
105. Secondary and higher education _____ available to all high school graduates in thiscountry so far.
A. have made B. were made themselves C. have been made D. were made it
106. The mother believes that John's stupid, but it's different _____ of Mary; she's just lazy.
A. in spite B. in the case C. in the course D. in case 107. The image of a devoted and noble angel in white _____ heals the wounded and rescuesthe dying is making a comeback _____ the nation faces a crisis. A. that…because B. who…when C. which…that D. what…as
108. About how many elements _____ make up most of the substances we meet in everyday life
A. it is which B. what it is C. is it that D. it is that 109. The government was believed to be considering _____ a law _____ it a crime to importany kind of weapon.
A. to pass …. to making B. to be passing …. to make C. passing … made D. passing …. making.
110. Dewitt Wallance founded the Reader's Digest as a pocket-sized, non-fiction magazine_____ to inform and entertain.
A. was intended B. intending C. to intend D. intended
111. _____ this instrument should have put its work permit number on the box. A. Who checked B. Whoever inspected
C. No matter who examined D. Those who estimates
112. I am sure I can help you find ____ bed for your new house, but now I'm heading for____ bed and ____ good sleep.
A. a , a , the B. a , / , a C. the , a , a D. a , the , a
113. Two of the notebooks ____ Tom had lost on the bus were returned to the main desk at his dormitory.
A. what B. which C. who D. whose
114. The drink taste a little ____ to me.
A. strong B. strongly C. so strong D. too much strong 115. My roommate lost a lot of weight ____ every day.
A. to exercise B. with exercise C. for exercise D. by exercising 116. I went to ____ to buy a ruler and a rubber.
A. a stationer B. a stationer's C. the stationer D. stationer's 117. They arrived there at last, ____.
A. was tired and hungry C. being tired and hungry C. tired and hungry D. tiredly and hungrily 118. - What was the party like
-Wonderful . It's years ____ I enjoyed myself so much. A. before B. after C. when D. since
119. Time should be made a good use ____ our lessons well. A. of to learn B. of learning C. to learn D. to learning 120. You cannot be ____ careful when you drive a car. A. very B. so C. too D. enough 答案：
101.A
102.A 同29题
103.B deserve praising(= to be praised; =praise) 值得赞扬 104.C
105.C将被动语态还原成主动语态就不难看出此题测试的是make sth. adj.结构，表示\"使成为……\"。
106.B in the case of 意为：就……来说，至于； in case of 意为：以防万一
107.B who引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词angel in white\"白衣天使\"；而 when引导的是时间状
语从句，表示\"当国家（民族）面临危机时。\"
108.C 强调句，被强调部分是\" how many elements\"。
109.D consider后只能用动名词做直接宾语，排除AB；而后一空格用making构成现在分词短语作定语。 110.D
111.B whoever引导主语从句，失去疑问含义，表示强调\"无论谁；谁……谁就……\"等于 anyone who；而who引导名词性从句时， who保留疑问含义\"谁\"。 112.B bed作为和（睡眠，病床）有关连的意义使用时通常不加冠词，但看作一件（家具）时就要加冠词。第一个 bed指家具，前面要用冠词；而 head for bed相当于 go to bed，前面不用冠词。 113.B
114.A 在57题中讲过。 115.D 116.B
117.C 形容词作结果状语，等于They arrived there at last so that they were tired and hungry. 118.D
119.A 将句子还原成主动语态We should make use of time to learn our lessons well. 后，就不难看出\" To learn……\" 作目的状语。
120.C can't too 加形容词表示\"越……越好；……都不为过\"。
121. When he arrived, he found ____ the aged and the sick at home. A. nothing but B. none but C. none other than D. no other than
122. John seems a nice person. ____, I don't trust him. A. Even though B. Even so C. ThereforeD. Though
123. Excuse me. If your call's not too urgent, do you mind ____ mine first A. I make B. if I make C. me to make D. that I make
124. We agreed to accept ____ they thought was the best tourist guide. A. whatever B. whomever C. whichever D. whoever
125. ____ she realized it was too late to go home.
A. No sooner it grew dark than B. Hardly did it grow dark that C. Scarcely had it grown dark than D. It was not until dark that
126. They are going to have the serviceman ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow. A. install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed
127.There is an increase of 16% in the consumption of tobacco_____ the previous year. A. over B. than C. to D. then
128.______ on time, I think, the medicine will work on him before long. A. Taken B. Being taken C. If taking D. Take
129._____ you want me to fire you, I suggest you stop wearing sports clothes at office.
A. As long as B. As far as C. Since D. Unless
130.Nobody in the class except you and me _____ to the principal about the air qualityproblems.
A. has complained B. have complained C. complain D. complaining 131.Why can't you smoke
At no time _______ in the meeting room.
A. does smoking permit B. smoking be permitted C. is smoking permitted D. permits smoking
132.The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience ___on benches, chairsor boxes.
A. having seated B. seating C. having been seated D. seated
133. These winners from that key school are wise and diligent, actually there are______students in that school
A. many such B. such many C. so many D. so much
134.Jack got a good mark although he had done _____ the others. A. half as much as B. as much as half C. as half as D. as much half as
135.In the USA, both the federal and state governments have laws _____ to guard consumers against deceptive advertisements
A. to be designed B. designed C. to design D. designing
136．It is _____honor for Mrs. Black to be invited to act as an hostess at the party. A. an B. a C./ D. the
137.Don't forget the appointment with the principal at the registry office, _____you A. don't B. do C. will D. shall
138．We have no interest in the actress's scandal (丑闻), _____has been the focus of thenewspaper's attention for months. A. which B. what C. who D. that
139.Terry doesn't like the idea of his wife _____ in that affair. A. being involvedB. involvingC. involved D. to be involved
140._______ to be much chance of our catching him up in the near future. A. You don't seem B. There doesn't seem C. That doesn't seem D. It doesn't seem 答案：
121.B 空格后the aged and the sick, 等于the old people and the sick people,所以but前应用表示\"人\"的不定代词。 122.B 123.B 124.D 125.D
126.A 在have sb. do sth.结构中 do sth.做宾语 the serviceman的补足语，和 serviceman构成了逻辑上的主语和谓语的关系，表示\"叫某人做某事\"。
127.A over介词\"比\"。如用than前面要有形容词比较等级。再如: As a secretary, girls are favored over boys. 128.A 129.D
130.A nobody 做主语，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。 131.C同第六题。 132.D 133.A such与不定冠词连用时要放在它的前面；而与some, any, no, every, another, many, all等连用时放在它们的后面。 134.A 135.B
136.A honor 在此题中代指一件具体的事，作可数名词，表示 \"（一件）引以为荣的事\"；也可以表示 \"引以为荣的人\"。
137.C 祈使句的反意疑问句有：1）表示建议以Let's开始的句子，用shall we；2）表示有礼貌的邀请用won't you；3） 表示不耐烦用can't you；4）其它情况用 will/ would you。 138.A 139.A
140.B There seems /doesn't seem to be… \"似乎有/没有\"; 而You seem/ don't seem to be… \"你好象是/不是；根据后面主语chance，应用 B项。
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